In August 2014, the 92-year-old Ye Yuliang answered the phone at his home in Beijing. Ye Yuliang was a member of the Anti-Japanese Killing Group. He was arrested and imprisoned by the Japanese army. He was rescued and released after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Cheng Gong Photography

  ▌Zhang Shuanglin

  During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chinese agents operating behind enemy lines carried out a series of operations to assassinate Japanese and puppets, effectively cooperating with the frontal battlefield, and performing guerrilla warfare, mine warfare, and tunnel warfare behind enemy lines. At that time, the city of Beiping was no exception in an enemy-occupied area. The anti-Japanese gangsters active in Beiping city frightened the big and small traitors and the Japanese invaders. We will never forget their heroic deeds.

  The copper button blocked a shot for Zhou Zuoren

  The traitors who surrendered to the enemy during the Anti-Japanese War included big traitors such as Puyi, Wang Jingwei, Chen Gongbo, and Zhou Fohai, and some self-willing traitors; there were "Wuhan traitors" who evolved from old warlords like Qi Xieyuan, and others like Zhou Zuoren. Such "traitors" who voluntarily attached themselves to the enemy. Eliminating these traitors is one of the important issues in the War of Resistance. Since the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, the Nationalist Government has established a special organization dedicated to eliminating traitors, and many enthusiastic youths have also spontaneously organized to assassinate traitors.

  In Peking, the first big city to fall after the "July 7 Incident," the anti-Japanese war was not extinguished because of Song Zheyuan’s 29th Army withdrawing. There have been many spontaneously organized small groups to clear out traitors in the ancient capital. The Anti-Japanese Killing and Traitor Group with college and middle school students as the main body left an epic but tragic page in the history of the War of Resistance Against Japan.

  According to historical records, the Anti-Japanese Killing Group was founded in Tianjin and later spread to Peking. The Beiping Anti-Japanese Killing Troupe, with Beiman Middle School and Yuying Middle School as the main group, has made great achievements in history. After 1949, Beiman Middle School was called Beijing Girls’ 12th Middle School and Beijing 166 Middle School; Yuying Middle School was renamed No. 25 Middle School after 1949. Both schools are located in the north of Dengshikou Main Street in Dongcheng. The members of the Anti-Japanese Killing Troupe were mainly high school students with good character and academics, and they were children from relatively good backgrounds, most of whom were born in poetry and literature. Probably influenced and educated by traditional culture, these children are full of hatred for the Japanese invaders and practice the concept of "the Han and thieves are not coexisting". In Beiping, almost every active traitor was included in their blacklist, including Zhou Zuoren, Wang Yitang, Kawashima Fangzi, and the president of the Peking Chamber of Commerce Leng Jiaji.

  Zhou Zuoren is relatively low-key among the traitors in Peking. He is not like other traitors, but because he has lived in Japan for many years and is deeply influenced by Japanese culture, he has a deep affinity for pro-Japanese and Japanese traitors, and he also covets a comfortable life. Drinking bitter tea in Kuyuzhai, and a Japanese wife gesticulates behind her back, so she became a desperate traitor. In view of Zhou Zuoren's special status and his special role for the Japanese invaders, getting rid of him is naturally an important task of the anti-Japanese killing group.

  At the end of December 1938, the four members of the murder group from Tianjin went to the old house of Zhou in Badaowan, Xizhimen, Xicheng to assassinate him. On this day, Zhou Zuoren was meeting guests at home, talking about Japan-China goodwill, Japan-China same texts and other misconceptions, and also replaying the clichés of saving the country. Four members of the murder squad claimed to be students of Tianjin Sino-Japanese Middle School and came to ask Zhou Zuoren to approve to study in Japan. During this nationwide war of resistance, Zhou Zuoren was very happy to hear that there were still people who wanted to study in Japan. One of them, Li Rupeng, pretended to take the letter of introduction brought by the school, took out a pistol and shot Zhou Zuoren. Zhou Zuoren immediately fell to the ground and died. After several other members shot Zhou's guest, they immediately evacuated the scene.

  As Zhou Zuoren was wearing a thick cotton-padded jacket, and the bullet hit the brass buttons of his clothes, he suffered only minor injuries. After the incident, he was in shock and never dared to participate in pro-Japanese activities publicly. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison by the National Government.

  Yoshiko Kawashima was the fourteenth character of Prince Su in the late Qing Dynasty. He was pro-Japanese since he was a child, and regarded allegiance to the emperor as a bounden duty. He was the craziest female traitor during the Anti-Japanese War. Unlike other traitors, she publicly clamored for traitorousness and never concealed her purpose of traitorousness. She also vigorously advocated killing and arresting people in order to stabilize "North China law and order." On her birthday in 1939, Yoshiko Kawashima celebrated her fortune. In order to make money, the big and small traitors from Peking Pear Gardens also came to join in. They booked the second floor for Yoshiko Kawashima at the Auspicious Theater and invited Yan Ju Peng and Fang Huizhu to the same parents. Taiwan performing arts. There was probably a traitor who reported the news. Yoshiko Kawashima slipped away within half an hour. When Ye Yuliang, a member of the Peking Killing Group, was chasing out, she had already gotten into the car and ran away. Ye Yuliang personally killed the Director of the General Construction Administration, but he went forward to make up for it twice after being shot by someone else. Later, after Liu Yongkang, a member of the murder group, was arrested, the traitor found a list of Ye Yuliang's name on him. Within a few days, Ye Yuliang and his companions were arrested when they were drawing up and studying the route to assassinate the Japanese and puppets. They were not rescued until the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.

  After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yoshiko Kawashima was sentenced to death by the National Government and executed in Peking First Prison.

  The iron-blooded gangster achieved remarkable results

  During the rule of the Japanese and puppets, the traitors in Peiping area were very active. They established "Provisional Government", "Peace Salvation Congress", "Xinmin Association" and other traitor organizations. The leaders of these organizations were Wang Kemin, Tang Erhe, Wang Yitang, Zhu Shen, Qi Xieyuan and others have been listed as assassination targets by the Anti-Japanese Killing Group. The members of the Anti-Japanese Killing Group were mostly passionate youths who had not received formal assassination training, so many assassination operations ended in failure.

  On March 28, 1938, the assassination of Japanese "consultants" Eiji Yamamoto and Wang Kemin at the east entrance of Cinder Alley, Mishi Street, Dongcheng, was successful. At that time, Eiji Yamamoto was assassinated and died, but Wang Kemin was only slightly injured. However, Wang Wen, Lan Zichun and others who participated in the assassination were not anti-Japanese murderers, but military commanders. They have assassination expertise and have received rigorous training, so they can "get it right." After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Kemin was arrested and committed suicide in prison.

  On July 7, 1940, the Peking Traitors held the "Three Anniversary of Victory of the Imperial Army's Holy War" in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City. The big and small traitors in Peking City gathered here. Among them, the pseudo "Xinmin Daily" editor-in-chief Wu Juchi was the most crazy. Shouting "Long live the imperial army" and wishing the emperor "Longevity without borders" aroused the indignation of the anti-Japanese killing group. After the meeting, Feng Yunxiu, a member of the Traitor Group, shot Wu Juchi to death outside the Xihua Gate of the Forbidden City. The citizens of Peking rejoiced and greatly destroyed the power of traitors.

  From 1937 to 1945, the pursuit and killing of traitors became the main tune in the anti-Japanese struggle in Peking. Among them, the "iron and blood hoeing group" composed of professionals achieved remarkable results. According to the records of "The Anti-Japanese War of Peking in the Archives", the goal of the hoeing group was very clear, including traitors Tang Erhe, Wang Shijing, Miao Bin, Qi Xieyuan, as well as some traitors and Japanese spy chiefs, such as Sugiyama Yuan (Japanese invasion of North China). Commander of the Chinese Army), Kita Makoto, etc. The execution of the traitor Liu Yishi was quite thrilling.

  Liu Yishi was a traitor from the Lanyi Society. Influenced by his traitor father, he defected to the enemy and provided the Japanese military police with a lot of information about the Lanyi Society iron-blooded gang. On October 26, 1939, Liu Yishi was shot dead on the road between the Central Hospital of Xisixi and the Imperial Temple. The assassin Li Duo hid in the Xishiku Church after completing his mission. However, due to the betrayal of the French nuns in the church, Li Duo was arrested. Under severe torture, Li Duo confessed Hou Qinfeng, Yang Guangsen and others. The case really made the Japanese puppets panic. When the case was cracked, Japanese consultants Yamada and Okano personally commanded, and the so-called "inner six districts" police chiefs and leaders were dispatched. The whole incident is more exciting than TV dramas and novels, and the archives of the whole incident are preserved intact, including the incident and the confessions of the arrested persons.

  "The Emperor's Envoy" was killed in the street

  Organizations such as the iron-blooded gangs are more interested in military and political leaders who assassinate Japanese invaders. On November 29, 1940, the incident in which the military commander Ma Jingxian assassinated the Japanese emperor's "special envoy" Takatsuki and Moriyuki near the roots of the East Imperial Palace was a sensation that year. Although these two Japanese chieftains are only adjudicators, their identities are "Emperor's Special Envoys" who came to China to supervise the implementation of the "Sanguang" policy, so killing them is of great significance. After coming to China, they lived in the iron lion alley. In addition to spending time and wine, their greatest pleasure was to go to the Japanese gendarmerie in Fuxue alley to watch the tortured criminals. Moans and wailing sounds are their favorite music, and the smell of burning people with a red soldering iron is also their favorite smell. Such evil people, it is only natural to hoe them.

  On November 29th, as usual, Gao Yue and Sen Yin rode a tall horse to the street after breakfast. They mistakenly thought that Peking was Tokyo, they talked and laughed and were very happy. At nine o'clock in the morning, a cyclist suddenly took a gun and shot behind them, killing Gao Yue and wounding Sen Yin on the spot, and then drove away. According to the book "Eight Years of the People's War of Resistance in Peking": "After the incident, the Japanese puppet military police constitutionally dispatched in the city. Martial law was enforced at each city gate, searched everywhere, and a reward of 50,000 yuan was offered to capture the murderer. As witnesses called the murderer's face There was a pockmark on it, and it was caught in the city of Beiping for a while. Ma Jingxian hid in his relatives' house outside the city for many days, then was arrested and killed."

  According to the file information, Ma Jingxian is not Mazi. He has "slender thighs, high cheekbones, pointed jaw, slightly wider distance between eyebrows and eyes, and pale face". Mazi's statement is based on the testimony of Fang Hongwen, the treasurer of the Hongshuncheng Coal Shop where the case occurred, and the store mates and local pseudo-police Tong Chengqi, Liu Fabi and others in the Japanese gendarmerie. In order to avoid severe beatings, they all said Mazi did it.

  This incident has dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese and the puppets. In order to manipulate public opinion, the Japanese and puppet authorities issued "Instructions on the banning and propaganda essentials of rumors in the city in the Peiping Special Region", "secret orders to ban rumors in Beijing", and inadvertently discussing Ma Jingxian Those who are less severe are "admonished" and flogged, and those who are severe are imprisoned.

  In the team fighting against the Japanese aggressors, in addition to secret agents with hidden fronts, many civilians also participated. According to the "Peking People's War of Resistance", 11 rickshaw workers used their professions to pull several Japanese soldiers who went to the Qianmen and Dongdan areas to engage in fornication in the dark and kill them all. Although they were also killed by the Japanese army, their heroic behavior gave the people of Beiping a sigh of relief.

  During the Anti-Japanese War, the peaceful ancient city of Peiping was cast a shadow. Although a series of assassinations of Japanese and puppets had little effect on turning the tide of the war, they brought hope to the people of the ancient city. On the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it is meaningful to recall these historical fragments, because it also represents the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation.