VÍCTOR MARTÍNEZ
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Updated on Saturday, 8May2021-02: 08
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The banking system is immersed in a crucial phase in the coronavirus crisis with the expiration of the vast majority of moratoriums granted a year ago to protect the income of millions of households hit by the economic downturn. Only in this quarter the financial sector will have to manage a wave of maturities close to
20,000 million euros,
according to the information handled by the
Bank of Spain
and that sent in recent days by listed entities to the
National Securities Market Commission (CNMV).
It represents, approximately, between 65% and 70% of the credits whose payment is still deferred.
The moratoriums will be one of the first touchstones to check the economic status of families after a year of crisis. The first great wave of maturities began in April and the result, according to different financial sources, is that one in four borrowers has had some difficulty in resuming their credit payments. This has forced the parties to sign a restructuring agreement, register a second moratorium or, in the worst cases, declare the loan as bad and start the recovery process. However, this last option is held back by the legal prohibition to undertake evictions until next August.
The Bank of Spain already warned in its latest financial stability report that the high uncertainty about the evolution of economic activity and the progressive withdrawal of public aid oblige the Government and entities to "
carefully
monitor
the credit moratoriums in Spain during the next few months".
The financial sector was financially shielded in 2020 with a strong provision of financial provisions to face the foreseeable increase in defaults that the crisis will leave behind.
However, several executives in the sector celebrate that it has not yet been necessary to use this shield, although they still consider it premature to lower their guard and reverse that protection in the face of what may be to come.
Their risk analyzes conclude that only a quarter of mortgages could end up in default.
Specifically, between 15-20% of the loans are already
under surveillance
- due to the sharp drop in the borrower's income - and in less than 10% there is a high risk of default.
In total,
8,000 million euros
marked with a red alert, which represents less than 1% of the total loan portfolio of the sector in the local market.
Spain has been one of the most protectionist countries in the world in relation to moratoriums, as illustrated by the accounts of the most internationalized Spanish banks.
In the case of
BBVA
It is striking that here only a third of the deferrals granted have expired, while the figure rises to 75% in Turkey and is above 90% in Latin American countries. Something similar occurs in the case of Santander, which in Spain has seen 46% of the moratoriums granted during the crisis expire, while in the United Kingdom, Mexico or Brazil practically all coverage has expired. Although part of the credits have already expired, what remains is the most dangerous, since they are families that so far have not been able to abandon protection because they are still in ERTE or have gone directly to unemployment.
By groups, CaixaBank is the entity that accumulates the most payment deferrals on its balance sheet after absorbing Bankia (12,762 million in Spain alone), an amount that exceeds the sum of
Santander, BBVA, Sabadell and Bankinter as a whole.
However, its CEO,
Gonzalo Gortázar
, downplays this high exposure. "We are seeing that the majority of people are being able to repay the payments when the moratorium expires, so we believe that it has been a measure that has generated more benefits than problems."
The sector is not so optimistic about the maturities of
loans with ICO guarantee
granted to SMEs and the self-employed at the worst moment of the crisis to guarantee their liquidity and avoid their collapse. This problem, however, is less urgent after the Government has extended the
delay in
payments for up to
four more years,
which delays the outcome of knowing how many companies will be able to repay the loan and in what way.
The first analyzes carried out by the
Bank of Spain
anticipate a very high delinquency in this segment, since many companies linked to sectors such as tourism or leisure will not be able to survive the crisis and will end up sunk in bankruptcy. These procedures have soared 58% so far this year, according to
Axesor.
Despite the fact that most credits have been 'frozen' until 2025, the future of many companies will be at stake in the coming weeks and will depend on the vigor of the economic recovery and the long-awaited arrival of direct aid.
The package was approved almost two months ago in the
Council of Ministers,
but the need for the Central Executive and the CCAA to sign successive agreements to coordinate their disbursement has prevented them from reaching the pockets of businessmen and the self-employed.
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