Policies promulgated around the country to vigorously promote
a meal- sharing system- a new civilization

  Affected by the epidemic, Xiao Yang has not eaten in restaurants outside. With the improvement of the national epidemic prevention and control situation, the catering industry has gradually recovered. Just in time for the May Day holiday, Xiao Yang was planning to meet friends who haven't seen him in a long time.

  Xiao Yang and friends came to a restaurant in Beijing Century Jinyuan Shopping Center. When ordering food, the waiter put the tableware on the table. Xiao Yang was surprised to find that there were two pairs of chopsticks in front of everyone, one pair in black and one pair in white. Xiao Yang has been to this restaurant many times before and has never been so. In response, the waiter explained that now in response to the call, and also for the health of customers, the public chopsticks system will be implemented in the future to provide each customer with chopsticks and make a color distinction.

  The meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system have been popularized in China for many years, but the results are not obvious. There are cultural reasons as well as economic costs and personal habits. The occurrence of the new coronary pneumonia epidemic provides a new opportunity for the implementation of the meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system. Various localities have also issued corresponding policies to increase publicity and encourage the implementation of a meal-sharing system and a public chopsticks system. This is not only a manifestation of the new style of civilization, but also helps to maintain good personal hygiene habits and is worthy of promotion in the whole society.

This is a healthy lifestyle

  "I'm very supportive of implementing a meal-sharing system and a public chopsticks system, because this is a healthy lifestyle." Xiao Yang said. Xiao Yang's point of view also revealed the core purpose of promoting meal sharing and public chopsticks: health.

  People take food as the sky. Diet is essential for everyone. But there is an old saying in China: sickness comes from the mouth. This shows that many diseases are transmitted through diet.

  The team of the World Health Organization ’s International Cancer Institute once published an analysis in The Lancet: 13% of cancers worldwide and 2.2 million people are attributable to various infectious diseases. The top three leading causes of cancer are H. pylori, HPV and hepatitis B virus. East Asia is the region with the highest incidence of carcinogenic infectious diseases. Among them, Helicobacter pylori is easily transmitted through a meal.

  The discovery of Helicobacter pylori broke the statement that "there is no bacteria in the stomach", which may cause gastritis, gastrointestinal ulcers and other diseases. In severe cases, it may cause gastric cancer. The infection rate of H. pylori in China continues to rise. According to statistics, it has now reached 59%. Without intervention, it will seriously affect people's health.

  The combined meal system played a role in boosting H. pylori infection. "Scientific research shows that pathogenic microorganisms can be spread by chopstick spoons, causing cross-infection. Typical are Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis A, hand, foot and mouth disease. The combined meal system lays hidden dangers for health, allowing multiple viruses and bacteria to be eaten in the meal. It spreads between people and inadvertently spreads to others when they are serving each other. "Ma Yide, a researcher at the Law Institute of Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview.

  In fact, the "public chopsticks divided meal" initiative has a long history. As early as the 1990s, the Chinese Culinary Association repeatedly proposed the "division meal" reform to the national catering industry. In 2003, the SARS epidemic made this initiative more important, and restaurants in many cities are actively offering public chopsticks. However, judging from the actual results, this initiative has not received enough promotion and attention.

  The new coronary pneumonia epidemic warns people again, and we must pay attention to maintaining good personal habits. Among them, meal sharing and public chopsticks are important contents.

  In the Northeast, people accustomed to "cauldron stew" began to be served on plates, and each table was equipped with male chopsticks and spoons; in Chengdu, Sichuan, the hot pots that diners loved also began to implement divided meals, and everyone was equipped with two Double chopsticks, a pair of male chopsticks, and a pair of private chopsticks for personal use; in Zhejiang, after many farmhouses resumed business, they have launched a "division meal system", or to divide the meal for the guests in advance, or use the buffet form, let the guests take their own ... … Due to the impact of the epidemic, all localities are taking the time to implement the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system to internalize civilized habits into people's hearts.

  Han Ming, president of the China Hotel Association, said that after the outbreak of the New Coronary Pneumonia, more and more people began to pay attention to "safety on the tip of the tongue", recognizing that dining together may lead to the spread of disease. We should seize this opportunity to publicize and guide the people's good habits of serving ingredients and using public chopsticks and spoons, and cultivate a healthy and civilized table style.

Influence of multiple factors of individual, culture and economy

  Although there are many benefits of meal sharing and public chopsticks, the implementation has not been smooth. This is affected by various factors such as personal, cultural and economic costs.

  During the interview, I learned that many people are not very enthusiastic about the meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system. "It feels very troublesome. I use my own chopsticks for a while, and public chopsticks for a while. I don't feel comfortable eating." "I'm particularly unaccustomed, and I forget when I eat, and I use private chopsticks to inadvertently pick up dishes." Let everyone become rusty in eating, not to eat together just to make a fun. "

  The lack of personal health awareness is the first problem in promoting the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system. According to multiple sampling surveys, many people do not know or believe that there are health risks associated with eating habits around the table. Only a few people have the consciousness of sharing meals. The willingness to share meals or use public chopsticks is often regarded as "high cold" and "alternative". According to Xinhuanet's questionnaire survey of nearly 20,000 netizens, 40% of netizens praised the promotion of the meal system, while 30% of netizens expressed opposition and the rest expressed wait-and-see.

  There is also a question involved in this. Do we need to separate meals and public chopsticks within the family? "The implementation of a meal-sharing system is more difficult when the family is the focus. It is difficult to change the concept and habits of family members. However, family meal-sharing is also the most thorough. If family meal-sharing can be popularized, it means that people's concepts and customs have changed. The meal sharing system is easy to achieve. "Ma Yide said.

  The influence of culture cannot be ignored. Many people think that the meal sharing system is imported. But in fact, it was not the earliest in ancient China. As can be seen from numerous movies and TV shows, each person has a small table, and meals, drinks, etc. are separate ingredients. This custom began in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and the "Book of Rites" clearly stated: "The beans of the emperor are twenty six, the princes are ten, the princes are ten, the doctor is eight, and the doctor is six." "Historical Records" There are also many descriptions in the history books such as "Three Kingdoms" that use small snacks to divide meals.

  The combined meal system gradually formed from the Wei and Jin Dynasties and was influenced by ethnic minorities. In the Tang Dynasty, the customs of the Hu people, such as the table-sharing meal, and the "hu bed", "hu table", high chairs, etc., flowed into the Central Plains, laying a foundation for the implementation of the meal-sharing system. In the Song Dynasty, dining tables around the table gradually moved from the palace to the folk, and teaching workshops, tea houses, restaurants, etc. all began to share meals. The banquet of the Eighteen Scholars in Tang Dynasty painted by Song Huizong is a meal. In the three generations of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties, meal-sharing became more and more prosperous, and meal-sharing gradually disappeared. "Man-Han All Seats" became the pinnacle of the dinner-dining culture, and also represented that meal-sharing has become the mainstream of society and continues to this day.

  Ma Yide said that because of the influence of traditional customs that value human relations, Chinese people prefer a lively meal together, thinking that "the meal is not just a lively meal", and that the meal sharing system will destroy the intimate atmosphere on the table and bring a sense of separation, especially Many elderly people say that it is difficult to accept a meal-sharing system, and even resist emotions, because they feel "live" and "outside".

  The increase in economic costs is also a major factor hindering the implementation of the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system, especially restaurants. Although various places are vigorously promoting the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system, some small restaurants still implement meal-sharing and do not actively provide public chopsticks and spoons. Because there is a pair of chopsticks and spoons, it will cost more. If you divide the meal at the serving stage, it will increase the labor cost. Some restaurants or small restaurants that have just opened soon do not have the inherent motivation to promote the meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system. This problem needs to be considered and resolved in the promotion process.

Accelerate the development of standard meal sharing system

  There is resistance, but for health, the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system should be implemented unswervingly. This is not only for health, but also a major step forward in social civilization.

  Although the implementation of the meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system will increase the restaurant's operating costs, compared with public health, the advantages are still greater than the disadvantages. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate measures to help restaurants, so that restaurants become the main force of promotion.

  At present, all parts of the country are issuing initiatives calling on the public to use public chopsticks and spoons, and to implement a meal-sharing system conditionally. Restaurants in various places are also being promoted in full swing.

  The different standards are the practical problems facing. There are views that the catering industry has multiple consumption scenarios and different service standards, which increases the difficulty of implementing the meal sharing system to a certain extent. Without the support of relevant standards, the current meal sharing boom may retreat again.

  The “Guidelines for the Design and Implementation of the Meal Sharing System in the Catering Industry” issued by Shandong Province became the first provincial local standard for the meal sharing system in the catering industry, which specifically clarified the design standards for public chopsticks and public spoons, so that customers no longer face “difficult” when facing two pairs of chopsticks Distinguish between male and female. "

  "Relevant national departments and industry associations should issue an initiative to fully implement the meal-sharing system and formulate a unified industry guide. Local functional departments and industry associations, in accordance with the guideline and local conditions, formulate implementation rules and regulations, and rank and evaluate food and beverage companies. In the star conditions, add the implementation of the "meal sharing system, public chopsticks system, public spoon system", and continue to follow up the supervision, include it in the scope of health supervision, and rigidly guarantee the initiative of the catering enterprises to implement the meal sharing system. "Ma Yide suggested.

  Although the implementation of the meal sharing system and the public chopsticks system will increase some costs in the short term, in the long run, this will force the restaurant to optimize the service process and improve the service quality, which is beneficial to the development of the restaurant. A person in charge of a hotel group in Shandong said that meal sharing did create "new troubles" for the restaurant service. For example, there are many serving procedures, heavy workload, and hot dishes tend to become cold during the meal sharing process. But now the organizational structure has been adjusted. In the past, the passers-by were assigned to the service class, now they are under the control of the kitchen, and they work with the kitchen to prepare dishes. The serving speed is not only slow, but more efficient.

  Taking the family as an important direction to promote the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Xiao Yang said in an interview that he is very happy to share meals and is also suitable for using male chopsticks and male spoons, "but elders, especially the elderly, may not accept it very much, thinking that this will feel very rusty, and the family will not be together Hilarious. "

  "The key is to let the emphasis on prevention really integrate into family life." Ma Yide said that it is difficult to adopt mandatory measures for family meal sharing like unit meal sharing and public place meal sharing, which can be directed through public service advertisements, media broadcasts, WeChat SMS messages, and short videos. In the form that the public likes to hear, the popularization of catering methods will gradually increase the public's acceptance of the meal sharing system.

  Although the media has promoted and promoted the meal-sharing system and the public chopsticks system on a large scale, and there are obvious posters and slogans in many local restaurants, this only stays at the initiative level and is not mandatory.

  Therefore, at the national level, it is necessary to strengthen public health-related legislative work, and popularize and enforce laws must be put in place. Collaborate in the implementation of laws and regulations related to public health in the areas of publicity of the rule of law, strengthening law enforcement and public services. Corresponding functional departments and industry associations should pay close attention to the formulation of relevant table civilized codes of conduct, and advocate that the masses develop habits of civilized dining and healthy eating.

  "As a result of this epidemic, people have gradually formed hygienic habits such as wearing masks, washing hands frequently, and using chopsticks. After the epidemic has receded, everyone can maintain the good habits they have for a long time, protecting themselves and others." Ma Yi De said.

  Zhang Yiqi