Several pairs of relationships need to be dealt with to achieve the "dual carbon" goal

  Wang Houshuang Zhao Chunli

  my country strives to achieve carbon peaks by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. It is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, which demonstrates my country's responsibility to actively respond to climate change and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Responsibility fully embodies the deep concern and initiative of a responsible major country for the future and destiny of man and nature.

  We need to realize that to achieve the "dual-carbon" goal on schedule requires a series of hard work and face very severe challenges.

On the one hand, with economic and social development, my country's energy demand is relatively strong.

The resource endowment of "rich coal, poor oil, and less gas" makes it difficult for my country to reduce its dependence on coal for energy consumption in the short term, and the energy transition is more difficult.

Data show that in 2020, my country’s installed capacity of wind and photovoltaic power generation will total 400 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world, but it has not yet reached 5% of the country’s energy consumption.

By 2030, the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power in my country is expected to reach over 1.2 billion kilowatts, but its proportion of primary energy consumption is also very limited.

On the other hand, the realization of the "dual carbon" goal is a broad and profound economic and social systemic change, involving all aspects of ecological environment, technology, management and other issues.

In this regard, it is necessary to strengthen systematic thinking, broaden strategic vision, do a good job in top-level design, take multiple measures, make overall plans, and effectively enhance the principle, system, foresight and creativity of related work, especially to deal with several pairs of relationships.

  One is to handle the relationship between carbon peak and carbon neutrality.

Carbon peaking is a means and a precondition for carbon neutrality. Only by achieving carbon peaking can the goal of carbon neutrality be achieved.

The earlier the carbon peak is achieved and the lower the peak, the lower the cost and difficulty of reducing emissions. The less pressure and the lower the cost to achieve carbon neutrality, the greater the benefits.

Conversely, the higher the carbon peak, the faster the technological progress and the transformation of development mode required to achieve carbon neutrality, the greater the difficulty and the greater the price to pay.

Therefore, the carbon peak time and peak level should be determined under the constraints of the carbon neutral vision, and continuous efforts should be made to break down and release the pressure, enter a virtuous circle as soon as possible, and finally achieve carbon neutrality smoothly.

  The second is to properly handle the relationship between development and emission reduction.

my country is in the stage of rapid development of industrialization and urbanization. The energy structure and industrial structure are not yet optimized enough, and the inertia of carbon emissions is large and path dependence is strong.

my country promises to achieve the time from carbon peak to carbon neutrality, which is far shorter than the time taken by developed countries, and the task is arduous.

We must deeply understand and better handle the relationship between development and emission reduction, incorporate carbon peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction, and promote it from the perspective of overall development.

At the same time, we must also realize that my country’s development is in a period of important strategic opportunities. The development of the new era and new stage must implement the new development concept and must be high-quality development. It is necessary to gradually form a green and healthy development in the practice of achieving the "double carbon" goal The sustainable development method accelerates the construction of an economic system for green and low-carbon circular development.

  The third is to properly handle the relationship between solving short-term problems and achieving mid- and long-term vision.

In the face of severe and complex risks and challenges, it is necessary to fully understand the arduousness and complexity of the energy transition and reform, but also to pragmatically solve the current prominent contradictions, and effectively unify the time-series relationship between solving short-term problems and achieving mid- and long-term visions in the realization of " "Double carbon" goal is in progress.

  The fourth is to properly handle the relationship between production and consumption.

Judging from the ranking of my country's carbon emissions, the first is the energy sector, accounting for about 51%; the second is the industrial sector, accounting for about 28%, of which steel, building materials, petrochemicals, etc. are high-carbon emission sectors; third It is the transportation sector, accounting for about 9.9%; the fourth is the construction sector, accounting for about 5%; the fifth is the daily consumption of residents, accounting for about 5%.

The first three types of sectors mainly focus on production, and the fourth and fifth types of sectors mainly focus on consumption.

In the process of achieving the "dual carbon" goal, we must not only pay full attention to the role of production, but also pay great attention to consumption, encourage green consumption, advocate green lifestyles, and better promote the formation of green production methods.

  On the basis of handling the above-mentioned pairs of relationships, we still need to implement prudently and multi-prongedly, step by step to promote the realization of the "dual carbon" goal as scheduled.

It is necessary to continuously optimize the energy structure, vigorously develop renewable energy, adjust the industrial structure, and better control the new capacity of high-energy-consuming projects; develop new energy technologies, energy storage technologies and other green and low-carbon new technologies, cultivate related new industries, and improve energy prices , Fiscal, taxation, green investment and financing, etc., focus on green and low-carbon development to lead the process of emission reduction, and strive to turn challenges into opportunities, not only to ensure energy security, but also to promote green and low-carbon development; fully consider the economy of various industries and regions Factors such as development level, characteristics of resource endowments, characteristics of industry and energy structure, social acceptance, etc., while taking into account scientificity, feasibility, fairness, and effectiveness, preventing simple practices such as “one size fits all” in the allocation of indicators, and ensuring normal economic and social life Operation; establish a carbon reduction accountability account, and implement the pressure transmission path through the decomposition of the carbon reduction responsibility of all relevant entities; establish a national carbon emission rights exchange, a corporate carbon emission information disclosure mechanism, a third-party certification system, etc., to clarify relevant trading rules, and improve Enterprise’s enthusiasm and initiative; while autonomously reducing carbon, it adopts flexible and diverse forms to carry out extensive and in-depth cooperation with countries on low-carbon technology research and development, talent training, project investment, trade, policy formulation, etc., to enhance China’s low-carbon Capacity for carbon development; etc.

  Achieving the "dual carbon" goal is a long-lasting tough battle, and it is also a big test of our party's ability to govern the country. It must be a complete, accurate and comprehensive implementation of the new development concept, adhere to system thinking, and lead by the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development , Taking energy, green and low-carbon development as the key, accelerate the formation of an industrial structure, production method, lifestyle, and spatial pattern that conserves resources and protects the environment, and embark on an ecologically first, green and low-carbon high-quality development path.