China News Service, Shandong Gaoqing, May 12 (Hao Xuejuan) The modern Tangshan burial chambers, "fan-shaped" and "horse-shoe-shaped" funerals of the Longshan period, which could not be copied by hand, were found in the ancient "Jishui" waterway. Remains of large tombs on the site ... About 500 meters south of Xujia Village, Heilizhai Town, Gaoqing County, Zibo City, Shandong Province, the southern site (cemetery) of Xujia Village is under intense excavation. At present, the Longshan period, the Warring States period to the Han Dynasty have been determined Three major cultural layers in the Tang Dynasty.

Liu Wentao, a librarian of Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, is doing archaeological work. Photo by Han Chunyi

　　The reporter saw at the scene on the 11th that on the north bank of the ancient “Jishui” Xiaoqing River, a number of tombs have been unearthed in a rectangular “second step”. The ruins of the tomb are about 3 meters from the surface, and the complete remains of ancient humans and various funerary objects can be seen in the pits.

The ruins of the tomb are about 3 meters from the surface, and the complete remains of ancient humans and various funerary objects can be seen in the pits. Photo by Han Chunyi

　　According to Liu Wentao, a librarian of the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the site (cemetery) is located on the river bank, and the Xiaoqinghe Renaissance Project occupies more than 3,000 square meters of the site (cemetery). As of May 6, 2020, a total of 5 tombs and 5 ash pits during the Longshan period were cleaned, and 15 tombs in the Tang Dynasty were cleaned, with a total area of ​​more than 1,000 square meters.

Burial objects were basically unearthed in the small and medium-sized tombs of the Longshan period. The polished black pottery thin fetal cup wall is only about one millimeter thick, and it cannot even be reproduced by hand in the contemporary era. The picture shows unearthed burial objects during the Longshan period. Photo by Han Chunyi

It is understood that the area where the ruins (cemetery) are located is a riverside beach. Now, the second stage is formed due to earthmoving construction in the south, and the farmland is still flat in the north. Photo by Han Chunyi

　　"The small and medium-sized tombs in the Longshan period basically unearthed burial objects, and the polished black pottery thin fetal cup walls are only about one millimeter thick. In the contemporary era, they cannot even be copied manually." Liu Wentao said that the mandible of the burial pig has been cleaned 13 tools, pottery cups, pots, tripods, dais and other utensils. These funerary utensils are exquisitely made and complex in craftsmanship, and are not practical appliances for life. They may be specialized funerary utensils, which have a certain relationship with the wealth power of the tomb owner during his lifetime. "Longshan large-scale tombs excavated by Shandong archaeology are rare. This excavation has provided rare physical information on the study of Longshan culture and the exchange of related cultures in the northern Lube area."

The picture shows the archaeological site. Photo by Han Chunyi

The picture shows the "Horseshoe" Tang tomb. Photo by Han Chunyi

　　At the archaeological site, the Tang Dynasty brick chamber tombs with three east-west rows and clear burial plans are also being cleaned up. The burial shape of the cemetery has distinctive features. The "fan-shaped" and "horse-shoe-shaped" burial chambers were the first tomb shapes of the Tang Dynasty excavated in Shandong. The “horse-shoe” shaped tomb chamber has obvious Hebei factors. The excavation of the tomb provides physical information for the study of the exchanges between Lubei and Hebei areas in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and the movement of people under the feudal town pattern; the shapes and glazed porcelain unearthed from the tombs It also provides a ruler for the generational eradication of porcelain from Lubei area.

About 500 meters south of Xujia Village, Heilizhai Town, Gaoqing County, Zibo City, Shandong Province, the southern ruins (cemetery) of Xujia Village are being intensively excavated. At present, three cultural layers have been identified from the Longshan period, the Warring States period to the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. Photo by Han Chunyi

On May 11, the reporter saw at the scene that on the north bank of the ancient “Jishui” Xiaoqing River, a number of tombs have been unearthed in a rectangular “second step”. The ruins of the tomb are about 3 meters from the surface, and the complete remains of ancient humans and various funerary objects can be seen in the pits. Photo by Han Chunyi

　　Liu Wentao told reporters that as the flood season of the Yellow River is approaching, the Xiaoqing River, a river in the Bohai Sea System in central Shandong Province of the Yellow River Basin, will also usher in the flood season in June. The archaeological team will complete the excavation work in the basin before the flood season comes to protect more cultural relics. (Finish)