The exhibition "Danchen forever-six hundred years of the construction of the Forbidden City" opened on the 10th at the Meridian Gate of the Palace Museum, exhibiting more than 450 pieces of cultural relics and historical photos.
Exhibits to reflect architecture
Although it is not an exhibition that wins by the level of exhibits, the exhibition still presents many dazzling cultural relics.
For example, the talisman plate and five offerings of the Hall of Nourishing the Heart were exhibited for the first time. The bronze talisman plate engraved with the town house charms to guard the palace, and the five offerings of incense burner, wax table and Ganoderma lucidum were in front.
It was discovered during the first major repair of the Hall of Yangxin that they were placed directly above the algae in the frame of the Mingjian beam of the Hall of Yangxin.
In fact, there are only three buildings in the entire Forbidden City, namely the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Palace of Qianqing and the Hall of Yangxin.
The picture shows the talisman board and the five offerings of the Hall of Nourishing Heart on display for the first time.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The Fuwangge lacquered yarn that first appeared is a special fabric.
This lacquered yarn was originally inlaid on the railing cover on the first floor of the Fuwang Pavilion in the Garden of Ningshou Palace. The front and back are decorated with the same pattern, and it is completely transparent and exquisite.
Regrettably, this manufacturing process has long been lost.
The picture shows the audience visiting the gold and silver lacquer yarn (made in 1773) in the south of Fuwang Pavilion, which was exhibited for the first time.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The Ningshou Palace Garden where Fuwang Pavilion is located is an exclusive palace group built by Qianlong after his "retirement". Each brick and tile inside represents the peak level of craftsmanship during the Qianlong period, and its regulation is almost a miniature Forbidden City.
In 1773, craftsmen in the south wove more than ten pieces of lacquer yarn and sent them to the Forbidden City from thousands of miles to become the "screen windows" in the Fuwang Pavilion.
As a screen window, lacquered yarn must ensure breathability and light transmission, but also ensure toughness and durability.
After detection by modern technology, the lacquer yarn of Fuwangge is composed of six layers: yarn core layer, pattern layer, gold-sticking layer, bottom layer, smudge layer and hook thread layer.
“The lacquered yarn on display is one of them. This is the first time it has seen the public in more than two hundred years.” said Zhang Jie, deputy research librarian and curator of the Ministry of Ancient Construction, because of its fragile surface conditions, it will be difficult for the future. There is a chance to exhibit again.
And the cute scene appeared at the party of the Palace of Supreme Harmony Ridge Beast.
"Although all the ridge beasts have been exhibited, this is the first time that the ridge beasts of the Palace of Supreme Harmony have been exhibited together," Zhang Jie said.
The picture shows the audience visiting the ridge beasts on the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City. This group of ridge beasts were the originals from the 33rd year of Kangxi (1695) when the Hall of Supreme Harmony was rebuilt.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
On the roofs of ancient buildings in the Forbidden City, there are certain regulations on the number and location of ridge beasts, which must not be exceeded.
As the most regulated building, the Hall of Supreme Harmony has up to ten roof ridge beasts, and the number is even, which is the only example among all the ancient buildings in the Forbidden City.
The ten glazed tile-backed beasts from the Kangxi period are in order from front to back: dragon, phoenix, lion, pegasus, seahorse, scorpion, scorpion fish, scorpion, bullfighting, and walking. Among them, only the Palace of Supreme Harmony Unique.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The Ming Dynasty "Atlas of Emperor Xu Xianqing's Official Relics·Emperor Attendant Class" is hidden in the Palace Museum. In the picture, you can see the layout of Huangji Hall (renamed Taihe Hall in Qing Dynasty) and its auxiliary buildings.
Di Yajing, deputy director of the Ministry of Ancient Construction, said frankly that the size of the Palace of Supreme Harmony in the Qing Dynasty may be less than 70% of the size of the Hall of Harmony in the Ming Dynasty. The Huangji Palace and annex buildings in this picture cannot be verified at present. reference.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
"The Record of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty" records: "The original old is 30 feet wide and 15 feet deep." That is, the width is about 95.1 meters and the depth is about 47.55 meters.
In Jiajing thirty-six years, Fengtian Temple was burned again, so it was reduced in size and rebuilt, causing the scale of the palace and platform to be out of balance. After Jiajing was rebuilt, it was renamed "Huangji Temple."
In the Qing Dynasty, Qing Shizu changed the Huangji Hall to "Taihe Hall".
The Hall of Supreme Harmony was rebuilt in the thirty-fourth year of Kangxi. The oblique corridors on both sides of the main hall were demolished and replaced with firewalls. The scale is the same as that of Jiajing, with a width of 63.96 meters, a depth of 37.2 meters and a height of 35.05 meters.
From this one can imagine the majesty of the Palace of Supreme Harmony in the Ming Dynasty.
Historical data for exhibition
Since its establishment in 1420 in the Ming Dynasty, the architecture of the Forbidden City has inherited the regulations of the Tang and Song dynasties and is organically integrated with the city's functions and landscape. It is a concentrated expression of ancient Chinese city construction and palace construction ideas.
The picture shows the audience visiting the exhibition.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The exhibition board presents a map of the Forbidden City in the seventh year of the Ming Dynasty Apocalypse, and the model of the Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty is restored in the form of a sand table in the Wumen exhibition hall.
The glazed tiles, hourglasses, and fragments of squatting beasts in the Ming Dynasty, as well as the ridge beasts, window lattices and Jin Ou Yonggu cups of the Qing Dynasty, remind the audience that this is a city with a history of 600 years.
The picture shows tourists visiting the gold-embedded beaded stone Jinou Yonggu Cup.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
In the photo, the remaining half of an apple on the kang table in the south window of Chuxiu Palace was leftover by Pu Yi before leaving the palace in a hurry; the historical materials presented on the exhibition board include Emperor Pu Yi, Minister of the Interior Shao Ying, and the implementation of Li Shizeng of "Preferential Treatment Conditions" three people's recollection of the incident, "We introduce the perspective of the parties, look for materials from their diaries, memoirs and articles, and supplement the literature with fresh first-hand experience. For example, show Puyi leaving the palace. In this incident, three people’s memories of the event were used to provide the audience with a different perspective to understand this historical event."
Data map: Childhood photos of the last emperor Puyi.
Photo courtesy of Jia Yinghua
The three exhibition halls of the West Yanchi Tower, the Main Tower and the East Yanchi Tower in the entire Meridian area correspond to the three historical periods of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, and the modern and contemporary. At the same time, it introduces the planning, layout, architecture, and court of the Forbidden City with 18 historical nodes. Life, as well as the general situation of construction and protection.
The audience walked 256 meters from west to east to appreciate the "time" and "emptiness" of the Forbidden City.
Zhang Jie revealed that, in fact, this exhibition is just a "preface". The entire Forbidden City is a huge "exhibition hall". The audience can also find 9 "landmark" buildings in it to complete the check-in, and watch while walking to appreciate the unique charm of this city. .
The picture shows the audience visiting the "bright yellow satin embroidered rattan pattern folder shirt (Qing Guangxu)".
Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The theme of the Xiyanchi Tower exhibition hall is "the palace and the city as one". Through the three historical nodes of "1406•Yongleying Beijing", “1420•Forbidden City completion”, and “1535•Qin'an Temple Fengdao” three historical nodes, telling the story of the construction of the Beijing Palace The prologue, the completion and the changes in the layout of the Forbidden City in the Ming Dynasty.
The theme of the exhibition hall of the main building of the Meridian Gate is "Tolerance is great", through "1655•Reconstruction of Kunning Palace", "1695•Reconstruction of the Hall of Supreme Harmony", "1723•Incorporated into the Hall of Nourishment of the Heart", and "1738•Change to Ganxi Five historical nodes, "1776•Building Ningshou Palace", “1859•Connecting Changchun Palace”, “1902•Rebuilding Wuying Palace”, and “1909•Exploring Lingzhao Xuan”, telling the story of the ten emperors of the Qing Dynasty It satisfies the needs of its functions such as administration, sleeping and living, and rebuilds or rebuilds without changing the overall layout, forming the basic pattern of today's Forbidden City.
The picture shows the audience visiting the "Zhu Zhanji Traveling Music Picture Roll (Ming Xuande)" Photo by China News Agency reporter Du Yang
The theme of the exhibition hall of the East Yanchi Building is "Endless Life", through "1914•The First Opening of the Forbidden City", "1925•Building Museum", "1933•Wartime Antiquities", "1949•Refurbishment Team", and "1961" The seven historical nodes of “National Insurance Award”, “1987•Treasures Listed in the World” and “2002•A Centennial Overhaul” were first recommended in the year. They described the south relocation of the Forbidden City cultural relics and the surveying and mapping of the central axis that occurred after the former palace became a museum.
A large number of old photographs and images, historical archives and physical exhibits show the achievements and development process of the Palace Museum in various aspects since its establishment.
Wang Xudong, the director of the Palace Museum, said that the completion of the Forbidden City is not only a manifestation of the will of the country, but also the crystallization of the wisdom of working people from different regions and different nationalities. It is a master of ancient Chinese architectural concepts.
I hope that through this exhibition, the audience can have a deeper and comprehensive understanding of the former Forbidden City.
It is reported that the exhibition will last until November 15.
(Reporter: Ying Ni)