It has been 105 years since Lu Feikui, a famous educator and general manager of Zhonghua Book Company, proposed to compile it in 1915. Counting from the publication of the first edition in Shanghai in 1936, "Ci Hai" has also gone through 84 years and is still radiating new vitality. "Is it right, check "Ci Hai"," has been deeply embedded in the reading cultural life of several generations of readers.

  On August 12, the first day of the Shanghai Book Fair, the national major cultural project "Cihai" (seventh edition) was released, which gave readers a surprise-the total number of words is about 23.5 million words, the total entries are nearly 130,000, and the pictures are more than 18,000; new More than 11,000 items (meaning items) have been added, and more than 75% of items have been revised or updated to varying degrees.

  Where is "Ci Hai" (seventh edition) new? How does "Ci Hai" persist in reform and innovation in the past century, and create exquisite masterpieces? The reporter interviewed many experts and scholars who participated in the compilation of "Ci Hai".

Repair every ten years, meticulous

  "Cihai" is the only large-scale comprehensive dictionary in my country that takes words with words, integrates the main functions of dictionary, Chinese dictionary and encyclopedia dictionary, and focuses on encyclopedia knowledge. In 1981, "Ci Hai" set the rule of "Revision in Ten Years" to closely follow the needs of social development and changes. This means that every 10 years, this comprehensive dictionary has to be added, deleted, and revised, which is rare in the dictionary world at home and abroad.

  After repeated scrutiny and advancing with the times, "Ci Hai" has thus become a landmark publication showing the soft power of Chinese culture, and has been hailed as "the archives, memorabilia and milestones of history and times."

  In April 2015, the compilation of "Cihai" (seventh edition) started. Prior to this, in the desk preparations made by the Compilation Office of the "Ci Hai" for the seventh edition of the compilation plan and the compilation manual, there were nearly 100 reports on the subject anatomy and thematic anatomy of the sixth edition of "Ci Hai" alone. Such a large-scale and systematic dissection work is the first in the history of the compilation of "Ci Hai".

  Adhering to the "Cihai Spirit" of "Meticulous, careful wording, and rigorous style", the compilation of "Cihai" (seventh edition) is based on the congratulatory letter of General Secretary Xi Jinping to the publication of "The Great Cihai" and the 80th anniversary of the first edition of "Cihai" The important instructions of strengthening cultural self-confidence, persisting in reform and innovation, and building handed down fine products" are fundamentally followed. With the care and support of the Central Propaganda Department, the State Press and Publication Administration, and the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, under the overall auspices of the editor-in-chief Chen Zhili, more than 1,000 The unremitting efforts of the editors and publishers over the past five years were officially published in August this year.

  Zhang Min, deputy editor-in-chief of Shanghai Lexicography Publishing House, told reporters that for the first time, "Ci Hai" (seventh edition) systematically included Xi Jinping’s thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era in the form of a reference book entry, which fully reflected the party’s And a series of major theoretical achievements and important development strategies of the country. At the same time, on the basis of the previous edition, appropriate adjustments were made to the subject settings, the addition and deletion of items were repeatedly demonstrated, and a large number of revisions and additions were made in terms of content. The subject structure has become more complete, and the knowledge system has become more systematic, focusing on showing the 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. , New things and new achievements in the 40 years of reform and opening up, especially the changes in the domestic and international situation and the new developments in politics, economy, society, science, and culture in the past 10 years.

  For example, "Cihai" (seventh edition) added new subjects such as transportation science, energy science, material science, environmental science, etc., making the subject system more scientific and complete; it is more important for economics, management, law, aerospace, Receipts for information science, life sciences and other disciplines have been systematically enhanced. Some of these disciplines have added more than 80% of new items, making the internal structure of the discipline more reasonable and coordinated, and able to reflect new things, new developments, and new trends in all aspects in a timely manner .

These new entries leave the footprints of the times

  Every step of history and time left their footprints in "Ci Hai". "Ci Hai" keeps voicing the old and adding new things, correcting mistakes, and continuously introducing new things and new knowledge.

  "Cihai" (seventh edition) contains more than 18,100 single-character prefixes (with more than 4,400 traditional and variant characters), nearly 200 more than the previous edition; more than 11,000 new entries (meaning items), and entries deleted (Meaning items) There are more than 6,000 items, totaling nearly 130,000; the number of words is 23.5 million words, which is nearly 1 million more than the previous edition; there are more than 18,000 pictures, more than 2,000 more than the previous edition. Through the addition and deletion of entries and the revision of interpretations, we strive to achieve the goal of the revision and compilation of "Ci Hai" that keeps pace with the times and is more perfect.

  "Reflecting the spirit of the times and embodying the characteristics of the times are the most distinctive features of the new version of "Ci Hai"." Li Na, director of the Social Science Office of the Ci Hai Compilation Office, introduced that "Ci Hai" (seventh edition) is included in the collections and interpretations of various related disciplines. It fully reflects the great achievements of the party and the country in the construction of political, economic, cultural, social, and ecological civilization in the past ten years, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. It demonstrates Chinese practice and expresses Chinese discourse.

  For example, in military disciplines, "Military Commission Chairman Responsibility System", "Military Commission Management, War Zone Main Battle, Service Main Construction", "Chinese People's Liberation Army Rocket Force", "Chinese People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force" have been added, and the original items have been comprehensively reviewed. Revised. In the discipline of law, the "Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China" was added, and the new and important spirit of the "Constitution Amendment of the People's Republic of China" passed in March 2018 was included in the "Constitution of the People's Republic of China" entry interpretation.

  In the subject of Chinese geography, "Xiong'an New Area", "Yongshu Jiao", "Huangyan Island" and "Chiwei Island" have been added. Astronomy has added the "500-meter spherical radio telescope", the world's largest radio telescope, which was opened in 2016 and opened in China. In space science, the entry "Chang'e Series Lunar Probes" supplemented the content of the Chang'e-4 probe in 2019 for the first time that humans landed on the back of the moon. The architectural discipline added the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, which opened in 2017. Science and technology, philosophy and social sciences also have a large number of new entries. Such as 5G, gravitational waves, Internet of Things, big data, quantum communication, extraterrestrial civilization, biological mutation theory, web publishing, self-media, news clients, etc.

  On the basis of the "Cihai" (Sixth Edition), this revision will also conduct a comprehensive review of the original interpretation again. According to the changes in actual conditions and the progress of academic research, a large number of content updates and interpretation adjustments have been made. For example, the "winding" bar originally stated as "the moon phase of the semicircle on the right side of the moon can be seen on the earth". This is true for observers in the northern hemisphere, but the opposite is true for observers in the southern hemisphere. This time it is modified as "the half-circle of the moon facing west is visible on the earth." At the same time, some items such as over-speciality, clear meaning, repetition and obsolescence, or low inspection rate were deleted.

According to the needs of readers, the online version will be launched soon

  "Ten years to sharpen a sword." The compiling work of striving for perfection has made the disciplinary framework of "Cihai" (seventh edition) more perfect and a whole new look. For example, in economics, the sub-disciplines of "Regional Economics" and "Labor Economics" were added, and the contents of sub-disciplines such as finance, taxation, and statistics were strengthened, and "hedge funds", "third-party payments" and "cross-border e-commerce" were added. "Crowdfunding", "Bitcoin" and other items.

  In terms of improving the structure and content of the humanities, this revision also has new progress. For example, the Eastern European literature part of foreign literature has increased by about 40%. The system adds the entry of "Overseas Chinese Scholars", which further enriches the related content of "Cihai". The subject of Chinese historical geography absorbed the research results of unearthed documents in recent years, and added items (meaning items) of Qinjun such as "Dongting", "Jianghu", "Jimo", and "Hewai".

  In sync with the paper version, the online version of "Cihai" (seventh edition) developed and constructed by Century Publishing Group and Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House will be launched for trial operation. The reporter found out that the online version contains entries, pictures, and videos at the Shanghai Book Fair, and all the content included in "Cihai" can be displayed by entering the entry to be queried. Through exploring to establish entry associations, construct a knowledge map, which is convenient for users Carry out content development and knowledge discovery. The online version can be used in computer webpages, mobile applications and WeChat official accounts, and it can be called "Cihai" that you carry with you.

  When inquiring, in addition to strokes, radicals, structures, interpretations, etc., you can also hear the pronunciation through "Read aloud", and click "Stroke Order" to automatically display the stroke order. The "Source of Chinese Characters" part contains ancient characters such as oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions, showing the early forms and evolution of Chinese characters. Click on "Calligraphy" to enjoy more than 160,000 calligraphy works by more than 2,000 famous artists in the past, which not only shows the various calligraphy styles of Chinese characters, but also brings users a higher art of calligraphy. According to the on-site staff, the online version of "Cihai" (seventh edition) has also added a large number of pictures, audios, and videos, and produced a large number of 3D dynamic models to visually display ancient creatures, historical buildings and some celestial bodies. Presents a more multidimensional and three-dimensional encyclopedia content. Readers can log in to the experience by scanning the QR code on "Cihai" (seventh edition), and purchasing the paper version will give away 5 years of online version use rights.

  Moving forward with the times, changing in response to user needs, strengthening cultural self-confidence, and building handed down boutiques, the centuries-old "Cihai" has kept pace.

(Our reporter Yan Weiqi and Han Han)