At present, my country's north and south have entered the main flood season. Affected by heavy rainfall, there have been over-alarm floods in 304 rivers this year. The current situation of flood prevention and control in the south is still grim. According to the news from the Ministry of Emergency Management on June 28, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, and other 13 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities have suffered 12.16 million people, 78 people have died and disappeared, and direct economic losses have been 25.7 billion yuan.

　　How much rain has rained across the country since the flood season this year? What is the current situation of floods in China? Where will there be heavy rainfall in the next few days? How is the flood control situation? The reporter from the Beijing News combed seven related issues and explained the domestic flood situation since the flood.

　　Follow-up question 1: What is the current situation of flooding in the south?

　　According to the news from the Ministry of Emergency Management on June 28, since June, flood disasters in southern China have caused 12.16 million disasters in 13 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, and Jiangxi, 78 deaths and disappearances, and 729,000 emergency transfers. Placement. The direct economic loss was 25.7 billion yuan.

　　At present, my country's north and south have entered the main flood season in an all-round way. Since June 2, the Central Meteorological Observatory has issued 31 days of rainstorm warning. From June 20 to July 1, the Ministry of Water Resources and the China Meteorological Administration intensively issued 10 weather warnings for mountain flood disasters.

　　Affected by rain, many domestic rivers have continued to show over-warning water levels recently. The reporter learned from the Ministry of Water Resources on July 2 that there have been over-alarm floods in 304 rivers this year. In addition, due to the inflow of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the rainfall in the reservoir area, the inflow of the Three Gorges Reservoir at 10:00 on July 2 was 50,000 cubic meters per second, which was the No. 1 flood in the Yangtze River in 2020.

　　Wang Zhangli, deputy director of the Department of Flood and Drought Disaster Prevention of the Ministry of Water Resources, said on June 30 that heavy rains and floods occurred frequently in my country this year, with many processes and large amounts of water.

　　Since the flood season this year, the flood situation in the south has been concentrated, and there are many super-alarm rivers. There were more than 40% more rivers in the country with floods above the alarm level than in the same period of the previous year. Especially in June, a total of 250 rivers with over-alarm floods occurred in the country, accounting for 92% of all over-alarm rivers, mainly concentrated in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Anhui and other places.

　　Among them, Chongqing Qi River, Sichuan Dadu River tributary Xiaojinchuan, Somo River and other over-historical floods, the flood recurrence period is more than 50 years. Affected by rainstorms and floods, floods and waterlogging disasters occurred in parts of the south, and water conservancy engineering facilities were damaged in some areas.

　Follow-up question 2: How much rain has rained across the country since the flood season?

　　Wang Zhihua, deputy director of the Emergency Disaster Mitigation and Public Service Department of the China Meteorological Administration and spokesman, introduced on July 3 that since the flood season (as of June 30), the national average rainfall was 221.4 millimeters, which was 1.6% more than the same period of the previous year. Among them, the national average rainfall in June was 112.7 millimeters, which was 13.5% more than the same period of the previous year, and the average rainfall in the southern region was 226.7 millimeters, which was 14% more than the same period of the normal year. The spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall is extremely uneven. Some areas in the south have experienced continuous and intense rainfall, and encountered relatively extreme rainstorm weather.

　　In June 2020, rainfall in many places was more than that in the same period in history and the same period in normal years. Precipitation in northeastern, northeast, southeast, northwest, Jianghuai, Jianghan, northern Jiangnan, eastern southwest, northeastern Guangxi, and central Tibet is generally 50% to double that of the same period of the previous year. Eastern Heilongjiang, most of Jiangsu, most of Anhui, Central Hubei and northern Hunan are 1 to 2 times more. The precipitation in Hubei is the most in the same period in history, Jiangsu and Heilongjiang are the most in the same period in history, and Anhui is the third most.

　　Since the flood season, heavy rains have occurred frequently in the south, and there have been 12 large-scale heavy rainfalls. Especially since June, nearly 60% of counties (cities) in the southern region have experienced heavy rain. Starting from June 2, the southern heavy rain belt has continued, and the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a rainstorm warning for 31 consecutive days.

　　Wang Zhihua said that since the flood season this year, the rainfall and rain areas have a high degree of overlap and accumulated rainfall. The rainfall intensity is strong and extreme. In addition, severe convective weather occurs frequently and the impact of disasters is severe.

　　The data shows that in June this year, the National Meteorological Department issued a total of more than 43,000 early warning information of various types of meteorological disasters through various channels. Among them, the number of early warning information issued by rainstorms and lightning has increased by about 43% over the same period of the past three years. Since the flood season, various places have jointly issued warning information on mountain flood and geological disaster meteorological risks for more than 1100 issues.

　Follow-up 3: What is the reason for the excessive rainfall this year?

　　Since June of this year, the western Pacific subtropical high (subtropical high) has continued to be strong. The lower troposphere of the northwestern Pacific has prevailed anomalous anticyclone fields. The west side of the subtropical high has guided the water vapor transport from the South China Sea and the Western Pacific to be significantly stronger, which is a continuous precipitation in the southern region. Provides sufficient water vapor conditions.

　　Secondly, the ridge line of the subtropical high was northward in early June, and the water vapor convergence was strong in southern China and southern Jiangnan, resulting in extreme precipitation in southern China and southern Jiangnan in early June.

　　After mid-June, the subtropical high rises to the north, and the ridge line position swings from north to south (the ridge line position is a key factor affecting the position of the rain belt). The southwest wind prevails from the north of the southern Jiangnan to the Huanghuai region, and the water vapor transport is strong; at the same time, the cold air in the north Frequent southwards, the heating and cooling masses converge in the northern part of Jiangnan to the Huanghuai region, resulting in continuous strong precipitation, which is obviously more.

Follow-up 4: What measures have been taken in response to flood conditions?

　　Affected by the incoming water from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and rainfall in the reservoir area, the inflow of the Three Gorges Reservoir at 10:00 on July 2 was 50,000 cubic meters per second, which was the No. 1 flood in the Yangtze River in 2020. The Ministry of Water Resources launched the level IV emergency response for flood and drought disaster prevention on the same day. At 20 o'clock on the same day, the National Defence General Administration launched a flood control level IV emergency response, and sent two working groups to Hunan, Hubei, and Anhui to assist local governments in flood prevention, flood relief, and disaster relief.

　　On June 28th, the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Emergency Management Department launched a national level IV disaster response emergency response to recent heavy rains and floods in Sichuan, Guizhou, and Hunan, and dispatched a working group to guide and assist in flood prevention and disaster relief.

　　On June 29, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Emergency Management urgently allocated 150 million yuan of central natural disaster relief funds to Sichuan, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces to support flood relief and disaster relief in the affected areas.

　　According to the information released by the Emergency Management Department on June 30, since the flood season, the Emergency Management Department has organized fire rescue teams at all levels to participate in 2609 flood relief and rescue missions, dispatched more than 28,000 firefighters to rescue and evacuate the trapped people in distress More than 34,700 people.

　　In response to the recent storms and floods in the south, the Ministry of Water Resources has set up two special classes for forecasting, early warning, and engineering scheduling to update the water regime forecast, and sent 16 working groups to Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other places to assist local governments in flood and drought disasters. defense.

　Follow-up question 5: What areas will the flood control focus on in the future?

　　In terms of flood control and disaster mitigation, China's main rain belt will still be located in the eastern part of the southwest, northern Jiangnan, Jianghan, Jianghuai to Huanghuai and other places in the next ten days. The above areas need to be protected from small and medium-sized river floods, torrential geological disasters, and urban waterlogging that may be induced by the combination of heavy rainfall. . North China, Northeast China, and North Huanghuai need to guard against the adverse effects of local heavy rainfall and strong convective weather such as thunderstorms, strong winds, and hail.

　　Starting from mid-July, the main rain belt in the eastern part of my country will gradually move northward to the areas of Huanghuai, North China, and southern Northeast, which means that the north will enter the rainfall concentration period, and the northern region needs to do a good job in flood prevention and disaster reduction.

　　Wang Zhangli introduced that entering the critical period of flood control in July and August, river floods are showing frequent and frequent trends and need to be highly concerned. According to the joint forecast of water conservancy and meteorology, there are rainy areas in the north and south of midsummer, mainly in the northern rain belt. The middle reaches of the Yellow River, the Haihenan system, the Songhua River, the Liaohe River, the Dongting Lake water system in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xijiang and Beijiang rivers of the Pearl River Basin may occur regionally. The flood control situation is not optimistic due to major floods.

　　The rainfall in the previous period was mainly in the southern region. As the subtropical high pressure moved northward in July and August, flood control in the north will be the focus, but the south cannot be ignored.

　　Liu Zhiyu, deputy director of the Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring and Forecasting Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that in July, in addition to paying attention to the impact of heavy rainfall on the Jianghuai, Huanghuai and North China areas, we must also pay attention to the impact of the typhoon system. July and August are active typhoons in China Seasonally, the proportion of typhoon landings usually accounts for 65% of the total in the second half of the year. The typhoon may affect the southeast region and the south China coast, including the Pearl River Basin, as well as the Taihu Basin and Zhejiang and Fujian. There may be a northward typhoon in midsummer affecting our country.

　　At the same time, the Ministry of Water Resources reminded that in July and August, rivers and rivers show a trend of frequent occurrence, and it is necessary to focus on preventing the three major risks of excessive floods, reservoir accidents, and mountain flood disasters.

　Follow-up 6: When is the flood control situation expected to improve?

　　It is estimated that in July, the precipitation in most parts of Northeast China, North China, Huanghuai, Northern Jianghuai, and most of Jianghan will be higher than in the same period of the previous year. Among them, precipitation in eastern Heilongjiang, eastern Jilin, southern Hebei, Shandong, northern Henan, southeastern Shanxi, most of Shaanxi, eastern Gansu, southern Ningxia, northeastern Sichuan, and southwestern Xinjiang was more than 20-50%. Precipitation in the rest of the country is close to the same period of the year, but it is less than 20% to 50% in central Jiangxi and southeastern Hunan.

　　In addition, 1-2 typhoons may land in my country's coastal areas in July, mainly concentrated in the middle and late July.

　　Chen Yu, chief of climate services at the National Climate Center, introduced that the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration and the Information Center of the Ministry of Water Resources have recently held discussions on the national climate trend in midsummer 2020 (July-August). It is expected that the Western Pacific will be in July-August this year The intensity of the subtropical high is relatively strong and the location is relatively west. The overall climatic conditions in China are biased. There are many extreme weather and climate events. Waterlogging is more important than drought.

　　The main rainy areas are expected to be located in most parts of Northeast China, North China, Huanghuai, East Northwest, Central South, West Jiangnan, and East Southwest. The temperature in most parts of the country is relatively high, and the number of high-temperature days in Jianghuai, Jianghan, and central and eastern Jiangnan is relatively high. In addition, the number of typhoons that landed in my country in the second half of the year was slightly higher than in the same period of the previous year.

　　On the evening of July 2nd, E Jingping, deputy commander-in-chief of the National Defense Ministry and Minister of Water Resources, emphasized at the meeting of the Ministry of Water Resources that there have been many rainfall processes and high intensity in the southern region recently. No. 1 floods occurred in the Yangtze River and Taihu Lake, respectively. hair. It is expected that there will be heavy rainfall in the southern and northern regions in the later period, and the flood control situation will remain severe.

Follow-up 7: How to protect yourself during the flood season?

　　According to the Meteorological Propaganda and Popular Science Center of the Central Meteorological Administration, when the public encounters waterlogging in the city, they must first pay attention to receiving warning information on heavy rain and water accumulation issued by the meteorological and water affairs departments. After receiving the warning, low-lying residential areas, shopping malls, garages, etc. should take precautionary measures in advance, and can use door panels, sandbags, etc. to build dams.

　　In particular, it should be noted that when urban waterlogging occurs, it is necessary to avoid high terrain and stay away from low-lying terrain, such as urban overpass bridges, subways, underground pedestrian passages, underground shopping malls, underground garages, etc., all areas prone to waterlogging.

　　At the same time, when urban waterlogging occurs, stay away from electricity facilities to avoid dangers caused by facility leakage. If the broken wire is caught in the ground water, it should be avoided quickly.

　　Do not walk on roads with accumulated water, pay attention to roadside flood warning safety signs, do not approach places with vortices, and prevent falling into dangerous areas such as deep wells and pits with missing manhole covers; do not risk driving the vehicle to accumulated water when driving When parking, do not park the car in a low-lying place to prevent water from entering the vehicle.

　　Don't go barefoot, don't let children play in the water. There are bacteria and foreign objects in the water, which can easily cause skin infections.

　　Beijing News reporter Huang Zhecheng Deng Qi