Will the golden signs of historic cities be taken off? (See · World Heritage)
At the same time as a new wave of historical and cultural cities declare,
How to effectively protect the historical features of famous cities has gradually developed more detailed methods and gradually formed an exit mechanism ...
On May 2, 2018, Yuxian County, Hebei Province became the 134th national historical and cultural city. Since then, the number of national historical and cultural cities has not changed—neither increased nor deleted.
In September 2019, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage jointly briefed on the evaluation and inspection of the protection of historical and cultural cities and towns. Acknowledging the rescue and preservation of historical and cultural cities and towns and villages in various provinces (cities, districts), actively formulating local protection laws and regulations, and innovating protection methods, etc., and at the same time criticizing the large demolition and construction in the protection of famous cities in various places, and quick successes, and focus on early declaration , Light maintenance and other practices.
At the same time, the work of applying for historical and cultural cities at all levels has been actively promoted step by step. Even if affected by the epidemic, it has not stalled. After entering 2020, a new wave of acceleration has emerged.
Active declarations everywhere
Many famous cultural cities are also among them
Up to now, China has announced three batches of national historical and cultural cities with appropriate additions. Among the cities currently hoping to be "on the list", Xiamen and Dalian are extremely attractive.
Xiamen is a famous landscape garden city and has the Gulangyu World Cultural Heritage. In February 2020, the Work Plan for Xiamen's Application for National Historic and Cultural Cities was published and will be expedited to complete the Xiamen Historical and Cultural Cities Protection Plan. On January 23, the Fifth Session of the Fifteenth People's Congress of Xiamen City has stated in the "Government Work Report" that Xiamen will meticulously protect historical and cultural heritage and actively promote the application of national historical and cultural cities. Do a good job in the protection and restoration of Gulangyu World Cultural Heritage, revitalize the use, and "build a noble cultural island, an elegant livable island, and an exquisite tourism island."
This year, Liaoning Province will start the application of national historical and cultural cities in Dalian and Chaoyang. This is a new development on the basis of promoting the implementation of the protection of historical and cultural cities in Shenyang and the application in Liaoyang. At present, the application materials of Liaoyang National Historical and Cultural City have been officially reported; Dongguan Street and Taiyanggou in Dalian have also been approved as provincial historical and cultural blocks.
In February this year, the Chongqing Municipal Government also officially approved Jiangjin to become a city-level historical and cultural city, and at the same time established the traditional style area of Xiangfu Road and the traditional style area of Jihua 3539 shoe factory in Jiangjin. This is also the first city-level historical and cultural city born in Chongqing since the implementation of the "Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities and Towns in Chongqing" on September 1, 2018.
In March of this year, the Leading Group of the "Shenming" Working Group of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province held its third meeting. Since the start of the application for the national historical and cultural city in November 2017, the local application for the provincial historical and cultural city is nearing completion. The meeting emphasized that all units "inverted time, emphasized priorities, and paid close attention to implementation", ensured that all work tasks were completed in high quality within the prescribed time, made sufficient preparations for the successful approval of historical and cultural cities in the province, and accelerated the "name application" work. .
Declared famous cities also need protection schemes
Regulations and plans emphasize overall awareness
Different from previous declarations, whether it is a newly declared city or a well-known city that has won a gold signboard, it is now beginning to combine urban development planning to strengthen the overall protection awareness.
Lack of awareness and means for overall protection is a "stubborn disease" in the protection of historical and cultural cities. Some cities only attach importance to the protection of individual buildings, neglecting the environmental protection around the buildings, and the cultural relics and historic sites have become "bonsai"; some cities only attach importance to the protection of the blocks and neglect the protection of the overall structure and style of the old city; some cities only attach importance to the preservation of important values. Protection, neglecting the reservation and utilization of general value buildings and structures ... This also sounds the "alarm" for the declaration work of famous cities.
As a result, the newly introduced protection measures for famous cities in various places have begun to clearly emphasize the principle of integration, not only attaching importance to the protection of individual historical buildings, but also to the coordination with the historical humanistic environment and natural environment of the entire city. On December 18, 2019, the Lhasa Municipal Government Information Office held a press conference on the “Lhasa Historical and Cultural Cities Protection Plan”. Lhasa Deputy Mayor Shi Yubin said that the new plan aims to coordinate the natural environment that coexists with historical and cultural heritage. Manage and control the construction of distinctive features to achieve the overall goal of protecting Lhasa's historical and cultural heritage.
Jinan, Shandong was included in the second batch of national historical and cultural cities on December 08, 1986. The new "Jinan Historical and Cultural Cities Protection Plan" approved in November 2019 states that it adheres to "protecting the authenticity and integrity of the cultural heritage and historical environment of Jinan's historical and cultural cities" and "protects and extends the overall historical and cultural city of Jinan. Pattern and style, maintaining the unique features of Jinan mountains, springs, lakes, rivers, and cities "; at the same time, the plan deconstructs the overall protection of Jinan City into" one core, five corridors, ten pieces ", and the ancient city streets" protect and Continuing the characteristics of the streets and lanes in the ancient city that are connected from north to south and connected from east to west. " Reconstruction of existing buildings is to "maintain or restore their historical features" to harmonize with the historical features of the neighborhood.
In 2020, Beijing will also promote the revision of the Regulations on the Protection of Historic and Cultural Cities, the main content of which involves adjusting and improving the delineation of historical and cultural blocks and formulating management measures for historic buildings.
On February 24 this year, the Sichuan Provincial People's Government approved the protection of the provincial historical and cultural cities of Lushan and Wangcang. In particular, it also emphasizes the perspective of integrated protection. It is necessary to do a good job in the coordination and management of the surrounding overall style and environment, and to maintain the environment of the historic urban area and the surrounding natural landscape characteristics. In the same period, the "Lushan County Historical and Cultural City Protection Plan (2017-2035)" approved by the Sichuan Provincial Government emphasized "protecting the integrity and continuity of the heritage and the environment", taking historical and cultural resources and the cities and towns on which they depend as an organic whole. , Coordinate the protection of the historical and cultural resources and the surrounding environment, form a target for the characteristics of the ancient city's landscape pattern, protect the sight and view corridor of the historical city and surrounding landscape, and control the height and architectural style of the historical city and the surrounding environment as a whole to ensure the "Lushan The overall recognizability of the historic district. "
Although the protection of historical and cultural cities has been refined and improved in the regulations and rules, the effect depends more on the implementation of the regulations and rules. "When it comes to it, it can be done" is the most important node in strengthening the awareness of protection of famous cities.
Local protection links are more detailed
The famous city revocation mechanism is on the string
The title of historical and cultural city is still a golden signboard.
From 2017 to 2018, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage organized and conducted assessments and inspections on the protection of national historical and cultural cities and Chinese historical and cultural towns and villages. The assessment and inspection found that Liaocheng City in Shandong Province, Datong City in Shanxi Province, Luoyang City in Henan Province, Hancheng City in Shaanxi Province, and Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province had problems such as demolition and construction in the ancient city, demolition and construction, and damage to the landscape pattern of the ancient city. As a result, the historical and cultural relics of the country's historical and cultural cities have been severely damaged, and their historical and cultural values have been seriously affected. While criticizing the above five cities, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage also ordered rectification within a time limit and requested that the rectification situation be reported before May 31, 2019.
In the "Circular of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Partially-Protected National Historic and Cultural Cities" issued in March 2019, it was clearly stated that for cities that have not been rectified, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage will submit it to the State Council. Revoke its title of National Historic and Cultural City.
However, the rectification process took longer than expected.
Shaanxi Hancheng is also a regional core city along the Yellow (River) town belt. On January 9, 2020, the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Housing and Construction and the Korean City Government held another discussion on the protection of historical and cultural cities, emphasizing the need to consider the protection of ancient cities within the protection of cultural relics throughout the province and the country, and respect the original regulations of ancient cities. Correctly handle the relationship between protection and development, tourism and culture, characteristics and integration, continue to increase investment in the protection of ancient cities, resolutely rectify in accordance with laws and regulations in place, and protect the "golden signboard" of the national historical and cultural city.
On March 1, 2020, the revised Regulations on the Protection of Historical and Cultural Cities, Towns and Villages in Shandong Province came into effect. Compared with the previous version of the "Regulations on the Protection of Historic and Cultural Cities in Shandong Province", which was passed at the 31st meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth People's Congress of Shandong Province on December 13, 1997, the content is more comprehensive. 24 entries, expanded to 52. At the same time, the cancellation mechanism officially appeared in the regulations. In the twentieth article of the new regulations, the exit procedure for the title of "Famous City" is stipulated: "The layout, environment, historical features, etc. of historical and cultural cities, towns, villages, and historical and cultural districts have been seriously damaged due to inadequate protection. Provincial housing and urban-rural construction authorities, together with the provincial cultural relics department, issued warnings to the public, and the provincial people's government instructed the local city and county people's governments to make corrections within a time limit and take remedial measures. After the rectification period expired, the provincial housing and urban-rural construction authorities In conjunction with the provincial cultural relics department, an expert is organized to conduct an audit. If the audit fails, the provincial people's government shall revoke the titles of provincial historical and cultural cities, towns, villages, and historical and cultural blocks. "
It is worth noting that the regulations are also particularly clear: "The revocation of the titles of National Historic and Cultural Cities, Chinese Historic and Cultural Towns, and Famous Villages shall be implemented in accordance with relevant state regulations." Personnel who have been warned or revoked from cultural cities, towns, villages, and historical and cultural blocks can be investigated for criminal responsibility.
Judging from the above progress, the revocation mechanism of famous cities has gradually become "fuller" and has been gradually implemented in all aspects.
So, will the golden signs of historical and cultural cities be removed?
Qi Xinlang Yuyu