Does Derrida really claim that there is no reality outside the text?
ANSWER: No, that would be pure nippran.
The famous wording reads in the original "Il n'y a pas de hors-texte" - that is, "there is no outside text".
The common translation "There is nothing outside the text" is incorrect, but almost everyone uses it.
The sentence is found in a book called "On grammar" (the study of language in the deepest sense).
The section is about how to read and interpret a literary text.
When the author writes about "mother" then it does not refer to the reader to any real person - as the language does in most other uses.
This "mother" exists only in the text, and there is no outside text.
Complicated thinking, but not pure nipple.
Does Judith Butler really claim that not only gender but also bodily sex is socially constructed?
Answer yes.
Although she writes modestly in "Gender Struggle" that the book does not provide an answer to "whether the materiality of the body is completely constructed", she still claims that the concept of gender cannot be created without first having the concept of gender (ie about gender roles).
Against this, a realistic person could claim that the concept of sex has arisen through experience and empiricism: among mammals there are two roles in reproduction, one party contributes with the egg and one with the sperm, and that is what gender means.
Did Pharaoh Ramses II die of tuberculosis?
ANSWER: Yes, that has been clarified by examining his mummified remains.
But the eminent postmodernist critic of science Bruno Latour claimed in 1998 that Ramses II did not die of tuberculosis because the disease was not discovered in his time.
It is pure nipple - as if a disease were to arise the moment one discovers its cause - and the quote lives on only as an example of postmodernist madness.