China News Service Client, Beijing, May 31 (Reporter Zhang Ni) Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 chemical components, hundreds of which are harmful substances, and at least 70 can cause cancer. Six of the top 8 causes of death worldwide are related to smoking.

　　As a major tobacco producer and consumer, what are the tobacco control challenges China is facing? What has been achieved? What other rumors about smoking do you still believe? A set of data tells you!

Information Chart Chen Chaoshe

What kind of tobacco control challenge is China facing?

　　- Chinese smokers over 300 million

　　There are more than 300 million smokers in China, accounting for one-third of the world's total smoking population. (WHO data)

　　- the annual number of deaths due to smoking more than 1 million

　　The number of deaths due to smoking in China exceeds 1 million each year, more than the combined death toll caused by tuberculosis, AIDS and malaria. (Data from National Health and Safety Commission)

　　- 15 years of age and older smoking rate was 26.6%

　　The smoking rate of people aged 15 and over in China is 26.6%, of which 50.5% are men and 2.1% are women. (2018 Chinese Adult Tobacco Survey Results)

　　- secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers was 68.1%

　　The exposure rate of second-hand smoke among non-smokers in China was 68.1%. 50.9% of indoor workers saw someone smoking in the workplace. 44.9% of the respondents reported that someone was smoking in their own home. (2018 Chinese Adult Tobacco Survey Results)

Data picture: Elementary school students demonstrate the art of smoking ban, calling on people to stay away from cigarettes. China News Agency sent Hao Qunying photo source: CNSPHOTO

　　—— The smoking cessation rate of people aged 15 and above is 20.1%

　　The smoking cessation rate of people aged 15 and over in China is 20.1%; the daily smoking cessation rate of smokers is 15.6%. 16.1% of current smokers plan to quit smoking within the next 12 months, and only 5.6% plan to quit smoking within 1 month. (2018 Chinese Adult Tobacco Survey Results)

　　- Cigarette annual 2364250000000

　　In 2019, China's cigarette production reached 2364.25 billion cigarettes, an increase of 26.691 billion cigarettes from the previous year. (Data from National Bureau of Statistics)

　　- half of smokers buy a box of cigarettes is not more than 9.9 yuan

　　50% of smokers in China spend less than 9.9 yuan on a pack of cigarettes. The cost of purchasing 100 packs of cigarettes as a percentage of GDP per capita in the same year decreased from 2.0% in 2015 to 1.5%. (2018 Chinese Adult Tobacco Survey Results)

　　—— The usage rate of e-cigarettes for people aged 15 to 24 is 1.5%

　　The population of e-cigarettes in China is mainly young people, and the usage rate of e-cigarettes in the 15-24 age group is 1.5%. The main way to obtain e-cigarettes is the Internet. (2018 Chinese Adult Tobacco Survey Results)

Photographed by Xinhe reporter Zhang Hengwei in the picture

China is doing these efforts

　　- strive to 2030, more than 15 years of age smoking rates less than 20%

　　For tobacco control, China has already set clear targets.

　　The "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" has proposed that the government should gradually increase the proportion of the population covered by comprehensive smoke-free laws and regulations, and achieve a total ban on indoor public places, indoor workplaces and public transportation nationwide. In addition, the government should study and promote the use of comprehensive measures such as taxation and price adjustment to improve the effectiveness of tobacco control.

　　According to the action goals proposed in the above document, by 2022 and 2030, the smoking rate of people over 15 years of age in China will be less than 24.5% and 20%, respectively, and the proportion of the population protected by comprehensive smoke-free laws will reach 30% and above and 80% and the above.

　　- there are at least more than 20 "smoke-free city"

　　According to incomplete statistics, since the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control came into effect in China, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Tianjin, Karamay, Yinchuan, Harbin, Anshan, Shaoxing, Lanzhou, Shenzhen, Changchun, Tangshan, Nanning, Xining, Qingdao, Beijing , More than 20 cities such as Fuzhou, Zhangjiakou, and Wuhan have formulated or revised local tobacco control regulations, and these cities are also called "smoke-free cities" by the outside world.

In the picture, the Xinshe News Agency issued a photo of Yulong. Source: CNSPHOTO

Tobacco control in these cities is paying off

　　——In 5 years, the number of smokers in Beijing decreased by over 550,000

　　Beijing ’s third adult tobacco survey report shows that in Beijing, the adult smoking rate in 2019 is 20.3%, of which 37.1% of men and 2.4% of women are considered regular smokers. Compared with 2014, the number of smokers decreased by 3.1%. In 2019, the number of smokers in Beijing was 3.635 million, a decrease of 358,000 from 2016 and 555,000 from 2014.

　　- Shanghai 15 years and older adult smoking rates declined for six consecutive years

　　The core data of the 2019 Shanghai Adult Tobacco Epidemic Survey shows that the smoking rate of adults aged 15 and over in Shanghai has been steadily decreasing for 6 consecutive years, and the current use rate of e-cigarettes is 1.3%.

——The smoking rate of junior high school students in Chongqing drops

　　A few days ago, the Chongqing Municipal Health Commission released data on smoking among young people in Chongqing. In 2019, the smoking rate of Chongqing's junior high school students was 2.3%, a significant decrease from 8.5% in 2014.

Xin Chao reporter Chen Chaoshe

Don't believe a few rumors about smoking!

　　- Tobacco filter small harm?

　　Cigarettes plus filters will not reduce its harm, and the harm to the human body will not be reduced if the newly opened cigarettes are left for a period of time before smoking. The harmful substances in cigarettes are mainly produced during combustion, especially when they are not completely burned. These substances will not be reduced because they are left unopened for a period of time.

　　- Small low-tar cigarettes harmful?

　　The level of tar cannot be used as an index for evaluating the harmfulness of cigarettes. A decrease in the amount of tar leads to a decrease in nicotine intake, which may change the behavior of smokers, such as increasing the number and frequency of smoking mouths, and deepening the depth of smoking. The volume has not decreased. Decreasing coke can not only reduce harm, it may even be counterproductive.

　　- electronic cigarette is not harmful?

　　Regarding e-cigarettes, the "e-cigarette expert consensus" issued by the Tobaccoology Group of the Respiratory Disease Branch of the Shanghai Medical Association clearly pointed out that e-cigarette oil contains nicotine, organic solvents, etc., and the smoke formed after heating contains a variety of harmful substances, It can damage all organs of the whole body and even cause cancer. E-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool still lack evidence-based medical evidence, but also lack production standards and industry supervision.

　　- Smoking prevention of new crown pneumonia?

　　With regard to the question of whether smoking can prevent new coronary pneumonia, the WHO has recently issued a statement saying that there is not enough information to confirm that tobacco or nicotine is related to the prevention or treatment of 2019 coronavirus disease, and that smokers develop serious disease and risk of death higher.

　　In addition, according to experts such as Li Lanjuan, a member of the high-level expert group of the National Health Commission, and Wang Chen, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, during the treatment of new coronary pneumonia, it is found that the risk of smokers developing into severe critical illness will increase. (Finish)