【everyone】
Biography of Scholars
Fan Boqun (1931-2017), a native of Wuxing County, Zhejiang (now Huzhou, Zhejiang), moved to Suzhou with his parents in 1945, admitted to the Chinese Department of Fudan University in 1951, and worked in Nantong Middle School and Jiangsu in the mid-1950s and 1970s. Provincial Writers Association, Jiangsu Literary Federation, Suzhou Cultural Bureau and other units. He was transferred to teach in the Chinese Department of Jiangsu Normal University in 1978, and served as the director of the Chinese Department of Suzhou University in 1983. He was named a professor in 1986 and became the first group of experts to receive a special allowance from the State Council in 1991. He has won the Zeng Xianzi Education Fund Award, "National-level Young and Middle-aged Experts with Outstanding Contributions", and "eighth five-year" advanced scientific and technological workers. After retirement, he was employed as a full-time researcher in the "Ancient and Modern Evolution" research room of the Center for Chinese Ancient Literature at Fudan University. In 2014, he was elected the first "Gusu Cultural Master". He died in Suzhou on December 10, 2017. The editor-in-chief "History of Modern and Popular Literature in China" won the first prize of the 3rd China University Humanities and Social Sciences Research Achievement, the first prize of the 2nd Wang Yao Academic Award for Excellent Works, the 4th Chinese Excellent Publication Book Award, and the 3rd China Publishing Government Award, etc. The monograph "History of Modern Popular Literature in China (Illustrated)" was selected into the "Three One Hundred" Original Book Publishing Project and won the second Siman Original Nomination Award.
Mr. Fan Boqun is a well-known scholar in the field of contemporary Chinese literature. From the 1950s to the 1980s, he was mainly engaged in the study of Chinese modern and contemporary writers such as Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, Bing Xin, Gao Xiaosheng, and Lu Wenfu. He began to devote himself to the study of Chinese modern popular literature in the middle and late 1980s and made outstanding contributions.
Mr. Fan's research on new literature is ground-breaking, and research on popular literature is "filling the gap between elegance and vulgarity". He has rewritten the history of modern Chinese literature. His research contribution, diligence, and personality are always after school.
Wisdom keeps vigor
In 1945, 14-year-old Fan Boqun left Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, where he was born, to study in Suzhou. Since then, this beautiful Jiangnan ancient city has retained most of his life.
When he arrived in Suzhou, Fan Boqun attended the junior middle school of the private Lequn Middle School and the high school of the Bole Middle School. As a student, he was full of energy and spirit. In September 1949, he participated in the first session of the People's Congress in Suzhou as a representative of the academic federation to welcome the arrival of New China.
In 1951, Fan Boqun was admitted to the Chinese Department of Fudan University. "The sun and the moon are shining, and once again, Fudan Xi", Fudan University time when he found his interest in life. At that time, famous Chinese scholars such as Guo Shaoyu, Zhu Dongrun, Liu Dajie, and Wu Wenqi were teaching in the Chinese Department of Fudan University. In 1952, the colleges and universities were adjusted, and professors such as Su Buqing, Chen Jiangong, and Wu Jinglian were transferred to Fudan University. The arrival of Mr. Jia Zhifang, in particular, had a profound impact on the young Fan Boqun.
Jia Zhifang opened courses such as "Selected Readings of Modern Literary Works" and "Russian and Soviet Literature" in Fudan. Fan Boqun, Zeng Huapeng, and Shi Changdong became Jia Zhifang's most appreciated and valued students. In the second semester of his junior year, Jia Zhifang arranged a graduation thesis for Fan Boqun. Fan Boqun's thesis was written "On Wang Luyan".
Writer research laid the first solid foundation for Fan Boqun's academic career. In 2008, Jia Zhifang died. At the memorial service, Fan Boqun spoke on behalf of his disciples: "I worshiped at Mr.'s door in 1952 and became his student. In these 56 years, following Mr. and Mrs., I have always felt deeply that I can To be a student of Mr. Jia is a great happiness to me! Mr. Jia not only teaches us how to 'open' academic research, but also teaches me how to be a glorious person. '
Under the influence of Jia Zhifang, Fan Boqun also used his life to "write a brilliant" human "character".
Immediately after graduating from university, when the full of anticipating academic prospects were presented in front of Fan Boqun, Jia Zhifang was beaten as a "Hu Feng counter-revolutionary group" and arrested. Because of the close teacher-student relationship with Jia Zhifang, Fan Boqun left Fudan after isolation and examination.
The bright prospects of his youth suddenly suddenly became murky. "There is no dock in Rengang. With the help of the crew, I used a rope to hang the covered luggage to the small row, and then hung me down, the small row shook to the shore, and I stepped on the land in Nantong." In 1955, Fan Boqun, who was supposed to attend the university lecture hall, was assigned to Nantong Middle School to become a language teacher. For the next 20 years, his life was in depression.
However, his earnest work and extraordinary talents earned Fan Boqun the admiration of his students. Some of Nantong Middle School's students later became elementary school principals, and some became middle school principals. They are now in their eighties, but they will still run from Nantong to Suzhou and still write articles to thank the teacher.
The work of middle school teachers did not end Fan Boqun's belief in academics. In 1956, he began working with his classmate Zeng Huapeng to write a writer's theory. In 1957, the fifth and sixth issues of "People's Literature" published his and Zeng Huapeng's research results, a 40,000-word "Yu Dafu Theory". Qin Zhaoyang said in "The Postscript": "We would like to start with the publication of" Yu Dafu Theory "and hope that those who are interested in it can conduct in-depth research on many modern and contemporary writers in China."
The Yu Dafu Theory is not only Fan Boqun's first academic thesis, but also a "start" for the study of modern and contemporary writers in the academic circles of New China. The researcher who stood on the tide of academic circles was only 26 years old.
Beginning with "Yu Dafu Theory", researches on Bing Xin, Wang Luyan, Jiang Guangchi, and Ye Shaojun were written one by one. Fan Boqun was transferred to the Jiangsu Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Research for his outstanding achievements. However, the improvement in life brought about by hard work was interrupted again, and the "Cultural Revolution" began.
Fan Boqun entered the "May 7th" cadre school. He was born with unyielding, optimistic resilience, so that he could still read a book in such a difficult and restless time. "Only one book can be read in a cadre school, that is," Mao Xuan ". However, because Chairman Mao said that he would" read Lu Xun ", I moved the" Complete Works of Lu Xun "to the cadre school. During the day, I did the" Hang-Hou-Hang-Yu " , I read Lu Xun's works under the lights at night. When my supervisory labor was relaxed a bit, I was allowed to move freely on Sunday. I borrowed a bicycle and rode straight to Zhenjiang Pier to buy a ferry ticket. I was on the cart for six days. Then I hurried to the Yangzhou Teachers College and found Zeng Huapeng. When we talked, we both felt that in this extremely poor spiritual life, we had to maintain our vitality of "intellectual activity."
In "the days when the spiritual life is extremely poor", Lu Xun became the spiritual support and wisdom power of Fan Boqun. After the Cultural Revolution, a dissertation on Lu Xun's works was published. In 1986, Fan Boqun and Zeng Huapeng co-authored a book entitled "New Theory on Lu Xun's Novels". This book is not only an important work in the history of Lu Xun's research, but also a testament to the tough academic life of an intellectual of the era.
Refined and popular wings
In 1978, Fan Boqun was transferred to Jiangsu Normal University, later Suzhou University, and began his career as a college teacher. It is more than 20 years since his dream when he left Fudan in 1955. The first of a series of papers that were later included in Lu Xun's New Theory of Novels was also published at this time.
In 1978, the 4th issue of "Literature Review" published "On" Medicine "-One of the Studies of Lu Xun's Novels". This was the first academic paper published in "Literary Review" which was reissued after the "Cultural Revolution" and caused a lot of waste at that time. Great interest in the academic world. From 1978 to 1986, the research results of Lu Xun, cooperating with Fan Boqun and Zeng Huapeng, came out one after another. "Using Lu and Lu" not only provided research methods for the academic community after the "Cultural Revolution", but also became a modern China in the 1980s. The demonstration of literary research opened a curtain of literature in the new era.
At the same time as Lu Xun's research results, there are also works such as "On Wang Luyan", "On the Four Modern Writers", "Bing Xin Criticism" and "Yu Dafu Criticism". Their emergence is not rash, but after nearly thirty years of accumulation, thinking, writing, and diving, once it has been approved, it will emerge. Fan Boqun's vitality can finally exert his dazzling energy.
In 1960, Fan Boqun was transferred to the theoretical research room of the Jiangsu Federation of Literary and Art Circles. Later, he also served as the leader of the theoretical group of the editorial department of Yuhua Magazine. While working in the Jiangsu Literary Federation, he became friends with Ai Yi, Lu Wenfu, and Gao Xiaosheng, and often consulted and exchanged together. In 1979, Fan Boqun's articles on Ai Yi's Biluochunxun were published in Xinhua Daily, in 1981, Lu Wenfu On, and Gao Xiaosheng On in 1982, and many contemporary writer reviews came out.
Fan Boqun, as a critic, had an understanding sympathy for his contemporary writers, and the common encounters of the times allowed him to see each other's hearts in these contemporary writers. The reviews of contemporary writers written by Fan Boqun are profound, precise, and affectionate. They have the current consciousness and bear the historical weight.
The positions of writers and critics are mutual. Critics can learn from the writer's creative experience, and writers can achieve the insights of critics. When Fan Boqun began to expand his academic research, the writer Ai Yi published a review article "Retrieving Another Wing", using a vivid description to describe Fan Boqun's diligent academic road.
And this "other wing" is popular literature.
From the late 1970s to the early 1980s, the Modern Literature Research Office of the Institute of Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences organized and edited the "Chinese Modern Literature Movement · Contest · Community Materials Series" and assigned the task to the Modern Literature Teaching and Research Office of Suzhou University to compile the "Butterfly School" Literature. Because of this, Fan Boqun began the study of modern Chinese popular literature.
Fan Boqun's contribution to the study of Chinese modern popular literature lies in five aspects:
The first is to organize historical materials and lay the foundation for popular literature research and modern literature research; the second is to open up the field of modern popular literature research in China to correct the long-standing prejudice against popular literature and restore its original appearance; And new literature are the two wings of modern Chinese literature; the fourth is to establish a "multiple symbiosis" concept of literary history and build a new methodological system; the fifth is to re-evaluate the starting point of the history of modern Chinese literature and put forward many important influential academic views.
"Saturday's Butterfly Dream", "History of Chinese Modern Popular Literature", "History of Modern Chinese Popular Literature (Illustrated)", "Modernization of Chinese Symbiosis in Modern Chinese Literature", "A Hundred Years of Chinese Citizens' Popular Literature" On the "Manuscripts", "Selected Works of the Pupa Butterfly School", "Selected Works of Pupa Butterfly School", "Collections of Zhou Shoujuan", and "Comments and Commentaries on Modern and Contemporary Popular Writers in China", etc. Rewritten the pattern of modern Chinese literature.
Fan Boqun thus became the pioneer of modern Chinese popular literature research.
In addition to his friend Ai Yi, Fan Boqun is most concerned about the evaluation of his research by Mr. Jia Zhifang. In 1999, Jia Zhifang wrote a preface to "History of Popular Literature in Modern China": "Due to some historical 'misunderstanding' and 'misleading', our literary studies once consciously excluded the branch of popular literature from modern literature studies. Outside the field of vision, or occasionally mentioned, is also criticized as a countercurrent to the history of literature. This misunderstanding is based on a prejudice, which leads to ignorance, and ignorance further leads to prejudice. To eliminate this prejudice and ignorance It is necessary to adopt a research attitude. The results of the Fan Boqun's work now mean to 'recover another wing' for the history of modern Chinese literature. "
This affirmation fully established the disciplinary value of Fan Boqun's popular literature research. Also in The History of Chinese Modern and Popular Literature, Fan Boqun wrote: "Researchers in the history of modern and contemporary literature are forming a consensus that modern and contemporary literature should be brought into our research horizon. Pure literature and popular literature are our literature. Two wings, the literary history compiled in the future should be a literary history of two wings flying together. "
From Lu Xun to popular literature, Fan Boqun's academic achievements show the magnificent atmosphere of elegant and popular wings. But "double wings" are "two" wings after all, and there should be no clear barriers between refined and popular. In 1983, Fan Boqun published his dissertation "Lu Xun's Comment on the Butterfly School", which showed the interactive nature of refined and popular literature.
Fan Boqun named his self-selected collection of academic works "Filling the Grace between Vulgarity and Vulgarity", which firmly demonstrated the belief that "filling a certain period of time will fill the gap". At the time of the publication of the "Butterfly School Literature Materials", Fan Boqun was 53 years old. Since then, his efforts to "close the elegant divide" have persisted until the last moment of his life.
Meet every heart
No matter what kind of life situation he is in, Fan Boqun always does his best to make the best results. As soon as he was sensible, he was attacked by Japanese invaders. The years of disaster sowed the seeds of perseverance in his young mind. After graduating from college, he encountered various tribulations, but he did not change his mind at the beginning: "I gradually healed my wounds with youthful vitality and desire for knowledge."
During the school, Fan Boqun feeds pigs and geese, guards the vegetable garden, and serves as a cafeteria mate. He is psychologically prepared to "graduate" from the school to open a bun shop. However, he was thinking about how to read Lu Xun and write articles. During this period, he walked along with his close friend Zeng Huapeng.
The profound friendship between Fan Boqun and Zeng Huapeng is a buzzword in contemporary academic circles. Fan Boqun said that the two of them are friends and they are also a "doubles player". When they left Fudan, the two met each other and must support each other in the future and return to the post of literature. From the 1950s to the 1980s, the papers and works they published published the names of two people at the same time. These papers and writings are not only the crystallization of the spiritual exchange and preservation of wisdom of the two, but also the testimony of resisting the tribulation and working together.
Although they are located in two places, the two keep writing. When you were young, you could have a bike and a ferry ticket to meet your friends. When I was old, I had trouble traveling, so I called every day and asked each other about their short and long periods. Their sincere friendship in life is the meeting of two pure souls, which can be transformed into the most precious belief in life in this world.
Even if life is difficult, as long as it is supported by belief, there will be a spiritual paradise. In the 1980s, Fan Boqun spent time in an alley near Guanqian Street in Suzhou. Fan Boqun placed a bed and a table in a four-square-meter aisle. This is his "Suzhou Siping Garden". Time passed, and he was seventy or eighty years old, and he lived alone in a hut, with a bed, a table, a heavy book, and a weighted thesis. It can be said: "Eat a meal, a scoop of drinking, in the alley, people are uneasy, and they will not change their pleasure when they come back. Yin!"
In 1983, Fan Boqun was appointed as the head of the Chinese Department of Suzhou University. He gradually became a discipline leader from a "doubles player" with Zeng Huapeng. Prior to Fan Boqun's appointment as head of the department, the Chinese Department of the University of Suzhou had also inherited the situation where normal colleges only focused on teaching. The transformation of "Jiangsu Normal University" into "Suzhou University" has also infused Fan Boqun's personal indelible contribution.
Fan Boqun has an open mind and a broad vision. For the development of the department, he trains talents, applies for projects, and introduces experts. In 1986, there were six full professors in the Chinese Department of the University of Suzhou, which was the department with the most total corrections at that time. The "History of Chinese Modern Popular Literature" led by him was listed as a key project of the National Social Science Plan during the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and became one of the first 15 national key social science projects.
During the five years that Fan Boqun has been the head of the department, the scientific research level of the Chinese Department has been greatly improved. The idea of "research establishment" has established the Chinese Department of the University of Suzhou in China. In 1990, the University of Suzhou was approved to establish a doctoral degree in Chinese contemporary literature, and Fan Boqun became the founding supervisor of this doctoral degree. The Chinese Department of Modern and Contemporary Literature and Ancient Literature have been listed as key disciplines in Jiangsu Province.
In 2001, Fan Boqun retired. He said in "Passing by: The Rise in the Setting Sun": "When I was notified of my retirement, I was also very surprised. Why did I retire soon after I worked?" However, the years of retirement have made Fan Boqun's academic research another A peak. He repeatedly talked about the relationship between retirement and research in the article: Ji Xianlin "from the age of 70 to over 90, in addition to recuperation, he has spent at least 20 years in retirement and hard work after retirement, 20 years is 5 times the time of undergraduate study. He has entered the "Ji Xianlin Self-study University" five times; in terms of research, he is equivalent to a full-time researcher of the "Ji Xianlin Institute" for 20 years. This is probably the world The highest-ranking universities and research institutions. "
With respected scholars as an example, Fan Boqun also built his own "highest-ranking universities and research institutions." He is more a model for familiar writers: "Bing Xin said: 'Life starts at eighty.' She lives to 99. In this way, we are all still waiting for the starting gun to start on the starting line of life, and we also weave youth Dreams are long, long. "
Fan Baiqun started a new academic life by avoiding the complicated administrative work and unburdening the burden of common affairs.
The book "History of Chinese Modern Popular Literature (Illustrated)" was published in 2007. This book solves some key problems in the history of literature and "saves truth" for history. It is Fan Boqun's most important academic monograph in his life. He was 76 years old. The publication of the "Modern Symbiosis of Chinese Literature in Modernization" published in 2009 marked the finalization of Fan Boqun's awareness of the relationship between refined and popular literature and the history of literature. From "two wings to fly" to "multiple symbiosis" is not only Fan Boqun's summary of his academic thoughts, but also a summary of his life experience in his later years.
Mingyue is rising east
Fan Boqun's devotion to academic career has never ceased from youth to old age. In 2013, the book "Filling the Grace and Vulgarity" was published, and 82-year-old Fan Boqun wrote in "The Preface": "The arduous and meticulous project to fill this gap has its own descendants. It used to be that the sunset is infinitely good 'After that, I added a light sigh of' just near dusk '. But I firmly believe that when the sunset is infinitely good, a round of' Moon Moon is rising to the east '. "This is Fan Boqun's old age mind.
There should be two meanings to "the moon rises to the east": one is to show that Fan Boqun is eager to pursue his academic career, even in his later years, he is still ambitious; the second is to express Fan Boqun's hope as a mentor to "later people", he hopes to start The disciplinary field and path of academic study can be continued by the disciples, generation after generation, development and innovation. He said: "The handover between the sun and the moon reflects this endless succession from generation to generation. It can really be described as" sun and moon, glorious and beautiful! "
Fan Boqun is a tutor for doctoral students and a middle school teacher. He has trained a group of undergraduates and graduate students. Some of these students have become PhD supervisors, some have become leaders of enterprises and institutions, and others have retired, but no matter how much the students have achieved, they will remember the teacher's gratitude.
The teacher is kind. Fan Boqun regards students as their own children, and has strict requirements in teaching and care in life. As long as the student asks for help, even if it is only a family matter, he will help. One of his students at Night University recalled: "For more than 30 years, I have had hundreds of frequent contacts with Fan Lao, all of whom are personal contacts, without a professional. Fan Lao is approachable and has no literary status. Every time When he meets, he always treats others with courtesy and asks about the strengths and weaknesses. From writing to work to housework, he knows everything. Sometimes, Fan Lao also shares his secrets with me, and he gives me generosity, love, and equality. I feel warm like a spring breeze. So that in front of him, I can open my heart and confide my joy and sorrow to him without any concealment, without concealing or defending. "This kind of frank and candid exchange can be seen Show a person's temperament. For teachers and scholars, they can achieve a noble and immortal.
Unlike other mentors, Fan Boqun not only trains his own students, but also teaches his students. He fostered the growth of two generations of students. This is rare in the academic world. In 2000, Fan Boqun edited and participated in the writing of "History of Modern and Popular Literature in China", which was published, and won many awards. The co-author of this heavy book was mainly Fan Boqun's disciple.
The publication of "History of Chinese Modern and Popular Literature" has become a pivotal issue in the field of modern Chinese literature. Disciples Fan Men made a collective appearance in this work. "Fanmen disciple" is the honorable name of the popular literature research team led by Fan Boqun in academic circles, as well as the collective name of the scholars cultivated by Fan Boqun. They are active in universities, research institutions and cultural units across the country and are senior forces in scientific research, teaching and cultural production. Some of them have already been in the flower armor, but they are still imparting Fan Men's wind to the next generation of scholars.
In 2017, the 86-year-old Fan Boqun, editor-in-chief and co-author of "Research on Chinese Modern Popular Literature and Popular Culture Intertextuality," was published. Most of the collaborators in this book are Fan Boqun's re-disciples. He personally convened these junior students for meetings and seminars, and revised the manuscripts for them.
Every word of "Research on Chinese Modern Popular Literature and Popular Culture Intertextuality" is devoted to the mentality of Ren Shifan Boqun, and its publication has also received great attention and high praise from the academic circle. Fan Boqun wrote in the "Postscript": "I also deeply feel that through the practice of this project, popular literature research has been succeeded by others. The" third generation "must be able to take over the baton of the first and second generation of researchers. I am sure that the research direction will be endless, passed down from generation to generation, and there is hope that blue is better than blue, which makes me very happy! "
Unfortunately, after 10 months, Mr. Fan Boqun drove to the west of the crane, and his two generations of disciples could no longer hold Mu Ze's favor. However, academic life is everlasting, and Fan Boqun's broad mind and high-level vision have profoundly affected "Fanmen disciples" and inspired them to work hard.
The day before Fan Boqun was hospitalized in critical condition, he was still in his simple hut, using a computer to write an enlarged version of "Chinese Modern Popular Literature History". His academic achievements have already spread overseas, and his mind is still the same. In his later years, he described his academic research as "climbing hillslopes". "Hillslopes" climbed one after another, in the eyes of others.
Fan Boqun was upright throughout his life. He was not lazy because of his reputation, nor was he proud of his reputation. He is a gentleman with a gentle vein. He practiced the word "person" learned from Jia Zhifang and passed it on to his students. From generation to generation, the spirit of scholars continues.
Xiaowang Mountain in the western suburbs of Suzhou is green and peaceful, quiet and peaceful. Fan Boqun, a generation of scholars who came to Gusu City at the age of 14 has been dormant. Despite his long life, he is determined. The inscription engraved on his tombstone said: "Fudan's true nature, Gusu vicissitudes. Good research and customs, Hong Zhong is a great wasteland. The wind of the people and the mountains are high."
(Author: Zhang Lei, female, professor of College of Soochow University)