The construction of the second phase of the Huaihe River into the sea begins, and the construction of the national water network is accelerated

Weaving nets for rivers and rivers to control water and benefit the people (first-line research)

  "Walking thousands of times is not as good as the banks of the Huaihe River".

It leaves Tongbai, travels to Jianghuai and faces the Yellow Sea, and flows through the Huaihe River, which flows through Henan, Hubei, Anhui, and Jiangsu, with fertile fields on both sides.

  The Huaihe River is the first major river under comprehensive and systematic governance in New China.

From no way to the sea, water system disorder to storage and drainage, dredging the way out, the management of Huai has been a long-term contribution.

On July 30, the Huaihe River governance ushered in a new node - the second phase of the Huaihe River into the sea channel project officially started.

According to reports, the total investment of the project is about 43.8 billion yuan, which is the largest single flood control project in the history of more than 70 years of Huaihe control.

  Since the beginning of this year, a number of important nodes of major water conservancy projects have been realized one after another, the construction of water conservancy infrastructure network has been fully promoted, and the construction of the national water network has also been accelerated.

Data from the Ministry of Water Resources shows that from January to June this year, the national investment in water conservancy construction was 444.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 59.5%.

  What benefits will the second phase of the Huaihe River into the sea channel project bring?

What progress has been made in the construction of the national water network?

Make up for shortcomings, tackle difficult problems, and weave water nets

  The difficulty of the Huai River lies in entering the sea.

"Affected by the Yellow River's seizure of the Huaihe River in history, after the middle reaches of the river flowed to Hongze Lake, it either entered the sea through the Yangtze River, or entered the sea through the Northern Jiangsu Irrigation Canal, the branch Huai into the Yishui Channel, etc., and the tail was not smooth." The Huaihe River of the Ministry of Water Resources Wu Guiqin, director of the Planning and Planning Division of the Water Resources Commission, introduced the event.

  The unique river situation and water situation bring many challenges to the governance of the Huaihe River.

"The river channel is 'upturned at both ends and a depression in the middle'. Every time there is heavy rainfall in the basin, the source of the river in the upper reaches is short and fast, and the middle reaches slowly in the Jianghuai Plain. The downstream Hongze Lake is not smooth and has insufficient flood discharge capacity into the sea. Slow, flood disasters occur frequently." Wu Guiqin said.

  Over the years, a series of key projects to control the Huaihe River have been accelerated around the dredging of the seawater channel. After the completion of the first-phase project of the seawater channel in 2003, it played an important role in preventing floods in the Huaihe River Basin.

"At the same time, the flood control standards of Hongze Lake need to be improved, the flood storage and detention areas are frequently used, and the way for floods from the Huai River to enter the sea needs to be further expanded," said Qiao Jianhua, deputy director of the Planning and Planning Department of the Ministry of Water Resources.

  Digging wide and deep river channels, raising heights to reinforce embankments, and expanding control hubs—the second phase of the project has increased the designed flood flow rate of the water inlet channel from 2,270 cubic meters per second to 7,000 cubic meters per second, which can further improve the flood control and storage of Hongze Lake. It can accelerate the flood discharge in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River, and effectively ensure the flood control safety of more than 20 million people and more than 30 million mu of cultivated land in the Huaihe River Basin.

  What are the breakthroughs in the construction technology of the second phase of the project to let the Huaihe River flow directly into the sea?

  Facing the dense water network, expand the "water overpass".

At the Huai'an Water Conservancy Project, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal intersects with the waterway.

The aqueduct is flying, the canal is on it, and the ships are in shuttle.

The culverts are densely arranged, and the water inlet channel flows from below.

"The second phase of the project will widen the water channel. After comparing several plans, we will first build a navigation channel to ensure the canal continues to sail, and then restore the original channel after the construction period is over." Director of Planning Division I of China Water Huaihe Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd. Zhang Xuejun introduced.

  For silt soil, overcome the problem of settlement and deformation.

One-third of the 162.3-kilometer-long sea entry channel is a silt section.

"The maximum thickness of silt is 34 meters, and the stability is poor. Through special research, the project adopts 'soil embankment + wave retaining wall' and the method of controlling the filling rate to solve this challenge." Zhang Xuejun said.

  The second-phase project of the Huaihe River into the sea is a microcosm of the construction of the national water network.

Since the beginning of this year, major water conservancy projects should be fully opened, and between rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, the network should be connected to strengthen the network.

In the first half of this year, there were 14,000 new water conservancy projects, including 750 projects with an investment of more than 100 million yuan.

  "The 'National Water Network' has been written into the '14th Five-Year' Plan Outline, and the water conservancy department has made overall planning and scientific layout to build a national water system with a 'complete system, safe and reliable, intensive and efficient, green and intelligent, smooth circulation, and orderly regulation'. Internet." Qiao Jianhua said.

  What is the national water network like?

The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Water Resources introduced that the high-quality development of the follow-up projects of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project will be promoted, the implementation of major water diversion projects will be accelerated, and the “outline” of the national water network will be built; The goal is to fully tap the water supply potential of the existing regulation and storage projects, speed up the construction of key water source projects, etc., so as to firmly establish the “knot” of the national water network.

Adjust dryness and abundance, irrigate fertile fields, protect tranquility

  Why was the National Water Network built?

  From a spatial point of view, the water resources in the Yangtze River Basin and its south account for 81% of the country; in the area north of the Yangtze River Basin, the water resources are only 19%.

In terms of time, 60-70% of the precipitation in my country is concentrated in three or four months during the flood season.

"It is imperative to build a national water network to solve the problem of uneven distribution of water resources in the summer, flood, winter and dry season, and shortages in the north and Nanfeng," said Qiao Jianhua.

  The dome is surrounded by green grassland, and the Chuoer River and Xiliao River are like two parallel jade belts, one south and one north, meandering.

  On the Chuoer River, a 48-meter-high dam is rising from the ground - the Wendgen Reservoir, which is under construction, is the "big water tank" for the project of attracting Chuo to Liaoning.

"Pouring concrete and installing steel bars, we are going all out to sprint to the node where water will be stored in September." Xu Erhu, deputy production manager of the construction project department of the China Hydropower 15th Bureau, said.

  The total length of the project is more than 390 kilometers. Through water pipelines, tunnels, hidden culverts, inverted siphons, etc., the Chuoer River and the Xiliao River are "hand in hand" in the grasslands.

"After the completion of the project, the average water diversion volume for many years can reach 454 million cubic meters, which can supply water to 9 banner counties, urban areas and 11 industrial parks." Xilin, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and general manager of Inner Mongolia Water Investment Group Co., Ltd. said.

  A piece of water network, scientific allocation of water resources, will give full play to the comprehensive benefits of water supply, irrigation, flood control, and ecological restoration.

  "In the past, when the water usage peaked, I would receive notices of water cutoff from time to time; even if there was water, secondary pressure was required," said Zhang Min, a resident of Bozhou City, Anhui Province.

Bozhou's per capita water resources are 487 cubic meters, less than 1/4 of the national per capita water resources.

  The project of diverting the Yangtze River to the Huaihe River allows the water of the Yangtze River to cross the watershed and connect with the Huaihe River, helping 55 counties (cities and districts) in 15 cities in Anhui and Henan to "quench their thirst".

At present, the emergency water supply project for diverting Jiangxi to Huaizhou City in Bozhou City is the first to complete and realize the water supply, and the water shortage problem of more than 700,000 people in Bozhou has been effectively solved.

  Water network project to provide water support for agricultural production.

  In Nanmu Town, Guiping City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, a mechanical iron arm broke the ground, and construction of the Datangxia Water Control Project started, with a designed irrigation area of ​​1,001,000 mu.

After completion, the water from the Xijiang River can irrigate the grain and sugar production base in Guizhong.

  "Water resources are the basic, leading and controlling elements of economic and social development, and the carrying space of water determines the space for economic and social development. The purpose of the construction of the national water network is to solve the mismatch between the endowment of water resources and the layout of economic and social development. "Contradiction." said Li Yuanyuan, vice president of the General Institute of Water Planning of the Ministry of Water Resources.

  The national water network communicates the north and the south, and adjusts the surplus and deficiency.

The "Guiding Opinions on Implementing Major National Water Network Projects" issued by the Ministry of Water Resources proposed that by 2025, a number of national water network backbone projects will be built, and the construction of provincial, municipal and county water networks will be implemented in an orderly manner, and efforts will be made to make up for water resources allocation and urban and rural water supply. , flood control and drainage, water ecological protection, water network intelligence and other shortcomings and weak links, and the ability to ensure water security has been further improved.

Among them, a number of major water diversion and key water source projects have been built, with an additional water supply capacity of 29 billion cubic meters; the level of urban and rural water supply security has been further improved, and the penetration rate of tap water in rural areas has reached 88%; , restore the effective irrigation area of ​​15 million mu.

Needed, Ecologically Safe, Sustainable

  How to build the national water network?

  "To build a major national water network project, follow the principles of demonstration of major water conservancy projects that are truly necessary, ecologically safe, and sustainable, and scientifically promote planning and construction." Qiao Jianhua introduced.

  "Take the second phase project of the Huaihe River into the sea as an example, in the early stage of demonstration, relevant departments and units carried out full demonstrations around difficulties such as flood analysis, scale demonstration, and design of overpasses and culverts. Since 2012, the feasibility study report has experienced After 4 rounds of review and multiple revisions by the competent department, it was approved." Wu Guiqin introduced.

  "The construction of the second phase of the project is an urgent need for the management of the Huaihe River." Chen Jie, director of the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Water Resources, said, "After the construction of the second phase of the project, it will protect 27,000 square kilometers of land in the Hongze Lake Embankment Reserve and more than 10 large and medium-sized buildings. Urban flood control is safe; through proper dredging, reconstruction and expansion of hubs along the route and bridges across the river, it can meet the navigation requirements of Class II waterways, and create conditions for improving the level of the Huaihe River's sea-going waterway and increasing transportation capacity."

  Construction of major water conservancy projects, but also to adhere to the ecological priority.

  In the Datangxia Water Control Project, the double fish road imitating the natural river is placed in the middle to allow the fish to migrate smoothly; in the promotion of the river diversion project to fill the Han Dynasty, the relevant departments have completed more than 20 field environmental monitoring of 240 sections (points). , ecological investigation and on-site investigation and review work... "From planning and site selection to construction and operation of major water conservancy projects, adhere to avoiding the red line of ecological protection, clarify the requirements for ecological flow leakage, and try to avoid or reduce the adverse impact on the ecology. At this stage, strictly carry out environmental impact assessment." Qiao Jianhua said.

  In addition, the major national water network projects have a long industrial chain, attract a large amount of investment, and create a lot of employment, which play an important role in stabilizing the macroeconomic market.

In the first half of the year, a total of 1.3 million people were employed in water conservancy construction, which provided strong support for stable growth and employment.

  "The Ministry of Water Resources has established a vertical and horizontal work promotion mechanism to form a joint force." Qiao Jianhua introduced that in terms of vertical promotion, the key nodes of the whole chain, such as project land pre-review, project EIA, feasibility study approval, and construction start time, were detailed one by one, and the time of establishment Table, roadmap; in terms of horizontal coordination mechanism, establish a consultation mechanism with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, etc., and follow up the pre-requisites in a timely manner.

  According to reports, this year, the Ministry of Water Resources will focus on promoting the allocation of major water resources and the construction of key water source projects such as the diversion of water from the Yangtze River to the Huaihe River, the diversion of water from central Yunnan to Yunnan, the allocation of water resources in the Pearl River Delta, the Qumutang Reservoir in Hunan, and the Fengshan Reservoir in Guizhou.

At present, 25 major water conservancy projects have been started, with an investment scale of 226.1 billion yuan, which is the largest number of projects started and the largest investment scale in the same period over the years. .

  ■Extended reading

  Speed ​​up the construction of major water conservancy projects

  At present, a total of 25 major water conservancy projects have been started, with an investment scale of 226.1 billion yuan.

The Ministry of Water Resources has accelerated the progress of the implementation of projects under construction, promoted the opening of new projects more and earlier, and ensured the completion of the annual goals and tasks of water conservancy construction.

  Flood control engineering and safety construction projects in Luze and Ningjinbo flood storage and detention areas in Hebei Province:

  The project, which started on July 29, is one of the 150 major water conservancy projects deployed and implemented by the State Council, with a total investment of 3.369 billion yuan and a total construction period of 36 months.

The Daluze and Ningjinbo flood storage and detention areas are 69 kilometers long from north to south and 39 kilometers wide from east to west. They are the largest flood storage and detention area in Hebei Province and the third largest flood storage and detention area in the country. North China oilfield and railway safety play an important role.

  Remediation Project of Wuhu Section of Yangtze River in Anhui Province:

  The project, which started on June 30, is one of the 150 major water conservancy projects deployed and implemented by the State Council, with a total investment of 1.09 billion yuan and a total construction period of 36 months.

The project focuses on flood protection and security, and takes into account the comprehensive benefits of shoreline utilization and environmental protection.

After the project is completed, it will further enhance the flood control capacity, effectively improve the ecological environment, and effectively promote the high-quality economic and social development of the coastal areas.

  New expansion project of Qishui Irrigation District in Qichun County, Hubei Province:

  The project, which started in October 2021, is one of the 150 major water conservancy projects deployed and promoted by the State Council, with a total investment of 1.51 billion yuan and a designed irrigation area of ​​386,700 mu. It is currently progressing in an orderly manner.

After the project is completed, it will effectively and effectively solve the problems of agricultural irrigation and water shortage in urban and rural areas in Qichun County, improve the comprehensive grain production capacity of the irrigation area, increase the income of farmers, and consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation.

  Water ecological restoration and management project in the lower reaches of Mulan River:

  The project, which started on May 19, is one of the 55 major water conservancy projects to be promoted this year.

The project not only takes into account the efficient use of water resources and the restoration of the water ecological environment, but also integrates the construction of digital twin watersheds, innovates investment and financing methods, and adopts market-oriented operations.

  (Our reporter Wang Hao and Yin Xiaoyu)