Beijing Metro will be fully equipped with AED

Will you be able to operate the life-saving artifact?

  According to media reports recently, by the end of 2022, all rail transit stations in Beijing will achieve full coverage of automatic external defibrillators (hereinafter referred to as AED), and the configuration of 104 stations on 7 lines will be completed by the end of this year.

Then the question came, the "life-saving artifact" is in place, will you really use it?

Today, please ask the first-aid experts of 120 Beijing Emergency Center to teach you the skills of AED hand-in-hand to save lives at critical moments.

  Sudden Cardiac Death Rescue Seizes "Golden 4 Minutes"

  Before understanding AED, we must first understand cardiac arrest.

Cardiac arrest refers to the sudden termination of the ejection function of the heart, the loss of the pulsation of the large arteries and the loss of heart sounds, leading to the death of vital organs such as severe cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.

This unexpected sudden death is also called sudden death.

Among people who die from this disease every year in our country, 80% of patients have experienced ventricular fibrillation.

  In recent years, cases of sudden deaths in public places such as subway stations and railway stations are not uncommon.

Statistics from the National Cardiovascular Center in 2019 show that there are up to 550,000 sudden cardiac deaths in my country each year.

According to data, if a cardiac arrest exceeds 4 minutes, the brain tissue will be permanently damaged, and the brain will die after 10 minutes.

Therefore, the rescue of sudden cardiac death has a "golden 4 minutes" argument.

  So why do everyone call AED the "first aid artifact" to deal with such emergencies?

AED (Automated External Defibrillator) is the English abbreviation of Automated External Defibrillator. It is a portable, easy-to-operate, and can be used proficiently after a little training. It is a device specially designed for on-site first aid.

  Automated external defibrillators are designed for the following two types of patients: ventricular fibrillation (or ventricular flutter) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia.

  When ventricular fibrillation occurs, the electrical activity of the heart is in a state of severe chaos, and the ventricles cannot pump blood effectively; in tachycardia, the heart beats too fast to effectively pump out enough blood, usually this kind of ventricular tachycardia Eventually it will become ventricular fibrillation.

If not corrected as soon as possible, these two arrhythmias can quickly lead to brain damage and death.

For every minute of delay, the patient's survival rate is reduced by 10%.

  Operating AED is easier than learning CPR

  It is understood that the success rate of AED in rescuing patients with cardiac arrest is much higher than that of manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Its biggest feature is that the user does not need to have a professional background, after receiving a certain period of training, the operator can master the method of use.

  "AED makes it possible for patients to receive timely treatment. AED is fully automatic. It can be used by ordinary people with a little publicity. If AED can be widely used like a fire extinguisher, it will be a new thing for the lives of our people. Milestone." According to experts from 120 Beijing Emergency Center, AED is not only a first aid device, but also a new concept of first aid, a concept that witnesses at the scene perform effective first aid first.

It can be analyzed by a built-in computer and determine whether the patient needs to be defibrillated.

During defibrillation, the AED's voice prompts and screen display make the operation easier and easier.

For most people, an automated external defibrillator can be operated with only a few hours of training.

The American Heart Association (AHA) believes that learning AED is easier than learning CPR.

  It is understood that most of the patients suffering from cardiac arrest in our country cannot get timely treatment, not because of technology, but mainly because people's consciousness is not in place.

Basically, defibrillation is only understood by professionally trained doctors.

Cardiac arrest may occur at any time and anywhere, and when the doctor arrives, the best time for treatment is basically missed.

  Four-step tutorial to help you have "life-saving skills"

  The use of AED electric shock can terminate fatal arrhythmia (such as ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia, etc.), and then re-control the heart beat through the high pacemaker point excitement, so that the heart can resume beating.

Our reporter learned from 120 Beijing Emergency Center that the operation of AED can be divided into four steps:

  The first step: turn the patient on the back, place the AED next to the patient's ear, and perform defibrillation on one side of the patient, so that it is convenient to place the electrodes, and at the same time, another person can perform CPR on the other side of the patient.

Turn on the power: Turn on the power switch by pressing the power switch or opening the cover of the display. The instrument will give voice prompts to guide the operator to the following steps.

  Step 2: Paste the electrodes and quickly paste the electrodes on the patient’s chest. One electrode is placed on the patient’s upper right chest wall (below the clavicle), and the other is placed on the outside of the left nipple. The upper edge is about 7cm away from the armpit. Minimize the interruption time of CPR compressions.

If the patient sweats a lot, dry the skin with clothes or towels in advance.

If the patient has more chest hair, it will hinder the effective contact between the electrode and the skin. The electrode can be pressed firmly. If it is invalid, the electrode should be pasted after removing the chest hair.

  Step 3: Insert the electrode patch lead into the AED host.

Analyze the heart rhythm: emergency personnel and bystanders should ensure that they do not contact the patient to avoid affecting the instrument's analysis of the heart rhythm.

Heart rhythm analysis takes 5-15 seconds.

If the patient has ventricular fibrillation, the instrument will give an audible alarm or graphical alarm.

  Step 4: Before pressing the "shock" button, you must make sure that no one is in contact with the patient, or announce "leave" loudly.

When analyzing a heart rhythm that requires defibrillation, the capacitor is often automatically charged with a sound or indicator light.

During the electric shock, the patient will have sudden convulsions.

After the first shock is completed, CPR is continued immediately.

The electrode pads need to be attached to the patient all the time. Every two minutes or so, the AED will automatically analyze the heart rhythm again.

  It is worth noting that the AED will not give electric shocks to those who have no heart rate and whose ECG is in a straight line.

Some patients may not be able to recover their heartbeat after defibrillation due to their underlying cardiac diseases. At this time, the automatic external defibrillator will prompt that there is no indication for defibrillation, and immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation is recommended.

  good news

  One defibrillator at each station will cover the entire subway line

  In 2003, the United States launched the PAD program nationwide to improve the use of life-saving AEDs in public places to treat cardiac arrest.

In Asia, Japan and Hong Kong are more populous countries and regions.

In Hong Kong, hospitals, police stations (including stormtroopers assault vehicles), ambulance stations, and large shopping malls are equipped with AEDs. Since 2011, all venues under the Hong Kong Leisure and Cultural Services Department have been equipped with AEDs.

Since April 2013, AEDs have been installed in all public places such as Taipei MRT stations, household registration offices, and schools in Taipei City.

  The AED project in my country was launched in 2004, until the end of 2006 had the first domestically produced AED.

In 2008, the Beijing Municipal Government purchased 400 AEDs at a time.

According to media reports, the AED installation work in this subway station will be implemented in three phases in an orderly manner based on the configuration standard of one AED per station.

Before the end of 2020, complete the AED configuration work for 104 stations on 7 lines including Metro Line 1, Line 2, Line 13, Line 4, Daxing Line, Daxing Airport Line, and Yanfang Line; before the end of 2021, Completed AEDs at 229 stations on 10 lines including Metro Line 5, Line 6, Line 7, Line 8, Line 9, Line 10, Capital Airport Line, Batong Line, Line 14, Line 16 Configuration work, achieving equipment coverage of 84%.

Before the end of 2022, complete the AED configuration of 65 stations on the remaining 5 lines of Metro Line 15, Changping Line, Yizhuang Line, Fangshan Line, and S1 Line to achieve full coverage of AEDs for subway stations in Beijing's rail transit network.

  Text / reporter Li Jie