Questionnaire survey and reporter's on-site visit found
Three factors affect residents' enthusiasm for garbage classification
Zhang Shuling Zheng Ruikun
It has been more than two months since the new version of the "Beijing Municipal Waste Management Regulations" was fully implemented on May 1. Are household wastes classified smoothly? What other factors influence? Recently, the newspaper designed and put in questionnaires for investigation, and conducted on-site visits based on the problems reflected by residents. It was found that there are still three major factors that affect the trouble of putting food waste and broken bags, uneven waste classification, and unreasonable regular delivery. The enthusiasm of household waste sorting.
The questionnaire survey shows:
Garbage classification further
Measures should be more humane
In order to understand the progress of domestic waste classification and combine the hot issues of citizens, this newspaper uses a questionnaire survey to widely collect the citizens' personal experience of waste classification and the problems they encounter, to sort out and discuss related solutions. From July 15th to July 18th, the newspaper retrieved more than 300 valid questionnaires. Participants covered various urban areas in Beijing, including Shijingshan District, Haidian District and Xicheng District.
Statistics show that the vast majority of participants and their families can consciously classify waste, and the proportion of households that have already sorted waste is 81.67%. 79.33% of the respondents indicated that the residential area has started garbage classification. 70.33% of the respondents think that waste classification is not difficult.
However, 29.67% of the interviewees believe that there are still some difficulties in achieving strict subdivision of garbage classification, and hope that the street office, neighborhood committee or property company should further refine the work.
The survey shows that there are currently three main factors that affect the enthusiasm of household waste classification: the first is "kitchen waste broken bags, operation troubles are still dirty", 52.33% of the respondents voted. The second is "Look at the fact that others are not classified and feel that they have lost their points", accounting for 46.33%. The third is "irrational design of fixed-time delivery", accounting for 33%. In addition, many interviewees left messages, reflecting other issues such as the unreasonable setting of classified garbage bins in the community and the irregular classification of garbage.
Regarding whether they have mastered the waste classification knowledge and whether the community has conducted waste classification training, 56.67% of the interviewees said that the relevant property departments of the community, street offices, neighborhood committees and other relevant departments have conducted waste classification guidance or training, and they know how to proceed Garbage classification. 11.33% of the respondents indicated that they had posted a waste sorting leaflet in the community, and residents would consciously carry out classified placement according to the icons on the leaflet. However, 32% of the interviewees said that the communities where they live did not provide relevant guidance or training on waste classification knowledge, and residents were not sure how to classify waste.
Influence factor one
"Broken bags of food waste are too troublesome"
Since May 1 this year, this newspaper has received many calls from citizens, reflecting the problems related to broken bags of food waste in the garbage classification. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that 52.33% of the residents reported that their communities demanded that food waste be broken, but they encountered a lot of troubles when breaking the bags, and called on the relevant departments to find a solution.
The reporter went into some communities to investigate and found that the practice of requiring "broken bags" exists in many communities. In order to serve and supervise the release of kitchen waste and broken bags, many communities have also specially dispatched a lot of manpower to perform on-site duty.
At 17:00 on July 12, the reporter came to Fangtingyuan Community of Zhuangsheng Phase II in Xicheng District. As soon as we entered the west gate of the community, the reporter saw a sorted trash can in front of a residential building on the right, green barrels for kitchen waste, blue barrels for recyclables, and black barrels for collecting other trash. Along the south-north main road in the community, came down to the southernmost residential building. The reporter saw a sorter in a yellow vest busy with tidying up the trash cans: she lifted the lid of the kitchen waste cans, stood on tiptoe, and looked up Enter the trash can, and use both hands to pull out the small paper balls and plastic bags in the trash can. A group of flies “buzz” around the trash can. "It smells so bad," she said.
The garbage sorter said that food waste needs to be thrown in bags, and garbage bags, napkins, plastic bags, plastic boxes, etc. have to be picked out, "I can't be fine if I don't pick them up."
Some residents report that it is easy to get dirty hands when throwing broken bags of food waste. "The hands are covered with greasy, the lid of the trash can is flipped over and over again, the smell is very bad, and it also attracts a lot of mosquitoes. The residents on the first floor are afraid to open window."
Ms. Su, 53 years old, told reporters that it is fine to put broken bags of food waste in winter, but the temperature in summer is high, rotten leaves, melon peel, and leftovers are easy to rot. Put the broken bags in the trash and ferment at high temperature The swill of water is pungent, which not only attracts mosquitoes and flies, but also easily stains the trash bin. "Especially when dumping the trash, the greasy soup is full of hands, and there is no place to clean it, which is a headache." She suggested setting it next to the trash can station Wash basins, or put wipes and alcohol disinfectant, "In fact, if the relevant departments can provide foot-operated garbage cans, or use degradable plastic bags to pack kitchen waste, this can solve the big problem."
"The waste sorting process should be as simple as possible and easy to operate, so that everyone can share it easily and pleasantly, so as to promote it." Resident Mr. Li believes that if the waste sorting operation is complicated, even if everyone can be stared at to break the bag, but once it is sorted When the instructor is off work, some people will also put the bag in hand. In the long run, it is difficult to guarantee the results of garbage classification.
Some residents suggested that after putting the food waste in bags, they should be automatically transported to the garbage disposal station, and then be automatically broken, cleaned and collected by machinery and equipment. "This is not a problem for related manufacturers. "
Influence factor two
"Look at others not classified,
I feel like I'm in vain"
According to the survey results, 46.33% of the respondents believe that they had originally classified garbage, but when they put it in, they found that others did not sort it. "Garbage is still mixed, and I feel that I am white."
Mr. Wu, a resident of Jinyayuan Community who lives in Haidian, reported that the garbage classification in the community was not performed well, no one looked at the trash can, the residents did not classify, and the garbage was thrown away. "We are categorized at home consciously. When throwing kitchen waste, we see a lot of plastic bags in the trash. Other trash cans are also filled with recyclable items such as plastic bottles and packaging boxes, and I feel that I am white. "Mr. Wu told reporters that he observed garbage bins for a few days, and the bins were filled with garbage. "I hope that the neighborhood committee or the property company will send people to sort the garbage."
During the interview, the reporter was informed that the factor of "feeling like I'm in vain" has affected many residents' enthusiasm for waste sorting.
At a garbage disposal site in the northeast corner of Chunshuyuan Community in Xicheng District, the reporter saw that in addition to watermelon peel, leftovers and other food waste in the food waste bin, several mineral water bottles were lying. According to the classification regulations, these plastic bottles should be thrown into the blue trash cans with "Recyclables". In addition, recyclables such as cartons and plastic bottles are thrown in the garbage cans that house other garbage, and some other garbage is thrown in the recyclable garbage cans.
"You see this trash bin, you should put food waste, but this plastic bottle is also thrown in." Ms. Sun, a resident, took the children and put two bags of trash in each hand. Seeing that there were still neighbors that were not sorted, Sun The lady complained to the child. Another resident also complained to reporters: "I divided it. When throwing garbage, I see other people throwing it. I am very angry and will follow the throwing."
There is also a group of classified garbage bins in the northwest gate of the community. The reporter saw at the scene that several residents walked out of the residential building with garbage bags, two residents dumped the garbage bags with food waste in their hands, and the young man walking at the end was Throw the garbage bag in your hand into the garbage can marked with "kitchen waste". After the young man left, an old man wearing a garbage classification guide employee card held an iron bar, hooked out the garbage thrown by the young man, and swilled the water on the barrel wall, the ground and the old man's clothes. on. After the reclassification, the old man wiped the stain with a towel.
"Why didn't you just remind him of the classified release?" the reporter asked the old man. "I always reminded before that some people listened, some people didn't listen to it several times, and others said unpleasant things." Slowly, the old man stopped reminding, "I'm still a little more troublesome and I don't want to listen to unpleasant things. ."
Influence factor three
Timed fixed-point recycling
Inconvenience
According to the questionnaire survey, 33% of the respondents believe that the garbage bins in the community will be removed and stand together, and they are required to put garbage on time, but the time design is unreasonable, which affects their enthusiasm for garbage classification.
"Getting up in the morning and throwing garbage, I discovered that someone had locked the trash can with an iron chain. Many trash bags were thrown directly under the trash can." Ms. Sun, a resident of a community on the south side of No. 1 Majuqiao Bridge, Tongzhou District, told reporters The community started garbage classification, and the neighborhood committee also distributed classified garbage bins for each household. Everyone has a lot of enthusiasm to participate in garbage classification. However, the community started to collect garbage at a fixed time, and the garbage bins were locked for the rest of the time, which caused many residents It’s difficult to accept, “At first there was no notice. Many residents threw garbage before going to work and found that a row of garbage bins were all chain-locked. Some owners also sent photos of the locked garbage bins to the owners’ group.”
Another 33-year-old Ms. Wu believes that recycling garbage is not conducive to young families to carry out waste sorting. "The community collects garbage every day from 7 to 9 in the morning and from 6 to 8 in the afternoon. We get up and go to work at more than 5 in the morning. I arrived at home more than 9 o'clock and couldn't catch up with the garbage collection. I had to throw the garbage under the trash can, which made the environment of the community more messy."
Many residents suggested that the timing of garbage collection should be extensively solicited from residents, especially office workers, “don’t let them fall down by garbage classification.”
The Maohua Jinggong Pavilion, Jinggong Mansion and Jinggongyuan, located in the Times Garden in Shijingshan District, implement mobile garbage trucks and measures to put in garbage for a limited time. Since June, the resident Mr. Bai has continuously reported that some residents threw garbage on the ground after the fixed garbage bins were withdrawn. "Many residents complained that there was no improvement." He said, "The garbage bags are piled everywhere on the roadside, which was clean. The area of the community has changed. There is no contradiction between the classification of garbage and the placement of classified garbage bins in the community. Regular collection of garbage can not be'one size fits all'."
At 18:00 on July 15th, on the north side of Building 3, Jinggong Pavilion, the reporter saw a garbage truck recycling garbage. The truck loaded with two food wastes and two other garbage bins. Recyclable garbage was collected separately. put. At this point, many residents came to throw in garbage one after another. The time for sorting garbage into the community is from 6:30 to 9:30 and 18:00 to 21:00 every day. There are three drop points in the small area, and the mobile garbage truck will stay for one hour at each drop point. In the Jinggongguan and Jinggongyuan not far from the Jinggong Pavilion, the garbage collection process is roughly the same.
A resident of Jinggongyuan reported that the dumping within a limited time caused the accumulation of garbage in the home. "If you miss it, you have to wait for the next time, and the residents will put the garbage directly on the roadside." See the phenomenon of garbage bags stacked in place.
At 17:00 on July 17th, the reporter fed back the relevant questions reflected by the residents to the Octagon Neighborhood Committee. A person in charge of the neighborhood committee responded that Time Garden has established a fixed set of trash cans on the basis of regular garbage collection at each site. Provide personalized services for residents to put in classified garbage.
Expert advice
Waste sorting solution
Should be more grounded
In response to the problems encountered by residents in the promotion of waste classification, Lou Wei, an associate researcher at the Institute of Urban Development and Environment, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that waste classification is a culture and a quality, but it should be carried out under mandatory and restrictive conditions. And step by step, "At present, we can separate kitchen waste and recyclable waste, and garbage classification has achieved great results. Next, the relevant departments should still further refine the measures to reduce the trouble for residents as much as possible and increase incentives. . The sorting measures should also be more grounded and more humane, so that waste sorting becomes a habit of all citizens faster."
Lou Wei pointed out that through vigorous propaganda some time ago, residents have gradually recognized the garbage classification psychologically and are willing to cooperate, but to change the old habits and develop new habits, everyone needs to pay.
Regarding the problem of broken bags of kitchen waste, Lou Wei believes that the parties concerned should not evade the real problems raised by the residents. It is fundamental to find a solution. Lou Wei suggested that garbage disposal factories can focus on breaking bags. “Communities that require broken bags to be thrown in should also respond to residents’ cries and find ways to solve the problems of garbage odor and mosquitoes. Conditional Residents can be equipped with cleaning and disinfection supplies."
As for the problems caused by fixed-time delivery, Lou Wei said, "Like Times Garden, on the basis of regular and timely garbage collection, a set of fixed-sort garbage bins are set up for residents to put in sorted garbage at irregular intervals to repair the problems encountered in the waste classification. Fill the loopholes." He suggested that community neighborhood committees or property companies can take into account the needs of residents and provide a more grounded and user-friendly waste sorting solution.