Since August, Inner Mongolia, which is located in northern Xinjiang, has accumulated 2 deaths from the plague.
News review:
On August 2, a death case occurred in Wendu Village, Suji New Village, Shibao Town, Damao Banner, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, which was determined by nucleic acid testing, gene sequencing testing and epidemiological investigations by the two-level CDCs in Inner Mongolia and Baotou. The deceased died of enteric plague;
On August 6th, at Shadege Sumu Picti Gacha, Urad Front Banner, Bayannaoer City, a patient died of multiple organ failure. After consultation with the expert group, it was determined that the deceased died of bubonic plague.
In accordance with the relevant requirements for the prevention and control of the plague in Inner Mongolia, the two places issued a plague level III warning as soon as possible, and the warning lasted until the end of 2020. At the same time, 42 (35 in Damao Banner and 7 in Urad Front Banner) close contacts were concentrated. Isolate for medical observation, and implement blockade and isolation of the deceased’s residence and surrounding areas, complete elimination of fleas and rodents.
Up to now, all close contacts and surrounding residents have no abnormal symptoms such as fever, and the plague nucleic acid test results are all negative.
Event progress:
In view of the current situation of plague prevention and control, Urad Central Banner, Bayannaoer City, issued an announcement of rewards for plague prevention and control clues. From now until December 31, 2020, medical institutions at all levels (including individual clinics, pharmacies), first-visit doctors, and the masses have found fever patients, sudden death patients, and suspected plague patients from the foci (endemic area), or have been in contact with them Self-dead rats, diseased hares, marmots, foxes and other wild animals, accompanied by sore throat, fever, and lymphadenopathy, should report to the CDC and hospital in time. Medical institutions who report suspected plague patients will be rewarded 200,000 yuan; first-visit doctors who report suspected plague patients will be rewarded 50,000 yuan; people who report suspected plague patients will be rewarded 10,000 yuan.
Report telephone: 0478-5912787, 0478-5912457.
plague:
Plague is a severe infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis infection. It is a Class A infectious disease among legal infectious diseases in my country, and ranks first among legal infectious diseases. Plague is mainly prevalent among rodents. Rats and marmots are natural reservoirs of Yersinia pestis, and rat fleas are the transmission media.
Review of the epidemic history of plague:
Plague is an ancient infectious disease, and there have been three pandemics in human history.
The first plague pandemic Justinian rat plague began in the middle of the 6th century and disappeared in the 8th century, claiming hundreds of millions of lives in Europe and Asia.
The second plague pandemic began in the middle of the 14th century and lasted 300 years. The European continent loses a third to half of its population.
The third plague pandemic began in Yunnan and Mumbai in the second half of the 19th century, and finally converged in Northern Manchuria (Puppet Manchukuo) and broke out. Later, there was the Shanxi plague, the second plague in Northeast China, and the plague in other parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. They disappeared until the 1930s, and tens of millions of people died of the plague worldwide.
my country is one of the countries deeply affected by the plague. After the founding of New China, the plague was effectively controlled. However, due to different types of plague foci still exist in many provinces and regions in my country, sporadic cases have occurred in recent years.
Characteristics of plague:
The onset is rapid, the course of the disease is short, the mortality rate is high, the infectiousness is strong, and the transmission speed is fast.
Especially septic plague and pneumonic plague, if left untreated, the fatality rate is 30%-100%. The incubation period of plague is generally 1-6 days, and individual cases can reach 8-9 days.
The spread of plague:
Sources of infection: rodents and rodents, of which Rattus norvegicus and Yellow-breasted rats are the main sources of infection. Wild foxes, wild wolves, wild cats, hares, camels and sheep may also be sources of infection. The patient is the source of infection of the pulmonary plague.
way for spreading:
1. Spread by rat flea bites
Rat and flea bites are the main way of transmission, which can transmit pathogens (Yersinia pestis) to humans, forming a "rodent→flea→human" transmission mode.
2. Respiratory tract infection
The patient's respiratory secretions carry a large amount of Yersinia pestis, which can spread from person to person through droplets, and can cause a pandemic of human plague.
3. Spread through the skin
The damaged skin and mucous membranes of healthy people come into contact with the patient's pus and blood, sputum, or the skin and blood of diseased animals, and infection occurs.
Population susceptibility
The crowd is generally susceptible. Field workers, people who have close contact with marmots or depilators, and herders are high-risk groups. After plague infection, lasting immunity can be obtained, and certain immunity can be obtained by vaccination.
Clinical manifestations of plague infection:
According to clinical manifestations and disease characteristics, the plague can be divided into bubonic plague, pneumonic plague, septic plague and other types of plague.
Plague:
High fever and chills, accompanied by nausea and vomiting, headache and limb pain, facial flushing, conjunctival hyperemia, skin and mucous membrane bleeding, etc., mostly manifested as swelling and rapid development of lymph nodes in the groin, armpits and neck. The lymph nodes will soon become suppurative and ulcerated after a week .
Pneumonic plague:
Acute onset, chills and high fever, headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, purple lips, cough and mucous membranes or bloody foamy sputum, often death due to heart failure, hemorrhagic shock
Sepsis Plague:
High fever and chills, unconsciousness and coma, and then develop septic shock, diffuse intravascular coagulation and extensive skin hemorrhage and necrosis
How to prevent plague:
Develop good personal hygiene habits, try to avoid going to epidemic areas and spots, and go to designated medical institutions in time if you have fever, cough and other related symptoms;
Strictly follow the requirements of the "Three Nos and Three Reports" for plague prevention and control, minimize contact with wild animals when traveling, and do not hunt or prey on the focus of the animal, or carry the focus of the animal and its products out of the epidemic area. ; The discovery of sick (dead) marmots and other animals should be reported, suspected plague patients should be reported, patients with unexplained high fever and sudden death should be reported. At the same time, take measures to prevent flea bites and avoid flea bites. Field workers must raise their awareness of plague prevention and strengthen personal protective measures.
The general public must rationally understand and respond to the plague epidemic in a scientific manner, and do not believe, spread or spread rumors. (Headquarters CCTV reporter Liu Xiaobo Xiu governs the country)