Securities Times reporter Wu Shaolong
The new journey of "4 trillion", Shenzhen's construction blueprint is slowly unfolding, and industry and manufacturing have become key words.
"By 2025, the core competitiveness of the modern industrial system will be greatly improved, the development of the new economy will take the lead in the world, and it will be at the forefront of the country in building a system and mechanism for high-quality development. The total economic volume will exceed 4 trillion yuan, and the added value of strategic emerging industries will exceed 1.5 trillion yuan." Shenzhen set a target in the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline.
As the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", Shenzhen's economy has encountered challenges in the face of the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shock, and weakening expectations.
For the first time, the regional GDP exceeded the 3 trillion yuan mark, a year-on-year increase of 6.7%, and the growth rate was at the bottom of the top ten cities in China.
The economic slowdown points to the secondary industry, which is dominated by industry.
If you don't know enough, move forward.
The 2022 Shenzhen Municipal Government Work Report released in April this year put together "manufacturing" and "establishing a city".
According to the available data, this is the first time since 2001 that the report has a separate chapter on the manufacturing industry, pointing to "creating a new situation in Shenzhen's reform and development".
Subsequently, a series of relevant policy documents were issued successively.
In May, Shenzhen issued 30 measures to promote the steady growth of the industrial economy and improve the quality, clearly "creating a new pattern of industrial establishment and striving for new advantages in a strong manufacturing city"; in June, Shenzhen issued "On the Development and Growth of Strategic Emerging Industrial Clusters and Opinions on Cultivating and Developing Future Industries", naming the "20+8" industries; in the same month, three departments including Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission jointly issued the "Shenzhen Action Plan for Cultivating and Developing Future Industries (2022-2025)".
The repeated moves have boosted the confidence of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry and attracted the attention of the market.
To this end, the Securities Times reporter interviewed a number of representatives of Shenzhen's local manufacturing companies, experts and scholars, to further explore the future development path of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry.
Shenzhen's strong manufacturing city has a demonstration effect
Let’s first look at a set of data: in 2021, the added value of my country’s manufacturing industry will account for 27.4% of GDP, which is the first rebound in the proportion of manufacturing industry after the continuous decline in the past decade.
At present, my country's economic development is facing the triple pressure of demand contraction, supply shock, and weakening expectations.
Under the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the evolution of the century-old situation has accelerated, and the external environment has become more complex, severe and uncertain.
Manufacturing data rose "against the trend", showing its important role in "stabilizing growth".
In December last year, when the Central Economic Work Conference deployed the economic work in 2022, it proposed that "it is necessary to enhance the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry, start a number of industrial base reengineering projects, and stimulate the emergence of a large number of 'specialized, special and new' enterprises."
The outline of the "14th Five-Year" development plan also puts forward, "Insist on focusing on the development of the economy on the real economy, accelerate the construction of a strong manufacturing country and a strong quality country, promote the deep integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, and strengthen the supporting and leading role of infrastructure. , to build a modern industrial system with coordinated development of real economy, technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources."
In the context of a strong manufacturing country, the local level is also accelerating the introduction of support policies to encourage the development of the manufacturing industry.
Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces have put forward relevant deployments of "powerful manufacturing province".
Among them, the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the high-quality development of Guangdong's manufacturing industry proposes to "adhere to the establishment of a manufacturing province and unswervingly", "accelerate the realization of the historic transformation from a large manufacturing province to a strong manufacturing province, and promote Guangdong to create a new development pattern." strategic pivot".
In Guangdong Province, before Shenzhen proposed "adhering to the foundation of manufacturing a city", Guangzhou, also the core city of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, also proposed in the government work report released in January this year, "adhering to industry first, manufacturing Industry City".
In an interview with a Securities Times reporter, Cao Zhongxiong, an expert from the Economic Team of the Shenzhen Pilot Demonstration Zone and Director of the Digital Strategy and Economic Research Institute of the China (Shenzhen) Comprehensive Development Research Institute, said that as an economic fundamental, stabilizing the manufacturing industry will actually stabilize the manufacturing industry. The basic carrier of innovation-driven development.
Shenzhen put forward "adhering to the foundation of manufacturing a city" and "creating a new industrial pattern", which echoes the central government's judgment on the current economy, and also meets the requirements of Guangdong Province to build a "powerful manufacturing province".
At present, China's urban industry has entered the era of trillions of yuan. Shenzhen is the only city with a total industrial output value exceeding 4 trillion yuan and an industrial added value exceeding one trillion yuan.
According to the data, in 2021, the total industrial output value of Shenzhen's above-scale industries will exceed 4 trillion yuan for the first time, reaching 4.13 trillion yuan, ranking first among large and medium-sized cities in the country for three consecutive years; the total industrial added value is 1.04 trillion yuan, second only to Shanghai.
In addition, in 2021, Shenzhen will add more than 1,760 industrial enterprises above designated size; 134 new national "specialized, special and new" small giant enterprises will be added, ranking fourth in the country; 19 new national manufacturing champions will be added, ranking first in the country .
"As a pioneering demonstration area, a central city in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and an important industrial town in my country, Shenzhen emphasizes 'a city with industry and a strong city in manufacturing', which has a demonstration effect." Cao Zhongxiong said.
Advantages and Challenges of Shenzhen Manufacturing
In the overall development of the national and provincial manufacturing industry, Shenzhen's focus on manufacturing is an important part.
Based on its own reality, it is emphasized that "building an industrial city and a strong manufacturing city" is the current and future development needs of Shenzhen.
Throughout the development of Shenzhen over the past 40 years, industry, especially manufacturing, has always been an important part of supporting Shenzhen's rapid development.
Starting from the "three to one supplement", Shenzhen has laid a solid foundation for industry; from the industrialization represented by imitation and innovation to the determination to change the cage and eliminate low-end and backward production capacity, Shenzhen has won the name of "world factory"; from the development of high-tech industries , to build an international scientific and technological innovation center with global influence, "Made in Shenzhen" has entered a new stage of development.
Under the new stage of development, if Shenzhen wants to "create a new pattern of industrial establishment and strive for new advantages in a strong manufacturing city", it needs to find out the advantages and disadvantages of the manufacturing industry, and realize the advantages and disadvantages.
From the perspective of the entire manufacturing industry, Ren Ting, deputy dean of Peking University HSBC Business School, said in an interview with a Securities Times reporter that Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has four important characteristics: first, complete supporting facilities and strong industrial chain traction; second, industrial The leading, innovative and cutting-edge nature of the industry is relatively strong; third, the iteration of advanced industries is relatively fast, and the spillover effect is obvious; fourth, the scale effect of industrial agglomeration is relatively prominent.
These basic characteristics all reflect that Shenzhen's role as an engine for the development of advanced industries within the Greater Bay Area is constantly strengthening.
As a local enterprise, Kodali established and took root in Shenzhen, and developed into a leading manufacturer of battery precision structural parts at home and abroad, witnessing the development of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry.
Li Jianjian, chairman of Kodali, said in an interview with a Securities Times reporter that Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has three major advantages: first-mover advantage, window advantage, and innovation advantage.
He introduced that, first of all, since the reform and opening up, the development of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has always been at the forefront of the country. From the early processing of supplied materials, to the later independent manufacturing, to the current high-end intelligent manufacturing, compared with other important cities, Shenzhen's First-mover advantages are very obvious; secondly, Shenzhen has always been an important window for my country's opening up, and Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has naturally become a window to connect with the world's manufacturing industries, which in turn makes Shenzhen's manufacturing industry more sensitive than other important cities. , closer to the world level; third, the technological level of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has achieved a transformation from low to high, especially in the past ten years, Shenzhen's manufacturing industry has accelerated to high-end intelligent manufacturing.
However, in recent years, there are some challenges and deficiencies in the development of Shenzhen's economy and manufacturing industry.
The 2022 Shenzhen Municipal Government Work Report mentioned that "it will take time to solve the problem of 'stuck neck' in key core technologies, and the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain and supply chain need to be further improved; the stamina and added value of industrial development need to be enhanced, and the manufacturing industry will increase. In addition, the document "Shenzhen City's Action Plan for Cultivating and Developing Future Industries (2022-2025)" points out that Shenzhen's manufacturing industry "has an unbalanced industrial structure and an excessive proportion of a single industry. High-quality, key core technologies are controlled by people, and scientific and technological innovation support is not enough to lead high-quality development. It is urgent to cultivate new industrial growth points, enhance independent innovation capabilities, strengthen leading enterprise clusters, strengthen scientific and technological innovation, and improve the resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain.”
These challenges and deficiencies are not only the common problems faced by the current national manufacturing development stage, but also the obstacles faced by Shenzhen's own development stage, which is dominated by an export-oriented economy.
"Many manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen are still a 'supporter' in the global industrial chain, with relatively weak voice and pricing power," Cao Zhongxiong pointed out.
In addition, the contradiction between supply and demand of related supporting facilities, mainly due to the shortage of industrial land, is often concerned.
Li Jianjian said: "In terms of industrial land, Shenzhen is currently unable to meet the rapid expansion needs of enterprises."
The "20+8" industrial structure is becoming more and more perfect
Based on giving full play to its own industrial advantages, strengthening the shortcomings of the industrial chain, and strengthening industrial supporting support, under the strategic goal of "adhering to the foundation of the manufacturing industry and enhancing the competitiveness of the modern industrial system", Shenzhen has successively issued targeted measures to promote the stability of the industrial economy. 30 measures for growth and quality improvement, the development and expansion of "20+8" industries, and the action plan for cultivating and developing future industries are three supporting policies and measures.
Among them, the document on the development and expansion of the "20+8" industry is undoubtedly the focus of the market.
After more than 40 years of development, Shenzhen has formed seven strategic emerging industries.
Today, Shenzhen will further expand into an industrial cluster of "20 strategic emerging industries + 8 future industries".
Ren Ting said that Shenzhen has always attached great importance to manufacturing, especially strategic emerging industries and high-end manufacturing, in the process of economic development. Follow the forefront of technological innovation and industrial development.
The "20+8" industry catalogue can see the continuity, cutting-edge and forward-looking development of Shenzhen's nurturing manufacturing industry.
As far as the "20+8" industrial layout is concerned, in Ren Ting's view, such a configuration has a certain level of logic. The 20 industrial clusters mainly refine the past strategic emerging industries combined with new technological development trends, such as network and Communications, semiconductors and integrated circuits, ultra-high-definition video displays, smart terminals, and smart sensors are mainly industrial clusters centered on a new generation of information technology. Strong potential; the eight future industries reflect the current infancy stage and are likely to grow into leading industrial clusters in stages in the future, and these future industries reflect the overall direction of global technological development, and are also the direction that Shenzhen will focus on making breakthroughs in the future .
Cao Zhongxiong said that although the document did not clarify the priorities for the development of the "20+8" industry, considering the development of Shenzhen's manufacturing industry, the main ideas for developing and expanding the "20+8" industry can be divided into three parts.
The first is to give full play to the leading role of Shenzhen's advantageous industries, such as network communications, smart terminals and other industries; the second is to supplement the chain for some key core technology links in the industrial chain; the third is to build a more complete ecological chain, so as to form a scale effect and promote the industry and sustainable development of cities.
"There is a key word here that we should focus on, and that is 'cluster'," added Cao Zhongxiong.
As an expert in industrial investment, Wang Qiwen, CEO of Cornerstone Capital, also paid attention to the keyword "cluster".
In an interview with a Securities Times reporter, he said that it is impossible for any industry to develop through a single point breakthrough in a single link, but must form an industrial cluster in order to form the industrial power of the city.
Regarding the layout of the "20+8" industry, Wang Qiwen believes that "the introduction of this document has basically improved the entire industrial structure of Shenzhen."
Capital and industry take action
The direction is set, how to speed up the development of related industrial clusters?
The interviewed experts and entrepreneurs suggested that the efficient allocation capabilities of the market and Shenzhen's innovation advantages should be fully utilized to promote the implementation of related industries.
Ren Ting said that supporting the development of advanced manufacturing is also inseparable from the development of modern service industries, including the financial industry, as well as the creation of a livable and business-friendly environment in cities. It is necessary to form a wide range of attractiveness for both domestic and overseas, which requires comprehensive supporting cities. development policy.
As a representative of the capital side, Wang Qiwen said that the industry and venture capital are mutually reinforcing. The implementation of the industry requires the source of funds for venture capital, and the management of funds also requires professional market-oriented institutions to land.
It will form a virtuous circle: the industry is good, the industry is attractive, the investment increases, and the investment in turn promotes the development of some industries.
Wang Qiwen said that it is necessary to continue to give full play to the advantages of Shenzhen's scientific and technological innovation, emphasizing original technology basic research and applied technology research, that is, from 0 to 1 stage, the proportion of Shenzhen's basic research and applied technology research in the entire R&D investment cannot be less than 30%.
Shenzhen manufacturing enterprises pay more attention to industrial research and development and how to realize industrial space.
In an interview with a Securities Times reporter, Zhu Xingming, chairman of Huichuan Technology, said that due to the limitation of industrial space, Shenzhen's development of manufacturing must be based on high-end.
In addition, technology also needs to be open, and it is necessary to build a line of production, education and research, and finally let the technology be implemented by the enterprise to realize industrialization.
"In order to accelerate industrial development, it is recommended to cultivate a group of high-quality leading enterprises, promote a group of key core technologies to achieve major breakthroughs, and build a group of modern advanced manufacturing parks and world-class 'lighthouse factories'." Li Jianli said, "It is recommended to adhere to one Industrial clusters correspond to a list of leading enterprises and 'hidden champion' enterprises, improve the industrial space guarantee system, adhere to centralized contiguous, intensive and economical, highlight high-end advanced manufacturing, increase the strength of contiguous land preparation in the park, implement regional ecological environment assessment, and build A batch of customized factories will provide a solid space guarantee for the development of the industry." Wang Qiwen said that there are still differences in the industries of various districts in Shenzhen, and each district cannot be required to be large and complete. The power of transformation will naturally form the industrial focus of each district, and avoid the formation of homogeneous competition in each district.
Basically, each industry in this plan also focuses on regional development, taking into account the industrial balance and scientific planning among various districts.
"The '20+8' industrial cluster covers all districts in the city and forms a cross-administrative industrial layout. This is the correct spatial layout idea, and a certain coordination mechanism needs to be formed." Ren Ting suggested that further consideration should be given to the surrounding cities in the Greater Bay Area. the convergence of industrial clusters.
Because the development of industrial clusters has its own laws and is not necessarily affected by administrative divisions, it is necessary to take advantage of the situation and strive to promote an industrial cluster highland within the Greater Bay Area with Shenzhen as the engine.
The reporter learned that the release of relevant policies not only attracted the attention of all parties, but also came from capital, industry and other institutions.
"We will increase investment in Shenzhen. The introduction of Shenzhen's '20+8' industrial plan will fill in many industries, which will bring more investment opportunities to venture capital institutions." Wang Qiwen revealed to reporters.
Recently, Shenzhen Private Equity Association established Shenzhen Venture Capital Professional Committee and Equity Investment Professional Committee.
At the inaugural meeting, the committee has reached a consensus: it will take the initiative to take the initiative and fulfill its responsibilities closely around the two main goals of building an international venture capital and venture capital center in Shenzhen and serving the "20+8" industrial plan of the Shenzhen Municipal Government, and lead industry institutions to focus on investors. to support Shenzhen's industrial upgrading plan.
There are also representative enterprises in Shenzhen's manufacturing industry who have taken action.
"Shenzhen proposes to focus on cultivating and developing eight future industries, which coincides with the investment strategy of CIMC Vehicles." The relevant person in charge of CIMC Vehicles revealed to the reporter that previously, CIMC Vehicles and Shenzhen Angel Investment Guidance Fund have jointly established Shenzhen Bay Angel Phase III Fund, the main investment direction is to support and encourage the development of Shenzhen's strategic emerging industries and future industries.
Zhu Xingming said that Huichuan will actively embrace the localized application of upstream raw materials through continuous high-proportion R&D and high-end talent training and introduction.
It is believed that Huichuan can also enjoy the localization dividend of core components, and thus become a beneficiary in the construction of this industrial chain cluster.