"Starting from the bottom" Jiang Ziya: Go your own way, the next big game of destroying Shang

  Tai Gong returned to his throne, the gods avoided

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  The national comic film "Jiang Ziya" was finally released on the National Day file.

In the film, Jiang Ziya set foot on Youdu Mountain to search for the truth, only to discover that the Conferred God War was only a big chess game played by Master Jingxu Palace, and he and the others were just pawns in the chess game.

But Jiang Shang, the historical prototype of Jiang Ziya, was never reconciled to being a chess piece. He wanted to be a chess player and go to the next big chess game.

Fishing alone in Weibin, intended for Jichang

  Based on historical records such as "Shi Ji", "Warring States Policy", "Lü Shi Chun Qiu" and other historical records, Jiang Shang "the ancestor tasted the Four Sacred Mountains", and his ancestor was one of the "Four Sacred Mountains" in the Yao and Shun period.

When the Yellow River and Weishui Basin were flooded to the sky, Yao and Shun asked the "Four Sacred Mountains" for water control candidates, and the "Four Sacred Mountains" recommended Gunyu and his sons to take on the important task of water control.

In the process of Yu Da Yu's water management, Jiang Shang's ancestors "zuo Yu was very good at leveling water and soil", and he was named "Lu" or "Shen" and became a vassal state.

  But when Jiang Shang was born, the family had no throne to inherit, and the social class fell to the common people.

He only had to seek his own career, relying on the path of "UBM" to go to school and get good results, "taste things" and serve King Zhou in the Shang Dynasty.

Later, because of "no way", "go away."

Later, he "lobbyed the princes" and traveled around the country, trying to find a platform to display his talents, but "have nothing to meet" and have nowhere to serve the country.

Jiang Shanghou "heard of Wangxian in the literature, so he fished in the Wei to observe him." Hearing that Ji Chang knows how to be courteous and corporal, knowing people and benevolent, he went fishing in the Weishui near Zhouyuan, the capital of the State of Zhou, in order to gain appreciation and admiration while observing Ji Chang. Is it worthy of entrustment?

  When Jiang Shang was fishing along the Weishui, Zhou Guo was standing at the crossroads of historical development.

Around the time of King Wuding of the Shang Dynasty, Ji Chang's grandfather, Gu Gongfu, led the Zhou people to migrate to the Zhouyuan area to the south of Qishan. "In the sun of Qi, the beginning of Jianshang" began to have the intention of "Jianshang".

In Zhouyuan, the people of Zhou breed population, build cities, manage traffic, expand the area of ​​arable land, and rapidly grow in strength. They continuously defeated the Hunyi and Xirong tribes scattered in the northwest of Qishan, and the surrounding small countries have returned.

Ji Li, the youngest son of Gu Gong, inherited his father’s business, opened up frontiers, and conquered Rong tribes such as Xiluo Gui Rong, Yanjing Rong, Yu Wu Zhi Rong, and Shi Hu Zhi Rong, and relieved the threat of surrounding Rong tribes. value.

Shang Wang Wending appointed Ji Li as a "pastor" and Zhou Guo became a Western power recognized by the Shang Dynasty.

  Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. With the rapid expansion of Zhou clan power, the conflicts between Shang and Zhou quickly intensified.

In order to curb the expansion momentum of the Zhou clan, Wang Wending, who reused the calendar, directly killed the calendar to avoid future troubles.

After Ji Li died, his son Ji Chang came to the throne.

Ji Chang was eager for revenge, eager to get rid of the control of the Shang Dynasty, and rashly launched a war against the Shang Dynasty. As a result, he quickly failed under the powerful counterattack of the Shang Dynasty, and was even captured as a prisoner of King Shang Zhou.

Zhou Ren used the BMW beauty to bribe King Zhou, and Ji Chang was released and returned to China.

  After Ji Chang returned to China, he was about to go hunting on the Weishui River one day, so he made a divination. The hexagram indicated that the hunting was "not a bear or a leopard, nor a tiger or a leopard, the master of King Zhaode." A figure of the national division level who can help Ji Chang achieve hegemony.

Ji Chang was overjoyed, so he bathed in incense and fasted for three days before going hunting to show his solemnity.

  Ji Chang went to the north bank of the Weishui River and saw Jiang Shang "sit on the grass and fish", so he went to greet him and asked Jiang Shang "Zi Le Yu Xie". I think my husband is in good spirits. He should be a person who likes fishing.

Jiang Shang replied, "A gentleman enjoys his ambitions, a villain enjoys his things, I am not happy when I fish." A gentleman enjoys aspirations, while ordinary people enjoy his hobbies; fishing is not my hobby, and I don't take it for pleasure. fun.

Jiang Shang's implication is that he has great ambitions and is not happy to go fishing.

  When Ji Chang heard Jiang Shang's extraordinary conversation, he had a deep conversation with him.

After that, Ji Chang was overjoyed and told Jiang Shang that his first grandpa had predicted, "When there is a saint, Zhou Yixing", there will be a saint to help Zhou Guo's cause achieve breakthrough development. Now it seems that you are that person.

Ji Chang immediately "carried and returned", and Jiang Shang went back to the city in the same car, and worshipped him as Taishi.

Keep a low profile, end prison and Yu Rui

  After returning to the dynasty, Ji Chang asked Jiang Shang, "What is the world?" How can we seize the world and govern the country?

Jiang Shang had the odds of victory in his grasp, and one by one, Ji Changhe showed his plans.

  Jiang Shang pointed out that in the Shang Dynasty, the "grass and grass triumphs over the valley", "the crowd prevailed over the straight", "the tyrannical thieves, the defeat of the law and the punishment", and the signs of subjugation appeared. Zhou Dynasty business was the general trend. "Tao" and "righteousness" seize the world.

Ji Chang said, "If you are allowed, you dare not be imperial."

  While helping Ji Chang to clarify the strategic goal of eliminating business, Jiang Shang advised Ji Chang to soberly recognize the power gap between Shang and Zhou, and continue to keep a low profile.

Although after several generations of management, Zhou has emerged as the largest power in the West, it is still not enough to fully contend with the Shang Dynasty.

Shang is still the "Dayi Shang", and Zhou is still the "Xiaobang Zhou".

The Shang dynasty, which was founded hundreds of years ago, has deep and leafy roots and a vast territory, and controlled the necessary places for Zhou to advance eastward, such as western Henan and southern Shanxi, forming an overwhelming advantage over Zhou in the overall situation.

In the face of the objective facts that the enemy is strong and we are weak, and that "the Shang and Zhou are invincible", we should not rush for success and overdo it.

  Jiang Shang warned Ji Chang, "There is no harm in heaven, so you can't sing first; if there is no disaster in humanity, you can't plan first", and suggested that Ji Chang be respectful of business and paralyze King Zhou.

Ji Chang heartily guided the gods, built the Shang ancestral temple in Zhouyuan, dedicated to the ancestors of the Shang dynasty, and respected and sacrificed on time; proactively attacked the princes who betrayed the Shang dynasty and made a gesture of clearing the door for the Shang dynasty. , Banquet and dance, pretending to be corrupt and enjoyable, without ambition.

This series of actions by Ji Chang successfully paralyzed the Shang Dynasty.

King Zhou came to the conclusion that "Xibo changed things easily, so I don't have any worries" and gave Ji Chang the power to take charge of western conquests.

  As King Zhou turned his attention to the east and tried his best to deal with the Dongyi tribe, Zhou's external pressure was greatly reduced and he obtained a rare opportunity for development.

Jiang Shang took advantage of the situation and suggested that Ji Chang "conspiracy to practice good morals in order to invest in business and politics."

Internally, he promoted good governance, improved people's livelihood, and recruited talents; externally, Jiang Shang persuaded Ji Chang to dedicate Zhou's Lossy land to King Zhou, requesting King Zhou to abolish the "stigmatization" and establish an image of daring to pray for the people of the world. , Thereby expanding the influence in the princes, and forming alliances, dividing and disintegrating the vassals of the Shang Dynasty.

Among Jiang Shang's comprehensive diplomatic strategy, the most politically significant one is "breaking Yu and Rui's lawsuit."

  According to "Records of the Historian", "Mao Shi Zhengyi" and other records, "the people of Yu and Rui cannot be resolved in prison", Yu Guo (now northeast of Pinglu County, Shanxi Province), Rui Guo (now west of Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province)" When territorial disputes occur, the monarchs of the two countries will "communicate with each other".

  As soon as Guojun Yu and Rui entered the land boundary of Zhou State, they saw "the farmer gave way to the land, the walker gave way", the farmers gave way to each other, and the pedestrians gave way to each other; when they came to the capital of Zhou State, they saw "men and women in different roads, white spots are not mentioned", men and women, young and old. They are all humbly and conciliatory; when entering the Zhou Guochao Hall, see "The scholars let the doctors go first, and the doctors let the officials go first," the doctors let the Qing go first.

  When Yu and Rui Guojun saw this, before seeing Ji Chang and Jiang Shang’s face, they "are all ashamed" and sighed, "What I am fighting, what the people of Zhou are ashamed of, what will I do, I will only humiliate my ears." Wait for the villain, you can't walk in the court of gentlemen", hurry back, don't let our feet get dirty in Zhou Guoqian's land of gentlemen.

  After returning, Yu and Rui "concessed each other, retiring with their contended land for the field" and designated the disputed land as a buffer zone.

Upon hearing this, the princes and states all said, "Xibogai was ordered to be the king", and soon "more than forty countries will return after hearing this."

  As the vassal states of the Shang Dynasty, Yu and Rui did not seek mediation from the King of Shang when they had disputes, but instead asked Zhou for a ruling, indicating that Zhou had begun to replace Shang as the actual sovereign state of some small countries.

Zhou people called this year the "year of entrustment," and Ji Chang subsequently proclaimed the king, as the king of literary works, and respected the ancient father and father as the king, and the calendar as the king.

Song Dynasty scholar Lu Zuqian commented, "The king of Wen listened to Yu Rui's lawsuit and the business began to decline", this is "the king of Wen Yin does good, and all the princes come to make a decision."

  The behavior of Yu and Rui in going to Zhou to decide disputes represents political submission to Zhou.

Zhou Guo extended his power to the east of the Yellow River through the "breaking of Yu and Rui's lawsuit."

From then on, the Hedong Plain and the Weihe Plain, the base of the Zhou clan, became one piece and became the basic rule of the Zhou state.

Zhou Guo used this to open up the only way to expedite the east, namely the Hangu Pass from Tongguan to Weihan, and began to attack the core area of ​​Shang Dynasty.

Jian Shang's wings, not afraid of heaven

  In addition to making alliances, King Wen also used Jiang Shang’s plan to seize the opportunity of King Zhou to conquer the East and the West. Under the banner of supporting the Shang Dynasty, he used the power of "exclusive conquest" granted by King Zhou to send troops to attack Loyalty. However, the country that the Shang Dynasty was hostile to the Zhou State was the "shang wing."

  Under Jiang Shang's plan, Zhou first conquered the Nun Rong, Mixu, Ruan, and Gong in the northwest region to relieve the worries of the eastward move.

After crossing the Yellow River, entering the southwestern part of Shanxi and the western part of Henan, the State of Li (now the Shangdang District, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province) was destroyed at the western foot of Taihang Mountain, and the most important passage through Taihang Mountain was opened. To the east, you can overlook the Shang Dynasty capital. To the south, you can directly take the Heluo area, the core area of ​​the Shang Dynasty.

  The other direction affected by Zhou's expansion was the Yangtze River, Huaihe River and Hanshui River basins in the south.

The oracle bone inscriptions unearthed in the Zhouyuan area, such as "Fashu", "Zhengchao", and "Chuzi Laijiao", show that the Zhou people's influence had reached between Jianghuai and Jianghan, and entered the Bashu area in the southwest.

  By expanding to the Taihang Mountains in the north and Jianghuai and Jianghan in the south, Zhou Guo completed the strategic encirclement of the north and south of the Shang Dynasty.

At this point, most of the princes in the three directions of the south, north, and west of the world have been surrendered to the state of Zhou. This is what Confucius said, "There are two of the three in the world."

  After completing the north-south pincer-shaped encirclement layout of the Shang Dynasty, Wang Wen and Jiang Shang pulled out the last pass Chongguo (now Huazhou District, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province) from the middle road, which was the last pass of the Shang Dynasty to block Zhou’s eastward development. The strategic posture of diving into the central plains of Henan opened the prelude to the aspiration of the Central Plains.

Around 1056 BC, King Wen died, and his son Ji Fa ascended the throne as King Wu.

After more than ten years of preparation, at the beginning of 1046 BC, King Wu and Jiang Shang vowed to attack Zhou.

  According to "The Lost Articles of the Six Secret Teachings", when Zhou Shi marched to Boshui Niutou Mountain, "the wind was very thunderous, and the drum flag was destroyed", encountered squally thunder and lightning, the snare drum cracked, and the army flag broke. Even the guards of the King Wu’s royal car were "Dead in shock."

In ancient Chinese military science of astronomical phenomena, this is a sign of unfavorable assignments, "the public is afraid of all", and there are many rumors in the military.

  Jiang Shang didn't take it seriously, "For those who use the military, the way of going in the sky is not necessarily good, and the inverse is not necessarily bad. If there is a loss of personnel, the three armies will be defeated... I am a good person and can use it. When I get something, I don't look at the time. Things are profitable, things are good without divination, good things are good without prayers and sacrifices." He believes that the way of using soldiers is not good or bad in the sky, but in personnel affairs, "to advance before orders are driven."

  At this time, the younger brother of King Wu, the famous Zhou Gongdan in later history, burned tortoise shells and counted yarrow for fortune-telling, and came to the conclusion that "the tortoise is invincible, the divination is not good, and the stars have become disasters." division".

Jiang Shang was angry this time and yelled at Gongdan Zhou, "Today, he is more than dry, the prisoner is a jailer, and the government is honest." King Zhou killed Zhongliang, appointed a traitor, chaos in the court, and people's grievances. Walk the road, "what is not to cut down"; and "withered grass and rotten bones, security can be known."

After all, Jiang Shang "burned the tortoise and folds the yarrow, and aided the yarrow", burned the tortoise shell, broke the yarrow, and personally beat the drums of war, "take the lead in wading the river."

  Under the encouragement of Jiang Shang, the young King Wu "followed it" and finally won the decisive victory of Muye, annihilated the Shang Dynasty, and upgraded Zhou to the new world leader Zhou Dynasty.

King Wu "Shangshang and king the world", Jiang Shang "seeking the majority", because of his merits, he became the founding father of Qi, and he was known as Tai Gong in history.

  Jiang Shang’s plan for the Zhou Dynasty was the first surviving strategic plan to destroy the country in Chinese history. It was later called the "Wei Shui Pair" to commemorate the first encounter between Jiang Shang and Ji Chang in life.

Jiang Shang's brilliant wisdom in the great cause of exterminating Shang and prospering Zhou, and his half-life, humble, once met, and legendary experience of fame became an excellent material for legendary novels. In the end, "the Taigong returns to the throne, and the gods evade". The image of God God, from history to myth.

  (The author is a PhD in History, Renmin University of China)

  Wu Peng Source: China Youth Daily