China News Service, September 22. According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, a few days ago, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Statistical Communiqué on National Science and Technology Expenditures in 2020". Zhang Qilong explained this, saying that R&D expenditures have grown rapidly, and the main role of corporate R&D investment has been prominent.

——Research and experimental development (R&D) funding input hit a new high, and the investment intensity continued to increase

  According to the "Communiqué" data, my country's total R&D investment in 2020 will exceed 2.4 trillion yuan, reaching 2439.31 billion yuan, an increase of 224.95 billion yuan over the previous year, an increase of 10.2%, continuing the double-digit growth since the "13th Five-Year Plan" period. However, due to factors such as the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the growth rate dropped by 2.3 percentage points from the previous year.

Since the growth rate of R&D expenditure is 7.2 percentage points faster than the current GDP growth rate, the R&D expenditure investment intensity (ratio to GDP) reached 2.40%, an increase of 0.16 percentage points from the previous year, and the rate of increase hit a new high in the past 11 years.

  From an international comparison, my country’s R&D funding has shown steady progress.

First, the total volume has grown steadily.

In 2020, my country’s total R&D expenditure is about 54% of the United States, 2.1 times that of Japan, ranking second in the world; from 2016 to 2019, my country’s average annual net increase in R&D expenditure exceeds 200 billion yuan, which is about the average annual average of G7 countries. 60% of the total increase has become the main force driving the growth of global R&D funding.

The second is the global leader in growth rate.

From 2016 to 2019, my country's R&D expenditure increased by an average annual rate of 11.8%, which was much faster than the United States (7.3%), Japan (0.7%) and other technological powers.

The third is to speed up the intensity of catch-up.

Among the world's major economies, my country's R&D investment intensity has risen from the 16th in the world in 2016 to the 12th, which is close to the average level of OECD countries.

——The pulling effect of the enterprise has been strengthened, and the coordinated development of the region has been further consolidated

  The pulling effect of enterprises has been further strengthened.

In 2020, corporate R&D expenditures will be 1,867.38 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4% over the previous year; the proportion of national R&D expenditures will reach 76.6%, and its contribution to national growth will reach 77.9%, an increase of 0.2 and 9.4 percentage points over the previous year, respectively, which will further promote Enhanced.

Among them, the R&D expenditure of industrial enterprises above designated size was 1,527.13 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year; the investment intensity (ratio to operating income, the same below) was 1.41%, an increase of 0.09 percentage points over the previous year.

The intensity of R&D funding in key areas has steadily increased, creating conditions for key core technology research and industrial basic capabilities.

Among the industries above designated size, the R&D expenditure for high-tech manufacturing was 464.91 billion yuan, and the investment intensity was 2.67%, an increase of 0.26 percentage points over the previous year; the equipment manufacturing R&D expenditure was 913.03 billion yuan, and the investment intensity was 2.22%, an increase of 0.15 over the previous year. Percentage points.

  R&D investment in the central and western regions is increasing well.

In 2020, R&D expenditures in the eastern, central, and western regions of my country will be 165.173 billion yuan, 466.29 billion yuan, and 321.29 billion yuan, respectively, representing an increase of 9.2%, 12.0%, and 12.4% over the previous year. The growth rate of the central and western regions has exceeded that of the eastern region for four consecutive years. Regions, the catching-up situation is obvious.

The number of provinces with R&D expenditures exceeding 100 billion yuan reached eight, an increase of two over the previous year.

From the perspective of key regions, the R&D expenditures in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta regions were 344.60 billion yuan and 736.47 billion yuan respectively, an increase of 5.6% and 9.5% over the previous year; R&D expenditure in the Yangtze River Economic Belt reached 116.82 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7 over the previous year %, the growth rate is faster than the national average.

——Basic research funding maintains growth, and its proportion is basically stable

  The growth of basic research funding has slowed.

In 2020, my country's basic research funding will be 146.70 billion yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year, and the growth rate has fallen by 12.7 percentage points from the previous year; it accounts for 6.01% of R&D funding, which has remained above 6% for two consecutive years.

  The growth rate of colleges and institutes has fallen.

Institutions of higher learning and government-owned research institutions are the two main executive bodies of basic research activities in my country. Affected by the epidemic, the resumption of school and work is relatively delayed, which has a certain impact on some scientific research activities.

In 2020, the funding for basic research of colleges and universities and government-owned research institutions will be 72.48 billion yuan and 57.39 billion yuan, an increase of 0.4% and 12.5% ​​respectively over the previous year, and the growth rate will drop by 22.0 and 8.1 percentage points from the previous year. The national basic research funding growth contribution rate decreased from 89.6% in the previous year to 50.4%, which is the main reason for the slowdown in basic research growth.

——Innovation support policies have achieved results, and fiscal science and technology expenditures have declined due to the impact of the epidemic

  The effect of policy support is evident.

With the further improvement of the R&D expenses deduction policy, in 2020, enterprises above designated size will enjoy R&D expenses plus deduction and exemption of 242.19 billion yuan, an increase of 29.4% over the previous year.

Relevant surveys show that companies' recognition of this policy is as high as 87.7%, an increase of 2.7 percentage points over the previous year.

The "tax cut" instead of "direct subsidy" policy to support innovation has achieved good results, and the enthusiasm of enterprises in research and development activities has continued to increase.

Relevant departments have clearly increased the R&D deduction ratio of manufacturing enterprises from 75% to 100%, which is expected to drive enterprises to further increase investment in technological innovation, improve technological capabilities and the level of the industrial chain supply chain.

  Financial expenditure on science and technology has declined.

According to the national financial final accounts data, the national financial science and technology expenditures in 2020 will be 109.55 billion yuan, a decrease of 62.24 billion yuan from the previous year, or 5.8%.

Among them, central government expenditure on science and technology was 375.82 billion yuan, down 9.9%, accounting for 37.2% of fiscal science and technology expenditure; local government expenditure on science and technology was 633.68 billion yuan, down 3.2%, accounting for 62.8%.

The decline in central and local fiscal expenditures on science and technology was mainly affected by the new crown pneumonia epidemic. In that year, some financial support for science and technology projects were delayed or suspended.

  Zhang Qilong said that 2020 is an extraordinary year. Faced with the impact of the epidemic and the complex and severe domestic and foreign environments, my country's R&D funding has maintained rapid growth, which provides a strong guarantee for fighting the epidemic and building a well-off society in an all-round way.

In the future, while continuing to expand the scale of funding input, it is also necessary to further optimize the funding input structure and improve the quality and efficiency of input.

  The first is to optimize the investment of government funds, and on the basis of ensuring growth, further focus on the most urgent major needs of economic and social development, focus on key sectors and key industries, improve the budget management and allocation methods of funds, and play the role of "baton". The second is to give play to the main role of enterprises, encourage enterprises to further increase investment in original innovation and independent research, and strengthen industry-university-research cooperation through the establishment of innovation consortia, and enhance the "main force" combat power. The third is to improve the diversified investment mechanism of the whole society, improve the sources of funds such as social donations, venture capital, and financial technology products, vigorously develop new research and development institutions, and create a "diversified" ecology.