Chinanews Client Beijing, September 22nd, title: "Good Harvest" in the Harvest Festival!

New changes for Chinese farmers

  Reporter Zhang Ni

  Today is the autumnal equinox and also the harvest festival for Chinese farmers.

In China, two out of five people live in rural areas. It can be said that the problem of agricultural and rural farmers is a fundamental issue related to the national economy and people's livelihood.

  Whether agriculture is strong or not, whether the countryside is beautiful or not, and whether farmers are rich or not, determines the sense of gain and happiness of hundreds of millions of farmers.

In recent years, the lives of Chinese farmers are undergoing rapid changes.

Data map: The new look of Weijiazhai Village, Cicun Township.

Photo by Qin Chao

"Money Bag" to increase revenue

——The median per capita disposable income of rural residents is 14,389 yuan

  "The rural poor population decreased by 11.09 million, the poverty incidence rate dropped to 0.6%, and decisive achievements have been made in poverty alleviation." The 2020 government work report shows China's "report card" of poverty alleviation last year.

  According to the National Rural Poverty Monitoring Survey by the National Bureau of Statistics, at the end of 2019, the number of rural poor in the country fell to 5.51 million.

  Since the fight against poverty, more than 93 million poor people have been lifted out of poverty, the incidence of poverty has dropped from 10.2% to 0.6%, and overall regional poverty has basically been resolved.

  The poverty population is decreasing, and the income of farmers is also increasing.

  According to the 2019 National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin, in 2019, the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 16,021 yuan, an increase of 9.6% over the previous year. After deducting price factors, the actual increase was 6.2%.

The median per capita disposable income of rural residents was 14,389 yuan, an increase of 10.1%.

  At the same time, in 2019, the per capita monthly income of migrant workers nationwide has reached 3962 yuan, an increase of 6.5% over the previous year.

Data map: In February 2019, the 2019 "Spring Breeze Action" series of recruitment sponsored by Chongqing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau was launched in Jiulongpo District.

Photo by Yang Zesheng

Subsidies for migrant workers

——Set up employment subsidy funds for migrant workers

  This year, China will lift all rural poor people out of poverty under current standards.

The issue of stable employment for farmers, especially migrant workers, is particularly critical.

  In recent years, for the key employment group of migrant workers, the national level has been implementing precise policies and continuously weaving a livelihood security network.

Especially in the context of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, a series of assistance policies have played an important role.

  The State Council executive meeting held on July 29 this year emphasized the need to introduce new measures to support the employment and entrepreneurship of migrant workers and help ensure employment and people's livelihood.

  In order to effectively solve the problem of local employment of migrant workers returning to their hometowns, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in accordance with the deployment of the central government, and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Expanding the Scale of Local Employment of Returned Rural Migrant Workers" , Proposed to establish migrant workers employment subsidy funds and one-time entrepreneurship subsidy funds, implement policies to support agriculture and small businesses, and develop financial products such as "benefit farmers" product packages and "persuade farming loans".

  According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, at the end of the second quarter, the rural migrant labor force reached 177.5 million, equivalent to 97.3% of the same period last year.

  As of the end of July, more than 13 million migrant workers who have returned to their hometowns nationwide have been employed locally.

Data map: An e-commerce practitioner manages the e-commerce platform.

Photo by Zhang Tianfu

Mobile phone becomes a new farm tool

——The number of Chinese rural netizens reaches 255 million

  While income is growing steadily, the production and life in China's rural areas are also undergoing earth-shaking changes.

  Nowadays, mobile phones have become a new farm tool for farmers, and rural e-commerce and live broadcast economy are gradually active in the fields.

  According to data, as of the end of 2019, the ratio of optical fiber and 4G access to administrative villages across the country exceeded 98%, and the ratio of broadband access to poor villages reached 99%.

  As of March 2020, the number of rural Internet users in China has reached 255 million, and the Internet penetration rate in rural areas has reached 46.2%.

These basic conditions have laid the conditions for the development of digital agriculture in China.

  At the same time, China is also vigorously developing agricultural machinery and building farmland infrastructure, which has significantly improved its ability to support the development of modern agriculture.

  By 2018, the effective irrigated area nationwide increased from 299 million mu in 1952 to 1.024 billion mu, an increase of 2.4 times. A total of 640 million mu of high-standard farmland has been built, which is about 30% of the national arable land area.

  In 2018, the number of tractors and combine harvesters increased by 191,000 times and 158,000 times respectively compared with 1949.

Wheat production has basically achieved full mechanization.

  The mode of agricultural production has achieved a historic shift from relying mainly on human and animal power to relying mainly on mechanical power.

Data map: A village doctor is consulting a child.

Photo by Li Chaoqing

Serious illness treatment and medical insurance

——Expanded the special treatment for serious diseases of the poor in rural areas to 30

  In the past, seeing a doctor was a heavy burden for many rural families.

However, in recent years, a series of policies have alleviated the problem of difficult and expensive medical treatment for farmers.

  In 2019, the National Health Commission jointly issued the "Working Plan for Solving the Prominent Problems in the Guarantee of Basic Medical Care for the Poor People" on the United Nations National Medical Insurance Bureau and other six departments, and put forward clear requirements for the standards and requirements of basic medical care, and the main direction.

  In order to prevent poverty from returning to poverty due to illness, in recent years, national studies have determined the "three batches" classification treatment strategy, namely, centralized treatment of serious diseases, contracted service management of chronic diseases, and protection of severe illnesses, and medical and health care in poor areas. The service capacity of institutions has been significantly improved, and the medical burden of poor patients has been greatly reduced.

  In April this year, the National Health Commission and the National Medical Insurance Administration jointly issued the "Notice on Further Expanding the Range of Special Treatment for Major Diseases of the Poor Rural Population", which clearly defined bladder cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, and severe mental illness. The five diseases of rheumatic heart disease and rheumatic heart disease are included in the special treatment scope for serious diseases of the rural poor.

  So far, the number of special treatments for serious diseases of the rural poor has been expanded to 30.

  In terms of medical expense reimbursement, as of 2019, the reimbursement rate of hospitalized medical expenses for serious and critical illnesses of the rural poor population has reached about 90%.

Data map: Xikou Primary School, Hulei Town, Yongding District, Longyan, Fujian, uses "Cloud Video" to synchronize classrooms.

Rural children must not only learn well, but also eat well

——"Special Post Program" recruited 950,000 teachers in 15 years

  Narrowing the education gap between urban and rural areas, and helping the poor first help the wisdom, has been the direction of China's education efforts in recent years.

Nowadays, rural children can also learn and teach.

  In recent years, officials have adopted special plans for teachers in remote and poverty-stricken areas, frontier ethnic areas and old revolutionary areas, special teacher programs, special posts for school teachers in rural compulsory education (referred to as "special post programs"), national training programs, and middle and primary school silver-age lectures The plan, the aid of Tibet and Xinjiang for 10,000 teachers to support education, is sending high-quality teachers to poverty-stricken areas, continuously improving teachers' quality and ability, and alleviating the problem of teacher shortage.

  In 2006, China began to implement the "Special Post Program."

Over the past 15 years, the central government has invested a total of 71 billion yuan to recruit 950,000 special post teachers, covering more than 1,000 counties and more than 30,000 rural schools in the central and western provinces.

  In 2010, China began to implement the national training program.

During the ten years from 2010 to 2019, a total of 16.8 million teachers from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) participated in the national training program, of which the Midwest Project and the National Training Program for kindergarten teachers accounted for 94%.

The national training program has covered all deeply impoverished counties and rural teachers in impoverished areas.

  In addition, in 2011, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Implementing the Nutrition Improvement Plan for Rural Compulsory Education Students", and decided to start the implementation of the rural compulsory education student nutrition improvement plan from the fall semester that year.

  The nutrition improvement plan has been implemented for 10 years, and more than 40 million rural children have eaten nutritious meals.

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