Promote rural revitalization with greater efforts (Policy Interpretation · Central Document No. 1)
"People's Daily" (page 06 on February 25, 2022)
Firmly uphold the bottom line of ensuring national food security
Interpreter: Jiang Wensheng, He Yuping, Chen Chunliang, Liu Yang, member of the drafting team of the Central Document No. 1
Interviewer: Our reporter Zhu Jun and Yu Jingxian
During the preparation season, in the Jiucheng Rice Planting Cooperative in Fuyuan, Heilongjiang Province, dozens of agricultural machinery and tools are being "examined".
"The seeds have been prepared, the agricultural film and agricultural materials are gradually in place, and the cooperative has more than 30,000 mu of land. This year, we plan to produce some functional rice for trial production." Yuan Shenghai, chairman of the cooperative, said: "Bring the villagers to work together and try to grow grain. The sweetness of increased income.”
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue. The Chinese people's rice bowls must be firmly in their hands at all times, and the rice bowls are mainly filled with Chinese grains.
Doing a good job in grain production and supply of important agricultural products has always been the top priority in the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers".
This year's Central No. 1 document makes a comprehensive plan to make every effort to do a good job in grain production and the supply of important agricultural products, and to maintain the bottom line of ensuring national food security.
Food security plays an important role in national security.
In 2021, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, overcoming difficulties such as the new crown pneumonia epidemic, floods and natural disasters, my country's total grain output will reach 1,365.7 billion catties, an increase of 26.7 billion catties over the previous year, and continue to stabilize at 1.3 trillion. It has played an important role in opening a new situation, responding to situations and stabilizing the overall situation.
The Central No. 1 document proposes that the total grain output in 2022 will remain above 1.3 trillion catties.
How is the goal achieved?
Summer grain harvest, active throughout the year.
Affected by the autumn flood last year, there are 110 million mu of late-planting wheat in the five provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi and Shanxi. It is necessary to strengthen field management according to the land and seedlings, and by division and block, and promote the late-planting wheat to "promote weak and strong, early and stable growth".
On this basis, we will consolidate early rice, stabilize autumn crops, and ensure a bumper crop throughout the year.
Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has organized the whole system to focus on the first-line and provincial-level packaging, go deep into the fields, strengthen the integrated promotion of the green and high-yield model, give full play to the demonstration and driving role of thousands of mu squares and 10,000 mu of slices, and promote centralized seedling raising, large ridges and dense planting, etc. Various yield-increasing measures such as seed and fertilizer co-sowing have been implemented in the fields.
This year, while stabilizing grain output, we must also adjust and optimize the structure of grain production in a down-to-earth manner.
The Central No. 1 document clarifies that the project to increase the production capacity of soybeans and oilseeds will be vigorously implemented, and the multi-planting of corn and soybeans will be promoted in the Huanghuaihai, northwest and southwest regions, and the rotation of grain and soybean will be carried out in the northeast region.
Grain is born in the soil, there is land and there is grain.
"Farmland is farmland" requires the implementation of the strictest arable land protection system in place.
It is necessary to implement the hard measures of "long teeth" cultivated land protection, and strictly abide by the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land.
The Central No. 1 document emphasizes that the amount of cultivated land and the permanent basic farmland protection goals and tasks should be regarded as rigid indicators to implement strict assessment, one-vote veto, and lifelong accountability.
Categorize and clarify the use of cultivated land, strictly implement the priority of cultivated land use, cultivated land is mainly used for the production of grain, cotton, oil, sugar, vegetables and other agricultural products and forage feed, permanent basic farmland is mainly used for food production, and high-standard farmland is in principle used for all food production.
Farmland "must be fertile land", which requires that while maintaining the red line of cultivated land, the quality of cultivated land should be continuously improved to ensure that food is produced, supplied, and supplied well.
The data shows that the quality of cultivated land in high-standard farmland project areas can be improved by 1 to 2 grades, and the grain production capacity can be increased by 10% to 20% on average, achieving "a thousand catties in one season and tons of grain in two seasons".
How to improve the quality of cultivated land?
The Central No. 1 document clarifies that all localities should intensify efforts to transform low- and medium-yield fields and improve the level of arable land.
Complete the phased tasks of high-standard farmland construction in an all-round way.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs proposes that by the end of this year, a total of 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland with drought and flood protection will be built across the country, and the grain production capacity will be more than 1 trillion kilograms.
To ensure food security, we cannot only focus on the main production areas, but also the main sales areas and the production and sales balance areas.
The Central Document No. 1 proposes to fully implement the joint responsibility of the party and the government for food security, and to strictly assess the responsibility system for food security.
Continuously improve the comprehensive grain production capacity of the main production areas, effectively stabilize and improve the grain self-sufficiency rate in the main sales areas, and ensure that the grain production and sales areas are basically self-sufficient.
In late January, the grain production targets approved by the State Council have been handed down to the provinces to consolidate their responsibilities and ensure the implementation of the measures.
To ensure food security, hundreds of millions of farmers are the main body.
In order to allow farmers to grow grain without losing money and earn money, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee emphasized that it is necessary to improve the guarantee mechanism for farmers to grow grain income.
Improve the minimum purchase price policy, stabilize subsidies for grain farmers, achieve full cost insurance for the three major grain crops and full coverage of major grain-producing counties in major grain-producing provinces, and strengthen support and protection for grain production.
The state is studying the distribution of agricultural subsidies to support spring ploughing production.
At present, there are 207 million farmer households contracting arable land in my country, and the farmer households operating more than 30 mu through land transfer account for 5% of the total number of farmer households. Small farmer households are still the main body of agricultural production, and smallholder production must be brought into the track of modern agricultural development.
The Central No. 1 document proposes to focus on key weak links and small farmers, accelerate the development of agricultural social services, support various entities to develop various forms of production custody services, carry out contract farming, processing logistics, product marketing, etc., to improve the comprehensive benefits of grain cultivation .
At present, more than 3.8 million family farms have been included in the management of the directory system nationwide, and the area of agricultural socialization services has reached 1.67 billion mu times, driving more than 78 million small farmers.
Resolutely hold the bottom line of no large-scale return to poverty
Interpreter: Luo Dan, Wu Xiaojiayun, member of the drafting team of the Central Document No. 1, Qichao
Interviewer: Our reporter Gu Zhongyang and Li Xiaoqing
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the premise of rural revitalization is to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, and we must continue to pay close attention to improve the lives of the poor.
It is necessary to continue to promote the organic connection with the rural revitalization strategy, ensure that there is no large-scale return to poverty, and effectively maintain and consolidate the great achievements in the battle against poverty.
From a remote mountain village to the Zhendong resettlement area in Long'an County, Guangxi, Ma Zhaogui, a poverty-stricken household, is very satisfied with his current life: "The community is fully equipped and life is convenient. Both our husband and wife have participated in technical training and work at the door of our house, and our income has increased year by year. "
The No. 1 Central Document clearly requires that the bottom line of not returning to poverty on a large scale is firmly held, and specific arrangements are made.
Next, it is necessary to compress the responsibilities of party committees and governments at all levels. In poverty-stricken areas, consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation as the primary task of rural work, and continue to work hard to maintain and consolidate the great historical achievements of poverty alleviation. .
How to ensure that there is no large-scale return to poverty?
In accordance with the deployment of the Central No. 1 document, it is necessary to focus on key groups of people and do regular monitoring and assistance.
At present, various localities have established dynamic monitoring and assistance mechanisms to prevent return to poverty. Most of the monitoring objects have eliminated the risk of returning to poverty and become poor. The next step is to further improve and strengthen implementation, and resolutely maintain the bottom line of no large-scale return to poverty.
The monitoring objects should be relaxed.
It is necessary to accurately determine the monitoring objects, establish an annual adjustment mechanism for monitoring standards according to local conditions, set no scale restrictions on the monitoring objects, and include farmers who are at risk of returning to poverty and become impoverished and sudden serious difficulties into the monitoring scope.
The operating procedure should be simplified.
Further simplify the identification process to ensure timely detection and due consideration.
Help to intervene as soon as possible.
According to the risk category and development needs of the monitoring objects, precise policies are implemented, and social assistance, medical security and other assistance measures are implemented as soon as possible in response to emerging problems such as disasters, diseases and epidemics.
The exit link must be strict.
Strictly grasp the exit criteria, standardize exit procedures, and steadily eliminate the risk of returning to poverty.
It is the key to make the lives of the people lifted out of poverty to a higher level, to do a good job in industries and employment, and to promote the continuous and stable income increase of the people lifted out of poverty. The Central No. 1 document has made a systematic deployment.
The development of poverty alleviation industries is difficult to sustain and stabilize, and the focus is on the benefit of the masses.
Relying on resource advantages and development foundation, we must do a good job in the planning and layout of rural industrial revitalization, focus on expanding the industrial chain, improve the value chain, and develop and strengthen the characteristic and advantageous industries in poverty alleviation areas.
Vigorously develop employment-oriented county-level enrichment industries, and promote the formation of a "one county, one industry" development pattern.
Further increase the proportion of connecting funds and agriculture-related integration funds for industries, focus on supporting industries to make up for shortcomings in technology, facilities, and marketing, promote industrial upgrading and upgrading, and promote industrial assistance from households to people to promote regional industries Overall development change.
It is necessary to improve the mechanism of linking and leading farmers to help the people who have been lifted out of poverty to participate in modern production and operation, share more of the value-added income of the industry, and increase the operating income of households.
Last year, the per capita wage income of the poverty-stricken people nationwide was 8,527 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.6%, accounting for 67.9% of the total income. Stabilizing employment is crucial to consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation.
It is necessary to take the promotion of employment of people out of poverty as an important task to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, and do everything possible to expand employment channels to ensure the overall stability of the scale of employment of people out of poverty.
It is necessary to improve the organization of labor output, strengthen skills training, and cultivate and create a number of distinctive labor service brands.
Give full play to the role of mechanisms such as east-west labor cooperation and intra-provincial labor cooperation to promote the transfer of labor out of poverty to employment.
Promote local and nearby employment through measures such as upgrading assistance workshops, optimizing rural public welfare jobs, and developing collective economy.
It is necessary to coordinate and integrate resources, increase support, implement a number of projects to complement weak links and promote development, develop and expand the county economy, promote social development and civilization progress, and ensure that key rural revitalization counties will not fall behind in the new journey of comprehensive rural revitalization. , catch up.
Continue to increase capital investment, select scientific and technological missions, and carry out group assistance for education and medical cadres and talents.
Relocated people are a special group to prevent large-scale poverty alleviation.
It is necessary to strengthen follow-up support, continuously improve the quality of infrastructure and public services in the relocated community, continue to increase the intensity of industrial cultivation in the resettlement area, carry out special campaigns to help the relocated people to find employment, and implement measures such as household registration management, protection of legal rights and interests, and social integration of the relocated people to ensure that The relocated people can be stable, integrated, and gradually become rich.
To consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, it is necessary to continuously improve the development capacity of poverty alleviation areas.
How to ensure that the assistance to the poverty-stricken areas is kept on file, the policy is not left blank, and the responsibility is not lost?
The Central Document No. 1 emphasizes that the implementation of the assistance policies for poverty alleviation areas will be effective.
We will implement various assistance policies in detail, provide more powerful support and guarantee, and continue to improve the development capacity of poverty-stricken areas.
Under the framework of cooperation between the east and west and counterpart support, continue to carry out the cross-provincial adjustment of surplus indicators linked to the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land.
Do a good job in the post-assessment work of consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation, and promote the implementation of assistance responsibilities, policy implementation, and work implementation.
Continue to give full play to political and institutional advantages, adhere to and improve assistance mechanisms such as east-west collaboration, fixed-point assistance from central units, village-based assistance, and “10,000 enterprises and 10,000 villages”, expand areas of assistance, and improve the overall pattern of social assistance. Gather a strong force.
Promoting rural development in a solid and orderly manner, rural construction and rural governance
Interpreter: Zhou Yinghua, Zhou Yezheng, Yang Jiemei, Liu Lei, member of the drafting team of the Central Document No. 1
Interviewer: reporter Wang Hao Li Xiaoqing
"There is a lot of work in farming. We enjoy rapeseed flowers in spring, sell rapeseed oil in summer, and harvest ecological rice in autumn. We have more harvests in one field. The roads are clear, the water is clear, the environment is good, and everyone lives comfortably." Yichang City, Hubei Province Yang Qian, a big grain grower in Nanya Village, a township in Yiling District, is smiling.
To rejuvenate the nation, the countryside must be rejuvenated.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "In the new journey of realizing the second centenary goal, the focus of 'agriculture, rural areas and farmers' work has historically shifted to comprehensively promoting rural revitalization." "Party committees at all levels must shoulder political responsibility and implement the policy of prioritizing agricultural and rural development. , to promote rural revitalization with greater efforts.”
What should we do this year to promote rural revitalization in an all-round way?
The Central Document No. 1 focuses on key tasks and makes comprehensive arrangements for the solid and orderly promotion of rural development, rural construction and rural governance.
All regions and departments should uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership over the "three rural" work, strengthen measures, ensure that various policies are implemented and effective, and strive to promote new progress in comprehensively promoting rural revitalization and new steps in agricultural and rural modernization, so that more and more More and more villages realize prosperous industries, beautiful environment and rich farmers.
The key to rural revitalization is the revitalization of industries.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the development of rural industries has accelerated, laying a solid foundation for ensuring the supply of grain and important agricultural products.
In 2021, the added value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery will reach 8.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.1% over the previous year.
The No. 1 Central Document clearly states that "focusing on industries to promote rural development".
Anchor the "two more" goals, expand the multiple functions of agriculture, and tap the multiple values of rural areas.
It is necessary to fully tap the functions of rural areas in terms of food security, ecological conservation, leisure experience, and cultural inheritance, and extend the primary, secondary and tertiary industries such as characteristic planting and breeding, agricultural product processing, leisure tourism, and rural e-commerce, and lengthen the industrial chain.
Explore the path of "two jobs", so that farmers can find jobs and start businesses nearby and get rich locally.
It is necessary to focus on the development of industries with obvious comparative advantages, large employment capacity, and strong driving ability, with counties as the main positions, so that more farmers can be employed at their doorsteps, so that they can make money and take care of their families.
Innovate the "two industrialization" model, and promote the reduction of input products and the recycling of waste.
All localities must coordinate the relationship between development and protection, insist that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and are determined to change the development model of overexploitation of resources and extensive input of factors, to create a green and healthy new format, to make the industry green and the villagers rich.
The vast countryside is the living home of the peasant masses.
A good environment is the deep expectation of the farmers.
To implement the rural revitalization strategy, rural construction is an important task.
The Central Document No. 1 focuses on the urgent livelihood needs of farmers, and proposes to "promote rural construction in a solid and steady manner".
Grasp the key points, and strengthen the construction of people's livelihood that is inclusive, basic and fundamental.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all regions and departments have strengthened the construction of rural public infrastructure and improved the level of basic public services in rural areas.
At present, 100% of the qualified villages in our country have access to hardened roads, passenger cars and postal roads.
This year, while consolidating the construction achievements, we will continue to make efforts in the fields of rural roads, water supply, electricity, housing safety, etc., to solve the outstanding difficulties faced by farmers in their production and life.
Optimize the environment and continue to implement the improvement of the rural living environment.
A good ecological environment is the most inclusive people's well-being.
Rural toilet improvement, sewage treatment, etc. are all key trivial matters that concern the vital interests of farmers.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, rural construction has progressed in an orderly manner. The penetration rate of sanitary toilets in rural areas has exceeded 68%, and the household garbage collection, transportation and disposal system has covered more than 90% of administrative villages.
The Central No. 1 document makes arrangements for this year's work, proposing "promoting rural toilet improvement based on the actual needs of farmers" and "promoting rural domestic sewage treatment by division and classification".
Improve the mechanism and implement the requirements of rural revitalization for farmers and rural construction for farmers.
Different regions have different natural geography, customs and conditions, and different development stages. All regions and departments must proceed from reality, adapt measures to local conditions, and plan scientifically. It must not be promoted "one size fits all", let alone large-scale demolition and construction.
The Central Document No. 1 has made clear requirements for this. All regions and departments must conscientiously implement it, insist that quantity follow quality, and progress follow actual results. Only by listening to farmers' opinions and respecting farmers' wishes can we truly do good things to farmers' hearts.
Effective governance is an important guarantee for rural revitalization.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all regions and departments have improved the modern rural governance system, making the rural society full of vitality and harmonious and orderly.
The Central Document No. 1 made a deployment, proposing to "highlight practical effects and improve rural governance".
Rural revitalization is inseparable from a strong party organization.
All localities should give full play to the role of rural grassroots party organizations as fighting fortresses, and improve the rural governance system that combines self-governance, rule of law, and rule of morality under the leadership of party organizations.
Strengthen the responsibility of county-level party committees to focus on townships and promote villages, improve the unified command and overall coordination mechanism of township party committees, continue to investigate and rectify weak and scattered village party organizations, and give full play to the role of the first secretary in the village and the work team to focus on party building and promote rural revitalization.
The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy requires material civilization and spiritual civilization to work together.
This year, it is necessary to innovate an effective platform carrier for the construction of rural spiritual civilization, strengthen the party's ideological and political leadership in rural areas, support farmers to carry out cultural and sports activities that reflect the taste of farming and farming, promote the reform of rural marriage customs and funeral customs, and carry out high-priced brides. Special treatment of prominent problems in key areas such as the Office of the People's Republic of China that has changed customs and changed customs.
The Central No. 1 document makes arrangements to effectively maintain the safety and stability of rural society.
All localities should follow the requirements, adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" in the new era, accelerate the construction of a one-stop diversified conflict and dispute resolution mechanism based on their own actual conditions, and carry out risk and hidden danger investigation and special governance in key rural areas.
The overall promotion of the key tasks of rural development, rural construction and rural governance depends in the final analysis on the leadership of the party.
It is necessary to tighten and consolidate work responsibilities, formulate measures for the implementation of the responsibility system for rural revitalization, carry out performance assessments of provincial party and government leadership teams and leading cadres in advancing rural revitalization strategies, and improve the performance evaluation system for city and county party and government leadership teams and leading cadres to advance rural revitalization strategies , to implement the five-level secretary's grasp of rural revitalization.
It is necessary to establish and improve the promotion mechanism, carry out the demonstration and creation of rural revitalization of "hundred counties, thousands of townships and ten thousand villages", further promote the "ten thousand enterprises and ten thousand villages" action, establish a rural revitalization commendation and incentive system, and form a good atmosphere for the whole society to participate in rural revitalization.
It is necessary to improve the leadership system and mechanism of rural revitalization, strengthen the functions of the party committee's rural work leading group to take the lead in the work of the general manager, overall planning and coordination, etc., and further transform the political advantage of the party's management of rural work into a powerful driving force for the overall revitalization of the countryside.
Planning of this edition: Wang Jun, Wu Yan, Lv Li, Qi Jiarun, Guo Xueyan
Layout Design: Zhang Danfeng