Help for children of drug-related personnel calls for multi-sectoral linkage
A survey by the Sichuan Provincial Drug Administration showed that the children of drug-related personnel faced many difficulties, and there were donations from the police to help
Left-behind children and their "police dad police mom" video connection.
The police from the Sixth Brigade of the Women's Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center of Guangdong Province and their entourage went to the welfare home to visit the left-behind children Xiaohao. A04-A05 version pictures/photographs from interviewees
The Beijing News (Reporter Wang Jun) reporter recently learned from the Sichuan Provincial Drug Addiction Administration that the bureau has conducted a survey on the Sichuan Judicial Administrative Drug Addiction System on Helping Underage Children of Drug Addicts (Report for short). According to the report, the number of minors under supervision in Sichuan due to parental involvement is increasing year by year. The bureau called on relevant departments to participate in the formulation of a system of multi-sectoral joint assistance to help minor children of drug-related personnel.
The underage children of drug addicts have many difficulties
According to reports, from June 2017 to June 2020, of the nearly 30,000 drug addicts who were admitted to the Sichuan Judicial Administrative Drug Addiction System, about 16,000 had a marriage history, involving underage drug addicts who were married or out of wedlock. More than 3,000 children, of which about 40% are children aged 0-7, and about 60% are children aged 7-18; children account for about two-thirds of married drug users, and children account for non-married drug users About one-third.
"A large number of drug addicts have left their minor children unattended due to drug abuse and drug treatment, which seriously affects the healthy growth of the minor children of drug addicts." The report said that the supervision and supervision of the work of underage children of drug addicts who have been deficient have received the party committee of the children of drug addicts. The government agrees with the support, but because of the greater social hazards of drug addicts, there are still many difficulties and deficiencies in helping these minors in practice.
"Although China has established a relevant legal protection system for the protection of minors, the phenomenon of drug-related illegal crimes is common among the drug addicts, and the general public generally excludes drug addicts, and the phenomenon that their minor children are discriminated and isolated exists to a certain extent. The report pointed out. According to incomplete statistics, there are a large proportion of underage children in Sichuan drug addicts who have no hukou, no fixed residence, and no dependents. The local government civil affairs department has invested a lot of money in recent years to solve this problem, but the problem is still outstanding.
Help needs to establish a stable and long-term working mechanism
In order to solve the problem of lack of supervision of underage children of drug addicts, the Sichuan Judicial Administration Department of Drug Addiction undertook the assistance of the underage children of drug addicts in the institute.
This includes the establishment of a list of minor children of drug addicts and a management account, and the inclusion of minor children of drug addicts in corresponding situations in the help list. Through the establishment of assistance funds, the formulation of assistance plans, and other forms, to ensure that unattended minor children are guarded during the period of compulsory isolation and detoxification.
However, because the relevant laws and regulations did not give the judicial administrative compulsory isolation detoxification center to undertake the work of supporting the underage children of the detoxification personnel, the work was carried out mostly because of individual cases, and the local government and the judicial administrative department also established linkage cooperation for the matter. Establish a stable long-term working mechanism, and the functions and responsibilities of all parties cannot be clearly defined at the legal level. The results of the work vary greatly. If the linkage with the local support is strong, the social effect is good. If the linkage with the local is insufficient, the results may be different, and even lead to new Contradiction.
It is also difficult without assistance funds. According to the report, the funding of the Sichuan Judicial Administrative Drug Addiction System for underage children of drug addicts mainly comes from donations from the police. Sichuan Provincial Drug Rehabilitation Administration called for strengthening the linkage of various departments to achieve policy support, information exchange, and personnel co-management with local governments to achieve greater attention and assistance. At the same time, it called on relevant departments to participate in the development of a multi-sectoral joint system to help underage children of drug-related personnel, and establish public security, judicial, civil affairs, finance, education, health, poverty alleviation and immigration, women's federations, youth league committees, customs committees, etc. A joint departmental system, coordinating multi-party personnel and property to participate in this work. In addition, it is hoped to coordinate funds for poverty alleviation, immigration, civil affairs, finance and other departments to provide financial support for the help of minor children of drug addicts.
Children of drug-related parents
In a childhood that should have been carefree, Chen Chen in the fifth grade of primary school was thinking about whether to continue studying, whether he should lighten the burden on his family and let his brother and sister go to school.
Chenchen has a special family: his father was forced to quit because of drug use, and his mother committed suicide by taking drugs. The old grandparents looked after their four younger brothers. The year before last, the uncle died unexpectedly. The aunt left home and left two cousins and cousins, making the situation of this family more difficult.
In Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan, Chenchen’s situation is not alone. As a drug-hit area, poverty and backwardness are intertwined with drug abuse. Many minor children of drug-related personnel live here. Faced with the diversity of the outside world, their childhood seemed to be trapped in the mountains.
Looking at the whole country, the problem of lack of custody of minor children of drug-related personnel is also difficult and complicated, and this marginal group has not attracted enough attention. "It's a matter of several lifetimes," said Li Yun, deputy team leader of the Sixth Brigade of Women's Compulsory Quarantine Detoxification Center in Guangdong Province.
Beijing News reporter Wang Jun
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Missing caring childhood
Chenchen is the oldest of the six children in the family, and the youngest brother is only over two years old. "If you don't pay attention, you won't know where to go." Chenchen has taken on many parents' responsibilities at home.
Grandpa and grandma are in poor health, and this is the case at home. Chenchen had the idea of not continuing to study, and this idea seemed to her to be taken for granted.
Last year, after investigating the situation of Chen Chen’s home in the Jinyang Work Station of the “Love Home” anti-drug and anti-AIDS legal service, the six police couples and 6 Chen Chen’s homes in Xinhua, Sichuan Province, were forced to isolate The siblings paired up and acted as their "police dad and police mom", and Zuo Jing acted as Chen Chen's "police mom."
During the summer vacation, the six children walked out of the Daliang Mountain for the first time and went to Mianyang to participate in the summer camp. When "police dad police mom" took them to the mall, Chen Chen was moved when he saw the children's amusement park. "I asked her to play, and I helped bring my younger brother. But the younger brother was particularly sticky, Chen Chen, and he cried after a while. At this time, I could feel that Chen Chen wanted to play, but was very sensible, so I had to put down my toys and bring me to bring The younger brother looked at the other younger brothers and sisters who were playing."
"I am also a mother, so sad." Zuo Jing said, "Your children should eat, drink and drink, and they can basically be satisfied with whatever they want, but these children have taken up the responsibility because of some reasons for their parents. Things that do not match age."
In Guangdong, Xiaohao, whose mother was forced to quit, was equally troublesome in school. Xiaohao's mother, Sun Li, worked in Guangdong. A person with Xiaohao was sent to a forced isolation detoxification center in Guangdong Province for drug use in 2017. Xiaohao, who had reached school age at that time, was sent to an orphanage because he had no hukou and no support staff.
Li Yun, deputy team leader of the Sixth Brigade of Women's Compulsory Isolation Drug Addiction Treatment Center in Guangdong Province, told reporters that there are 20% of children born out of wedlock who are admitted to the Guangdong Women's Drug Addiction Treatment Center, and 30% of them are minors.
Although there are a few cases of out-of-school, wandering, and lack of guardians, for every child, this is a lifetime matter. "It may be a matter of several lifetimes, and the help is not in place. It may be the case for their descendants." Li Yun sighed.
After communicating with the public security organs to find Xiaohao living in the welfare institution, Li Yun and his colleagues pretended to be Sun Li to visit Xiaohao. "He was very shy at first and was not very willing to contact us. After showing him his mother's photos and videos, he slowly let go and warmed up with us."
Li Yun said that most of the welfare homes where Xiaohao is located are children with intellectual disabilities, and the staff of normal children such as Xiaohao may not be taken care of. "After getting acquainted with us, we can't hug and hug tightly. Let us hug him each, maybe my mother hasn't hugged him for a long time."
For school issues, Xiaohao can only attend classes with other mentally handicapped children in an orphanage. "Sun Li was admitted for 1 year and 9 months in total. He can only be settled temporarily for Xiaohao, so that he can have a residence, and the situation of going to school cannot be compared with his peers."
Hidden psychological problems
In addition to practical difficulties, hidden psychological problems are also worrying under the iceberg.
At the end of 2018, the Anti-Drug Office of Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province had conducted comprehensive inspections for children aged 3-18 in drug-related poor families. Among the 23 children who participated in the psychological test, 7 were accompanied by moderate or severe depression symptoms, accounting for 30%, far exceeding the proportion of 3%-5% of the depression group in my country.
The thing that Zuo Jing is worried about now is that Chenchen immediately steps into puberty. What changes in his thinking? How to communicate with her?
"We talk to her, she is not like other children, she thinks about what to say, a lot of thoughts are buried in her heart." Even for the drug-using dad, Chen Chen did not complain or have too much emotion.
In Yunnan, Jing Jing of adolescence made the first rebellious behavior in life. In September 2018, just before the start of school, she ran away from home with a girl from the same village.
The forced mother, the drunken father, the elderly grandmother, who is about to be promoted to the first grade... It’s hard to say why Qing Jingjing had run away from home.
"The grandmother's phone number reached our office, saying that the little granddaughter was gone. Let's let her daughter go out." Wang Yanli, a policeman from the third compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation center in Yunnan Province, said they quickly contacted the local police station and the local police conducted a comprehensive investigation. . A week later, the police found Jingjing in the small hotel, and all his luggage and mobile phones were swindled by his companions. "It's a bad situation."
Afterwards, she went to Jing Jing's house to learn about the situation. That was the first time Wang Yanli saw Jing Jing. "Different from the kind of children in mixed society, it is a very refreshing little girl", "When you leave, you will be taken to the door, saying that you go slowly."
Less than 10 days later, Jing Jing ran away from home again.
Wang Yanli called Jing Jing, and Jing Jing kept silent for a long time, "I'm not happy anyway." "Later, she said that she felt miserable. She can understand that everyone grew up gradually after reading junior high school, and there will be contrasts. Her classmates have pick-up and drop-off with their parents, and they will inevitably be lost.
The first time he went to Jingjing's home, Wang Yanli's first feeling was "there is no home, so messy everywhere." Jing Jing’s father squatted at the door and ignored her answer. Jing Jing took her grandmother’s hand and sat on the dilapidated sofa. Talking about Jing Jing's mother, Jing Jing's father scolded, "our family's own business, it's your turn."
Once Wang Yanli talked to Jing Jing, Jing Jing said, "Sister, you can take care of my mother inside. I will try to take care of myself outside and not to worry my mother." "She said'try as far as possible', these two How many wrongs are included in the word."
"Fear of not being guided properly"
The most worrying thing about left-behind and uncontrolled children of drug-related personnel is that they follow the old path of their parents.
"They are all very simple, if there is no problem with correct guidance, the most fear is that there is no correct guidance, no one cares, and repeats the same mistakes as their parents." Zuo Jing said, "We encourage them and pay more attention to them."
In Daliangshan, where communication is poor, Zuo Jing and colleagues and children communicate in the most traditional way-letters, "I think letters can entrust more emotions." In addition, the police on the workstations visit each month At that time, they will use their mobile phones to connect to the video.
A few years ago, when the Xinhua Compulsory Drug Addiction Treatment Center in Sichuan Province admitted AIDS drug treatment personnel, Zuo Jing had seen a group of 12- to 13-year-olds among this group of people. "When they were very young, they followed their father's drug use and contracted AIDS. Grandpa's drug use, father's drug use, child's drug use, and we have seen three generations of family drug use."
Guo Baoqing, the head of the education department of Xinhua Qiang Detention Center, also mentioned that there are indeed cases where parents are involved in drug treatment and sent to drug treatment centers and prisons. "When communicating with the local public security department a few days ago, several children stole things in the county town because they were under 14 years old and were later sent to work school."
Chen Ting, a drug treatment worker Wang Yanli had previously corrected, had a long-term relationship with her parents. She was sent to a drug treatment center at the age of 16 or seven, and has since repeated over ten years.
Wang Yanli was most moved by Chen Ting’s younger brother. When he first came to see her sister, she was lying on the window sill, slowly growing her hair, and adding tattoos to her arms.
"Later, my parents divorced, my sister went in and out of the drug treatment center, my brother first fought, then took drugs, and finally wounded and put in prison after drinking."
"Out of work, within reason"
After experiencing Jing Jing's running away from home, her mother Liu Ping, who has been in drug treatment for the third time, had a psychological turnaround. "It was good to relapse before, and to go back to the strong orphanage repeatedly. Although the family didn't recognize her very much, at least no child had run away from home." Wang Yanli said.
After Liu Ping was out of the office, he always maintained his integrity and looked after Jing Jing. "Called me twice and said it was fine."
Wang Yanli worked as a police officer for 9 years in the women’s brigade, saying that she has seen all kinds of life, "drug damage to the family for many years is difficult to recover." Some people's feelings have become very indifferent, numb, and almost in a state of loss of contact with the family.
Xinhua Qiang Detention Center often has divorce proceedings. Guo Baoqing, the chief of the education department, said that the first and second drug use can still be forgiven, and only divorce in the future, so there are often courts to the court to open court. "Tension with parents and wives is normal, but children are their weakness."
Li Yun, deputy team leader of the Sixth Brigade of Women's Compulsory Isolation Center in Guangdong Province, concluded that, especially for drug addicts such as Sun Li, who raised their children alone, most of their minor children were sent to the orphanage and managed by the state. Due to the incomplete family and lack of love, they will particularly care about and miss their children. "This may be an instinct, no matter how flesh you fall from yourself."
As a drug treatment police officer, he is doing the work inside the wall, but the assistance to the minor children of drug-related personnel is related to correction work. "Family and children are all factors that affect their drug addiction. We thought about how we can help them, let them remediate here safely, complete the withdrawal successfully, and go out healthily." Li Yun said, "Help work one This is where my job is, and the second is humanitarianism."
However, the relevant laws and regulations do not give the judicial administrative compulsory isolation detoxification center to undertake the help work of the underage children of drug treatment personnel, and the work is carried out in individual cases.
This makes the help work sometimes obscure.
Li Yun admits that sometimes assistance needs multiple parties to coordinate and invest too much police force. Take Sun Li as an example, "In order to find Xiaohao, we have to contact not only the Welfare Institute, but also the Public Security Bureau, as well as the Legal Aid, Administrative Service Center and other departments. The police have to invest a lot of time to negotiate. Sometimes when contacting the relevant departments, you cannot get friendly and peaceful treatment."
"When we visited Xiaohao for the first time, because of procedural problems, we were not able to succeed, and the second time we communicated through multiple contacts." Li Yun said that these things actually belong to "outside work, reasonable" Some people are reluctant to do more work, saying that they have no right to manage, and they are unclear. At this time, the enthusiasm of the police will be consumed.
Guo Baoqing also said that the job of the drug treatment police is within the wall. Sichuan has integrated drug treatment into poverty alleviation, social governance, and public legal services. "But the police force in the Institute is limited, and we can't do anything about it."
In response, the Sichuan Provincial Drug Rehabilitation Administration urged that, starting from the actual work of the whole country and the whole system, relevant departments participate in the formulation of a system of multi-department joint assistance to help minor children of drug-related personnel, and establish public security, judicial, civil affairs, The multi-sectoral joint system of finance, education, health, poverty alleviation, women's federation, youth league committee, customs committee, and other work departments coordinated the participation of multiple parties in this work. The second is to pay attention to the top-level design and establish a support system for underage children who are out of control and out of control for special groups such as drug addicts.
Realistic problems in helping work
In addition to establishing assistance systems, more practical problems are also affecting assistance work.
Luo Huaizhong, Director of the Support Office of Sanshui Compulsory Isolation and Detoxification Center in Guangdong Province, introduced that Sanshui Institute and Dongguan, Foshan, Yunfu, and Maoming cities have carried out "local cooperation assistance stations". At present, in the above areas, cooperation has been established 18 work guidance stations.
However, the specific implementation of assistance work has a lot to do with local financial resources. "For example, Foshan now has a social worker support ratio of 30:1, and there are one full-time social worker for every 30 demobilization workers. But in some places, there is no one social worker for a town. Some local governments have a heavy burden of poverty alleviation. If you want to fully roll out these tasks, you will not be able to support your finances.
According to Zhou Li, the deputy director of the Sichuan Women's Compulsory Quarantine Center, there are deeper concerns about the follow-up assistance work for drug-related personnel-what is the scale of assistance?
She explained that Liangshan Prefecture is the hardest hit by drugs, and the drug treatment centers are helping drug-related families, but some non-drug-related families are also very difficult.
"If we give too much help to drug-related families, or if we help very often, it will have a bad impact on other villagers to a certain extent. Will they feel unfair to the law-abiding families? Why do drug-related families get more resources?"
Zhou Li believes that these are all things to be considered in the aid work. The degree of attention should be paid to try not to cause trouble to the local government.
As of the end of 2019, there were 2.148 million drug addicts in China, accounting for 0.16% of the country's total population, which was the second consecutive year of decline, down 10.6% year-on-year.
"What we see may be a simple drug addiction behavior, but there are many problems intertwined behind it, and it is necessary to clarify it bit by bit. It is not a solution to the problem of physical drug addiction withdrawal, but also to solve some deeper The problem of the level is enough." Zhou Li said.
Wang Yanli sometimes feels that the aid work is "a lot of money." "We help each year, but if the family is already missing and incomplete, the problem will be difficult to solve. The imperfect relationship is formed over a long period of time, and it will be difficult to change in one and a half."
In Daliangshan, the problem is more intertwined.
Those children who want to give up studying because of their parents have very few going out to work. Basically, they are engaged in some simple labor and continue to help bring their children at home. Zuo Jing said that although the roads and villages are now connected, they still have difficulty getting out.
"We continue to encourage them to study hard. After they have enough knowledge, they will have the opportunity to go out of Daliangshan, and then use their knowledge to give back to Daliangshan."
(Wen Zhongchen, Sun Li, Xiaohao, Liu Ping, Jing Jing, Chen Ting are all pseudonyms)