Entering a new stage of development, my country's ecological civilization construction has entered a critical period in which carbon reduction is the key strategic direction, a comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development is promoted, and the improvement of ecological environment quality is transformed from quantitative to qualitative.
The coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should continue to adhere to the strategic positioning of building the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region into a national demonstration area for ecological restoration and environmental improvement, anchor the goal of basically building a beautiful Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei by 2035, and coordinate pollution control, ecological protection, and response to climate change. We will deeply fight the tough battle of pollution prevention and control to ensure the continuous improvement of the regional ecological environment.
First, promote the low-carbon transformation of the industrial structure.
Guided by energy conservation and carbon reduction, dynamically revise the guidance catalogue for regional industrial structure adjustment, expand the scope of the catalogue of preferential income tax for energy conservation and environmental protection enterprises, and formulate carbon reduction implementation plans for key industries such as iron and steel, non-ferrous metals, petrochemicals and chemicals; vigorously develop a new generation of information technology, Green and low-carbon industries such as biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, etc., promote the deep integration of emerging technologies such as the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, 5G/6G, and green and low-carbon industries; Promote the development of green and low-carbon financial products and services, and solve the financing difficulties of green enterprises and green projects; strengthen the construction of recycling systems for renewable resources such as urban waste recycling and comprehensive utilization of rural straws, and develop regional integrated comprehensive resource utilization industries; support To develop eco-friendly industries and high-tech industries in ecological conservation areas, some eco-friendly industries (such as big data storage, cloud computing bases, etc.) can be prioritized in ecological conservation areas such as Zhangjiakou City and Chengde City in Hebei Province in the Beijing-Tianjin region; Scientifically assess the regional environmental capacity, delineate the red line of industry unit output value emissions, enhance the carbon sink capacity of the regional ecosystem, and promote the development of carbon sink industries with high ecological benefits.
Second, promote the innovation and application of green and low-carbon technology, and realize the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy structure.
Government departments need to increase support for the research and development of low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative-carbon technologies, and encourage R&D institutions to focus on the research and development of key and common technologies for energy conservation and environmental protection, as well as large-scale and wide-ranging equipment and components; establish low-carbon energy conservation and environmental protection engineering research The center encourages leading enterprises to establish low-carbon technology R&D institutions; leverages the technological advantages of Beijing Zhongguancun in the fields of energy conservation and carbon reduction, green environmental protection, and clean energy, and conducts special research and development for the transformation needs of traditional industries in Tianjin and Hebei; strengthens carbon capture and storage Technological research to promote deep emission reduction in industries that are difficult to reduce emissions such as steel and cement; develop and utilize green and low-carbon energy such as wind power, photovoltaics, and geothermal energy in the region, vigorously introduce green energy outside the region, and optimize the energy supply structure; implement clean energy alternatives Projects, continue to promote the conversion of coal to electricity and gas to electricity in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, and optimize the energy consumption structure.
Third, improve the government-led ecological compensation mechanism and explore the establishment of a green and low-carbon development policy system.
The central government's compensation needs to focus on the sustainable development of ecological conservation areas to ensure the continuity and stability of ecological compensation for ecological conservation areas.
Local governments need to carry out project-based horizontal compensation according to the principle of "who benefits, who pays".
The first is to improve the inter-governmental horizontal financial transfer payment system, set up a special fund for ecological compensation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, implement independent management of special accounts, and provide reasonable compensation for the increase in expenditure and decrease in income caused by the implementation of environmental protection policies.
The second is to improve the mechanism for determining ecological compensation standards.
The ecological compensation standard shall be determined comprehensively considering input cost, opportunity cost and service quality, and shall be adjusted according to the level of economic development.
The third is to improve the ecological compensation policy system.
Explore the formulation of ecological compensation regulations, clarify the rights and responsibilities of various entities participating in ecological compensation, and make clear penalties for violations of ecological compensation.
In addition, it is also necessary to deepen the reform of the mechanism for realizing the value of carbon reduction products, establish and improve the market-oriented operation mechanism for ecological and environmental rights and interests such as water rights, energy use rights, carbon emission rights, and emission rights trading, and transfer the environmental tax, climate tax and other taxes levied. Managed by fund investment to improve the self-hematopoietic function of compensation funds.
Fourth, advocate a green lifestyle and promote low-carbon consumption.
Improve the government's green procurement standards and increase the procurement of green and low-carbon products; advocate a simple, moderate, green and low-carbon lifestyle, and encourage consumers to buy green and low-carbon products; improve the ecological product qualification certification system to ensure high-quality ecological products. The high payment method forms a payment mechanism for ecological services that is paid by consumers.
(The author is Secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Ecological Civilization, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)