The wind blows the wheat waves on the ground, and the grains in the farmland return to the warehouse.
The roar of the harvester brings the joy of a bumper harvest, and the busy summer harvest is the guarantee of the Chinese people's jobs.
Wheat is one of the main rations in my country. The latest progress of wheat machine harvesting by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on June 21 shows that over 300 million mu of wheat has been harvested nationwide, and the large-scale machine harvesting of "Three Summers" has basically ended.
Overall, this year's wheat production across the country has increased compared to last year, and a bumper harvest is a foregone conclusion, which also lays the foundation for a stable grain production throughout the year.
Cang Lin is real, the world is safe.
In the unfavorable situation that last year's autumn flood led to the late sowing of wheat in many places, this reassurance was particularly gratifying.
Since the end of May, my country's main summer grain producing areas have gradually entered the maturity period, and harvested from south to north. The Chinese have started a busy and happy summer harvest.
At present, the wheat harvests in Sichuan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu have ended, and the wheat harvests in Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, and Hebei are progressing in an orderly manner.
The latest progress of wheat harvesting by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on June 21 shows that more than 300 million mu of wheat has been harvested across the country, and the large-scale mechanical harvesting has basically ended.
Lv Xiutao, deputy director of the Plantation Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said: "At present, the wheat harvest in the country is coming to an end, and the output situation is relatively clear. Judging from the harvest in various places and the actual harvest, it should be said that it is better than expected, better than normal, and achieved A bountiful harvest.”
Let's take a look at the summer harvest in Henan, the "granary of the Central Plains", from a space perspective.
The combine harvester in the wheat field shuttles back and forth, and the harvested wheat field turns khaki, leaving neat rows of wheat stubble after the fuselage is harvested. This is the harvest picture that the earth shows to space.
In Weihui City, Xinxiang, Henan, Liu Jianru is harvesting 60 mu of wheat grown by his family.
The harvested wheat was weighed to remove moisture and impurities, and the actual yield was measured on the spot, with a yield of 1,270 catties per mu.
This makes Liu Jianru and his wife very happy, because this year's wheat harvest is indeed hard-won.
Affected by the rare flood situation last autumn, winter wheat in the five provinces of Hebei, Henan, Shanxi, Shandong and Shaanxi were generally sown late last year, with an area of 110 million mu.
Weihui City, Henan Province, where Liu Jianru is located, is the hardest hit area. His winter wheat has been sown late for nearly two months.
When the wheat returned to green this year, most of Liu Jianru's wheat was still covered in the ground, and the 60 acres of wheat were basically all weak seedlings.
Like Liu Jianru's family, most of the more than 100 million mu of late-planted wheat in these five major wheat-producing provinces are weak seedlings.
Han Yijun, a professor at China Agricultural University and an expert on the national wheat industry technology system, said: "According to the dispatch of the national wheat industry technology system, the weak seedlings accounted for one third of the pre-winter wheat seedlings, about 100 million mu, and even in the In some places, the phenomenon of one seedling appeared before winter, which actually poses a huge challenge to the later production and harvest of wheat."
Faced with the rare late sowing situation of winter wheat for many years.
In February 2022, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Work Plan for the Whole System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to Sink the First-tier Baotou Provincial Packing Pieces to Win Summer Grain and Wheat Harvests", organized experts to formulate technical plans, and vigorously promoted the "four supplements and one promotion" technology, that is, using seed Make up late, supplement late with dense, supplement late with good, supplement late with fertilizer, strengthen field management, and promote to the end.
At the same time, by adjusting the planting structure and expanding the area of non-disaster areas, the planting can be fully sown to ensure that the wheat area is stabilized at more than 330 million mu.
Lu Xiutao said: "This year, the central government's policy support is unprecedented. The central government has allocated 30 billion yuan twice to implement a one-time subsidy for farmers who actually grow grain to reduce farmers' cost of growing grain. More than 5 billion yuan has been used to implement flood-resistant planting, and promote the weak to become strong."
Completely reversing the unfavorable situation and ensuring a stable and bumper harvest of summer grain cannot be separated from the contribution of science and technology.
Since the beginning of this year, experts from various fields of the agricultural system have gone deep into the wheat fields in Hebei, Henan, Shandong and other major wheat-producing provinces to provide technical guidance, organized and carried out special actions to promote the weak and strong, and strive to transform weak seedlings into strong ones as soon as possible. Strong seedlings.
Han Yijun said, "We often say that the bumper harvest of wheat depends on three factors: human effort, God's help, and good policies. This year's rare and generally serious late planting situation, people's efforts and good policies are more prominent."
In Henan, Shandong, Hebei and other places, agricultural science and technology service personnel went to the fields, and based on the actual situation of the seedlings, they formulated management and protection measures for different types of wheat fields, and carried out key technical guidance on wheat topdressing, irrigation, suppression, etc. , to help the wheat seedlings grow strong in time.
Due to the high temperature last winter, this spring, the pests and diseases of wheat fields in Weihui City, Henan have increased greatly compared with previous years.
At the end of February this year, Xu Haibin, an agricultural expert who helped Liu Jianru one-on-one, discovered the golden needle bug in the wheat field for the first time.
In order to ensure the production of summer grain, the central government allocated another 1.6 billion special funds for the full coverage of wheat "one spray and three defenses".
"One spray and three preventions" is to spray foliar fertilizer, growth regulators and insecticides and fungicides during the grain-filling period of wheat, which can prevent hot and dry wind, prevent premature aging, and prevent pests and diseases. It is an effective measure to prevent disasters and increase yield. .
In addition to the central subsidy, local governments have also given subsidies to grain farmers within their capacity.
Farmers enjoy fertilizer subsidies, pesticide subsidies, and the free implementation of "one spray and three defenses".
People's efforts, good policies, and God's help. After many efforts and full-cycle meticulous management, late-sown wheat in Henan, Shandong and other places has "turned around", and has overcome many factors such as fighting against autumn floods, promoting weak seedlings, and preventing pests and diseases. A pass, to achieve a stable and bumper harvest.
In order to ensure a bumper harvest, in addition to increasing production through policies, technology and other means, this year, localities have also done enough to "reduce losses".
Reducing the loss of machine harvesting and ensuring the return of pellets to the warehouse is the highlight of this summer harvest.
At the city-wide machine harvesting competition held in Funan County, Fuyang, Anhui Province, 10 agricultural machine operators drove different types of combine harvesters to carry out harvesting operations within the specified time and area.
The expert evaluation team monitors the harvesting results and the height of wheat stubble by the agricultural machinery operators, and calculates the loss rate by picking up the wheat grains and weighing them.
According to the latest dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, there are more than 650,000 combine harvesters used in the "Sanxia" wheat harvesting operation nationwide this year.
Before the summer harvest this year, the state will increase the promotion of machine harvest reduction, update subsidies, and speed up the replacement of combine harvesters.
The operation skills of agricultural machinery operators are also an important factor in reducing losses. In many places, all licensed operators are provided with training and guidance on reducing the loss of wheat machinery, so as to guide agricultural operators to improve the standard operation level, and strive to minimize the loss of machinery harvesting.
To reduce is to increase production.
In the past, an ordinary agricultural machine operator had a loss rate of about 3%, and a reduction of 1 percentage point in the loss of wheat machine harvest could save 2.5 billion catties of grain.
The rice bowl should not only be held firmly, but the rice in this bowl should also taste delicious.
Improving grain quality is the development trend of grain production in my country in recent years.
While maintaining a stable and bumper harvest, all localities are also focusing on optimizing the planting structure. This year, the area of high-quality wheat continued to expand, and the quality was further improved.
Gan Lixin is a large grain grower in Zhenping County, Nanyang, Henan Province, and one of the growers in the local 40,000 mu high-quality wheat standardized demonstration field. He has planted 700 mu of high-quality wheat this year.
On June 2, the weather was fine, and Gan Lixin seized the opportunity to grab it.
This year, Ganli has a bumper harvest of newly planted wheat, with an average yield of 1,200 catties per mu of land.
The quality of Gan Lixin's wheat is very good. After on-site testing, it has reached the standard of first-class wheat.
Gan Lixin said: "Thanks to the six unifications, seeds are purchased uniformly and sowing is unified."
The "six unifications" mentioned by Gan Lixin refer to unified seed supply, unified planting, unified management, unified acquisition, unified storage and unified processing.
It is the standardized and scientific planting model of "six unifications" that has enabled Gan Lixin to not only have a bumper harvest this year, but also improve its quality.
Speaking of which, this model has been used since the beginning of soil monitoring before Gan Lixin planted seeds.
Chang Xudong, general manager of a food company in Nanyang, Henan, said: "Go to the ground to measure the soil conditions, measure the soil fertility and various mineral elements, and supply what kind of raw materials for the lack of any elements, scientific planting, Scientific fertilization."
Seeds are the key to a good crop.
Gan Lixin's demonstration field is planted with high-quality wheat seeds from Henan Province provided by the planting cooperative.
Gan Lixin said that now there is not only a unified supply of fine seeds and scientific and technological guidance in the whole process, but also the whole process from sowing, fertilization, spraying to harvesting has been mechanized, and the cultivation of land is more refined and standardized, which also promotes the quality of wheat. improvement.
With the high quality and high price of wheat, farmers have also benefited.
This year, my country has promoted a number of leading varieties such as Zhongmai 578, Zhengmai 379, and Xinong 511, and selected more than 200 counties to carry out green, high-quality, and efficient actions for wheat.
According to preliminary statistics, this year's national summer wheat high-quality rate reached 35.8%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over last year.
More than one billion people need to eat, which is the biggest national condition of our country.
When you have food in your hands, you do not panic, it is the truth at all times.
Especially in the context of complex and severe international situation and domestic economic pressure, stabilizing the bottom line of food security will stabilize the "ballast stone" of social and economic development.
When the summer harvest was successfully completed, the golden wheat waves receded, and the green rice, corn and other autumn crops were planted on a large area of land.
As of June 21, 89.9% of the intended area for summer grain crops has been completed nationwide.
In terms of crops, nearly 95% of the mid-season rice has been planted, 90% of summer corn has been sown, and 70% of summer soybean has been sown. Late rice seedlings have completed 6.7% of the intended area.
Every ounce of hard work in cultivation contains a longing for the autumn harvest.