Rural toilet revolution: changing "willing" toileting to "exquisite" toileting

  【Economy Interface】

  Wang Dingbang didn't even think of it. Now he can use a toilet that is as "foreign" as the people in the city.

  The floor and walls are tiled, and the ceiling is equipped with a bathroom heater. There are many water heaters, sinks, showers, and flushing toilets. Stepping into Wang Dingbang's house, the toilets are clean and tidy.

  "In the past, it was just a wooden board and two bricks, a three-foot fence on all sides, and the toilet smelled so bad that there was nowhere to go." Looking back on the past, this villager in Huangbao Town, Jiangyang District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province scratched his head.

Now, using the new-style toilet, he said straightforwardly, "Even going to the toilet has become a'careful' thing."

  Wang Dingbang’s home is one of the more than 40 million households that have completed toilet renovations in rural areas across the country in recent years.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the deepening of the toilet revolution, more and more farmers will complete water and toilet changes and enjoy the convenience and benefits brought about by innovation in people's livelihood projects.

  A few days ago, General Secretary Xi Jinping made important instructions to further advance the rural toilet revolution and emphasized that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the rural toilet revolution should continue to be an important task for rural revitalization, give play to the main role of farmers, focus on local conditions, scientific guidance, and adhere to quantitative measures. Obey quality, progress and actual results. Seek good but not fast. We resolutely oppose laboring the people and money, and make a formal appearance, and move forward steadily.

  How to change from "changing face" to "changing lizi", how to change from "I want to change" to "I want to change", how to change from "small change" to "big civilization"?

More thinking, the answer is urgently needed in practice.

  1. From "changing face" to "changing lizi"-where does the village's "face value" come from

  【story】

  Shili lotus pond thyme.

In the midsummer season, in Donghusi Village, Taiyuan Town, Hengyang County, Hunan, Xianglian is refreshing and the water is green and clear.

Behind the house of the famous villager king, there is a pond "hidden" in a green lawn with a cover.

"Under the cover is the manure filter newly built last year." Wang Minggui told reporters.

According to local staff, this filter tank is composed of three grids: sedimentation tank, fermentation tank, and manure storage tank.

The toilet sewage undergoes procedures such as manure sedimentation and anaerobic digestion to remove and kill pathogens such as parasite eggs, which can achieve harmless treatment and storage of manure.

  With this filter tank, it is logical to change the water to the toilet.

  Wang Minggui said that before the toilet was changed, relatives and friends in the city came as guests. It was very inconvenient to go to the toilet with a fan to drive mosquitoes or order mosquito coils.

  "Now it's very different. The toilet at home is exactly the same as the one in the city. It's hygienic and convenient, and it has become a city style." Wang Minggui was very proud.

  "With the support of subsidies at all levels, villagers can rebuild toilets for only five to six hundred yuan." Tang Dongbei, the first secretary of Donghusi Village, is a witness to the local toilet revolution.

Nowadays, the sewage in the village has been settled, and then discharged to the nearby centralized treatment point for secondary purification, which can reach the second-class water quality standard and can be directly used for irrigation.

  Luo Quanxin, a villager in Peimo Village, Changtang Town, Jizhou District, Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province, used to be a “toiletless household”.

To go to the toilet, it is very inconvenient to go to a public toilet more than 100 meters away.

With the support of the government, a flush toilet was added to his house. The environment inside and outside the house has been greatly improved, the smell is gone, and there are fewer flies and mosquitoes.

  Nearly 8 million yuan was invested in the construction and reconstruction of rural toilets, which is the "real money" used by Jizhou District to implement the toilet revolution.

These funds were integrated from multiple departments such as rural revitalization, agriculture and rural areas, and health.

From "sprinkling pepper noodles" in the past to "focusing firepower" today, the toilet revolution has stronger financial support.

  With the adoption of the "Three-year Action Plan for Rural Human Settlement Improvement", the "toilet revolution" as one of the highlights of the rural human settlement environment improvement has gradually risen to the national level.

  Since then, the toilet revolution has gradually spread throughout the country.

From 2019 to 2020, the central government will allocate 14.4 billion yuan to support and guide all regions to promote the popularization of sanitary latrines in rural areas where conditions permit.

The central budget has invested 6 billion yuan to support the central and western regions in the county as a unit to promote the improvement of rural human settlements such as the treatment of fecal sewage in rural toilets.

Real money has also been invested in the rural toilet revolution everywhere.

  The latest data show that by the end of 2020, the penetration rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas across the country has reached over 68%.

Since 2018, it has increased by about 5 percentage points each year, and more than 40 million rural household toilets have been renovated.

  Behind the data, the toilet revolution has become a "top-in-chief" project in many cities and counties-Jiangyang District, Luzhou City established a rural revitalization and rural human settlements leadership team led by the district party committee secretary and district head, and established a joint system. Leading the town’s cadres to package villages, supervision and notification systems, and form a "monthly consultation, monthly supervision, and monthly notification" mechanism.

  "We carefully organize and carry out a large-scale physical examination of the problem of rural toilet reform, focusing on checking whether the rural toilet reform ledger is standardized, whether the product quality is qualified, whether the three-format harmlessness meets the standard, and whether the later management and protection are in place, etc., to ensure that rural toilets are in place. The background of the revolution is clear and the status quo is clear, so that the people can truly become the beneficiaries of the toilet revolution." said Peng Yunxia, ​​director of the Jizhou District Health Commission.

  From "changing face" to "changing lining", the toilet revolution changed the beautiful countryside and also changed the quality of life.

2. "I want to change" to "I want to change"-how to reflect the main role of farmers

  【Case】

  In the summer of 2019, the masses of Yayao Village, Mulin Township, Chongxin County, Pingliang, Gansu completely bid farewell to the open dry toilets outside the hospital that were ravaged by mosquitoes and flies in summer, and used harmless sanitary toilets.

What makes the masses talk about is that the "one household, one case" construction model introduced by the local toilet revolution, "the people's affairs let the people have the final say."

Villager Wu Baoxue’s wife had a disability in her lower limbs, so she chose to renovate the three-format cesspool to flush the toilet and installed a toilet.

Some people choose double-urn non-flushing ecological sanitation toilets according to their own wishes, and some people have rebuilt harmless sanitation toilets on the basis of their own septic tanks and bathing rooms.

  The toilet revolution is a people's livelihood project, but also a popular project.

"Doing good things well" requires the masses to truly participate.

  In recent years, the rural toilet revolution has been intensified, and sanitary toilets have been continuously promoted and popularized. However, the problems exposed in the construction cannot be ignored-some places are greedy for big and fast, and the people's wishes are not fully respected. Without a comprehensive design combining geographical environment, climatic conditions, and economic levels, toilets have been rebuilt as furnishings; in some places, light pipes have been rebuilt, and supporting facilities such as water supply, power supply, and fecal and sewage treatment have not been completed. New toilets are useless...

  "To carry out the toilet revolution, we must insist on starting from reality, seeking truth from facts, adapting measures to local conditions, and fighting steadily. We must continue to rectify and eliminate the formalism and bureaucracy in the toilet revolution." Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Director Ling Zhenguo believes that it is necessary to avoid “one size fits all” and promote the implementation, implementation, implementation, and implementation of policies related to the toilet revolution.

  "To promote rural toilet reform, at least six requirements must be met." Shen Yujun, director of the Rural Energy and Environmental Protection Research Institute of the Planning and Design Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, believes that planning should be done to coordinate rural toilet reform with village and town planning; Appropriate technical model; do a good job of quality control of product equipment; the construction process should meet relevant requirements and specifications; do a good job in the back-end operation, management and maintenance of toilet construction; do a good job in the treatment and resource utilization of feces, and establish a toilet Collection and processing mechanism.

  Walking into the homes of villagers in Xingfu Village, Danling County, Meishan City, Sichuan Province, the appearance of the toilet is no different from that of an urban apartment.

  "The overall sanitary conditions in the village have improved." Villager Fu Yanfen pointed out that rural toilet reforms are often "packaged" with rural domestic waste treatment, rural sewage treatment, and the promotion of rural culture.

"One thread" strung up the new civilized fashion of the new socialist countryside.

  The purse is not bulging, the concept is new and not new, economic conditions, and living habits affect the progress of rural toilet renovation.

To change water and toilets, and to bring about a new culture of civilization, fundamentally depends on the participation of the masses.

  In order to reflect the dominant status of the masses, Hengyang City in Hunan mobilized the masses to participate in all aspects of rural toilet reform, allowing the masses to do and manage their own household affairs.

  "I participated in and supervised the entire process of toilet renovation work including the design of toilet drawings and the procurement of toilet materials." said Yan Guoliang, a villager from the Dali Group of Qingli Village, Xidu Town, Hengyang County, Hunan Province. In the past two years, he has not only built his own toilets. , Also participated in the renovation of the toilets in the whole village, changing the toilets from "outsiders" to "insiders".

3. Small changes" to "big civilization"-how to make up for the shortcomings of management and protection

  【explore】

  In Xinle City, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, an intelligent management and protection platform for toilets is loved by the people.

The toilets are connected to the intelligent management platform, and the septic tanks of the toilets are full. If you scan the QR code or make a call, there will be someone to handle it.

In Hanzhuang Village, Taoyuan Town, Jinzhou City, Hebei Province, the newly-built organic waste resource utilization center has realized the completely closed operation of harmless treatment and fertilizer production.

“Using toilet manure as raw material, through microbial biochemical treatment, it becomes harmless organic fertilizer and manure for agricultural production.” said Fan Jiantao, director of the toilet reform special class in Jinzhou City, Hebei Province. “Toilet manure and livestock and poultry manure The combined treatment solves the problem of insufficient fertility of toilet manure."

  The toilet revolution is a breakthrough in the rural living environment, and improving the rural living environment is the first tough battle to implement the rural revitalization strategy.

  What hurdles have to be passed to fight this tough battle?

  According to Li Guoxiang, a researcher at the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the current rural human settlement environment still has two outstanding shortcomings: one is that rural toilets and sewage treatment lag behind garbage treatment and environmental cleanliness; the other is that many facilities have been built. However, the follow-up management and efficient use of facilities has not kept up.

"The toilet revolution is a systematic project." Li Guoxiang said that after the drainage pipelines are built in water-scarce areas, how to deal with sewage still faces many challenges.

  In order to ensure that the rural toilets are “built, used and managed well”, Xinle City invited a third-party management and protection service company to set up a management and protection service station for rural toilets to improve and perfect the later service management system and mechanism of rural toilets.

  On the big screen of Xinle City Hebei Xuli Biomass Energy Co., Ltd., the information and data are clear at a glance, and the staff are working in an orderly manner.

According to the staff, agricultural wastes such as toilet manure, livestock and poultry manure, straw, and melon seedlings are put into fermentation tanks for fermentation, and the biogas produced during the harmless treatment is used for power generation; after separation, the solids are used to make organic fertilizer. Liquid make liquid fertilizer.

With the use of harmless treatment technology, Xinle City produces about 350,000 tons of feces from rural toilets each year, which can be harmlessly treated and used as resources, opening up the "last mile" of the rural toilet revolution.

  "To change the toilet is not just to'reform the toilet', it must be'reformed in place', and it must be changed to the heart of the people. Not only must it be improved, but it must also be managed and protected in the later stage. Only in this way can the masses use it comfortably." Fan Jiantao said.

  At a new starting point, this year's government work report proposes to initiate a five-year action to improve the rural human settlement environment.

This is not only an important content of building a beautiful China, but also a key requirement for rural revitalization, and a major project to improve people's livelihood.

  The toilet is a measure of civilization and a footnote to the development of the country.

Small toilets not only reflect the changes in Chinese people's hygiene habits, but also relate to the overall construction of beautiful villages, but also carry more far-reaching significance.

  "To promote the toilet revolution, we must not only calculate health accounts and economic accounts, but also calculate civilized accounts. We must adapt measures to local conditions, scientifically guide, insist on quality first, ensure that one is changed, and let material civilization and spiritual civilization fly together, and let the broad masses of farmers Really benefit from it." Li Guoxiang said.

(Our reporter Li Hui)