13 indicators improve quality and efficiency, and 5 bottom lines prevent risks——
Promote the standardized and healthy development of characteristic towns
Focusing on the manufacture of large and medium-sized buses, the Jimei Automobile Town in Xiamen, Fujian has gathered more than 100 auto parts manufacturers; based on the culture of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and Silk Road cultural tourism, the annual tourism income of the town of Xi’an Datang West Market in Xi’an, Shaanxi reaches more than 1 billion yuan ; Construction of technology R&D and transformation center, intelligent standard factory buildings, Henan Luoyang new materials and intelligent equipment science and technology town attracts a large number of high-tech enterprises to settle in... In recent years, a number of boutique characteristic towns have emerged across the country, promoting economic transformation and upgrading and new models Urbanization.
The results are remarkable, but there are also problems. In particular, the confusion of the concept of some characteristic towns, the unclear connotation, and the weak leading industry have caused many concerns.
How to regulate management?
How to achieve better development?
Ten ministries and commissions including the National Development and Reform Commission recently jointly issued the "Guidelines for the Standardized and Healthy Development of National Characteristic Towns" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines"), focusing on the spatial layout, quality and efficiency of characteristic towns, and clarifying 13 specific indicators and delimiting them The 5 bottom lines put forward basic guidelines for universal operability.
"Small but fine" to build a characteristic town
——By the first half of this year, the number of characteristic towns in the national list will be reduced to about 1,600, and it is expected that there will be a decrease
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission’s official website posted such a notice: After verification with relevant parties, it was found that the “equipment and smart towns” in Hongge Town, Yanbian County and Lanling County are false “featured towns”, and they are in order for the construction of characteristic towns. Have a certain adverse effect.
What's the matter?
Looking carefully, the notice gave a detailed explanation: Hongge Town, Yanbian County, is an administrative town, not a characteristic town, and is not included in the list of characteristic towns in the province. In the name of ", engaging in external propaganda and other acts, it violates the clear requirement that "the administrative town shall not be named a'characteristic town'".
The "Equipment Intelligent Manufacturing Town" of Lanling County is a traditional industrial park, not a characteristic town. It is not included in the list of characteristic towns in the province where it is located. However, it has been engaged in project approval, investment promotion, Acts such as external propaganda violated the clear requirement that "traditional industrial parks must not be named'featured towns'".
"In recent years, the National Development and Reform Commission and relevant parties have continued to deepen the standardization and correction of the problems in the development of characteristic towns, promote the release of relevant documents, and also promote a number of advanced typical experiences, report and expose negative cases, and set up a research team to conduct on-site inspections. According to Wu Yuetao, head of the comprehensive group of the Office of Promotion of Urbanization of the National Development and Reform Commission, through the joint efforts of various departments and localities, the development of characteristic towns has generally entered a standardized development track.
According to data from the National Development and Reform Commission, before the end of 2017, there were a large number of "featured towns" declared to be "featured towns", among which there were a large number of false virtual "featured towns".
As of the first half of 2021, the number of characteristic towns on the list of provinces across the country has been reduced to about 1,600, half of which are located in the eastern developed regions.
According to the dynamic adjustment of various provinces and the work plan for the survival of the fittest, it is expected that the number will be further reduced.
At the same time, the “small but refined” orientation of the list of characteristic towns has been initially established. Currently, the number of characteristic towns in the list of 19 provinces is less than 50.
The development is more standardized and the role is more prominent.
Shi Yulong, director of the Center for Urban and Small Town Reform and Development of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that a number of boutique characteristic towns have emerged in recent years, many of which have become important platforms and starting points for the normalization of localities to promote economic transformation and upgrading and new urbanization.
Judging from the existing 1,600 characteristic towns in each province, a total of about 4.4 million people have been employed. In recent years, a total of about 3.5 trillion yuan has been invested and an annual tax payment of about 280 billion yuan has been completed. The investment is about 2.1 billion yuan, the average number of employees is about 2,700, and the annual tax payment is about 170 million yuan.
Reasonable layout, improve quality
——In principle, the construction land area of the planned land shall not be less than 0.5 square kilometers, and the proportion of investment in characteristic industries in the total investment shall not be less than 60% in principle
It has been more than 5 years since the construction of characteristic towns has been rapidly launched across the country since 2016. How to further promote its standardized and healthy development next?
The "Guidelines" issued by the 10 ministries and commissions put forward a number of specific requirements on the development positioning, spatial layout, quality and efficiency, and management methods of characteristic towns.
Among them, the development positioning is placed first.
The “Guidelines” make it clear that characteristic towns are micro-industry clusters with a planned land area of generally a few square kilometers. They are neither administrative towns nor traditional industrial parks.
Characteristic towns focus on cultivating and developing leading industries, attracting talents, technology, capital and other advanced elements to gather. They have distinctive high-end industrial characteristics, multi-functional characteristics of industry-city cultural integration, and intensive and efficient space utilization characteristics. They are unique in the industry. A new type of development space with strong, functional integration, small and beautiful form, and new and lively mechanism.
How to grasp the details?
The "Guidelines" put forward 13 indicators.
In terms of area, it is clear that the lower limit of the planned land area for characteristic towns is not less than 1 square kilometer in principle, the upper limit is not more than 5 square kilometers in principle, and the construction land area in the planned land is not less than 0.5 square kilometers in principle.
Talking about the determination of the above indicators, the relevant person in charge of the Planning Department of the National Development and Reform Commission introduced that from the current status of each province, the area of used construction land in each characteristic town has exceeded 0.5 square kilometers, with an average of about 0.9 square kilometers.
In addition, proposing this indicator is conducive to clearing up false "featured towns."
In some areas, single projects with tens of acres or even only a few acres of land are named "characteristic towns" and administrative towns with tens of square kilometers are named "characteristic towns", which violates the characteristic of small towns. The connotation of the concept of town has produced misleading and undesirable effects.
In addition, in terms of style and form, it is proposed that the green coverage rate of characteristic towns should not be less than 30% in principle.
In terms of investment intensity, the proportion of investment in characteristic industries in the total investment shall in principle be no less than 60%, and the cumulative investment per mu of construction land during the construction period shall in principle be no less than 2 million yuan/mu.
In terms of quality and efficiency, the labor productivity of all employees is not less than 200,000 yuan per person in principle, the number of employees in a single characteristic town is not less than 2,000 in principle, and the tax paid per mu of construction land is not less than 100,000 in principle. Yuan/year, in principle, the number of tourists in cultural tourism characteristic towns shall not be less than 500,000 person-times/year.
In terms of innovation vitality, the “three new” economic added value should account for no less than 20% of GDP in principle, and the R&D investment intensity of characteristic towns such as advanced manufacturing, technological innovation, creative design, and digital economy should be no less than 2.5 in principle. %.
"From a quantitative point of view, the "Guidelines" put forward specific indicators, which not only reflect the orientation of controlling quantity and improving quality, but also based on local practice in recent years, be realistic, positive and stable." Wu Yuetao said.
Deepen the unified management system of inventory
——In principle, there are no more than 50 characteristic towns in the list of provinces with a per capita GDP of less than US$10,000, and it is encouraged to control them within 30
In the process of building characteristic towns in some areas, there is a tendency towards real estate.
Wei Houkai, director of the Institute of Rural Development of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that characteristic towns should be supported by industries. However, in recent years, the construction of characteristic towns in some localities has changed. There are too many real estate land, and the industry and supporting land are obviously insufficient, which should be paid attention to. .
Wu Yuetao said that the "Guidelines" released this time clearly put forward the bottom line of "housing to live without speculation" to strictly prevent the tendency of real estate. The construction land of characteristic towns is mainly used for the development of characteristic industries, of which residential land is mainly used to meet the needs of characteristic towns. Self-occupation needs and requirements of job-living balance of employed persons.
In addition to the original traditional residential buildings, the proportion of residential land in the construction land of characteristic towns should not exceed 30% in principle, and it is encouraged to control it below 25%.
“Clarifying the quantitative requirements for the proportion of residential land in the construction land of characteristic towns is conducive to providing a basis for the implementation of standardized correction work in various regions, effectively preventing and controlling the tendency of real estate, and preventing the occurrence of separate interpretations and different standards." National Development and Reform Commission planning The person in charge of the company said that from the current status of each province, the proportion of residential land in most characteristic towns is less than 30%.
Referring to the value of about 38% of residential land in the construction land of cities and towns in the country in 2019, it is a reasonable choice to set the residential land in characteristic towns to not exceed 30% in principle according to the principle of strictness and strictness.
In order to prevent the reverse operation of individual parties, 30% is set as the pursuit goal, and at the same time, it is proposed to encourage the control below 25% to guide the control to a lower level.
In addition to the bottom line of "housing and living without speculation", the "Guidelines" also put forward the bottom line of compliance land, ecological and environmental protection, debt prevention and control, and safe production.
It is clear that violations of the above five bottom lines must be rectified within a time limit, and those of serious nature must be promptly cleaned up; false "characteristic towns" that are incorrectly named by administrative organizations, and "some towns" that are self-named for projects such as pure real estate development. And the virtual “featured towns” that remain on paper and have not yet started construction must be immediately delisted.
"In order to better promote the high-quality development of characteristic towns, we must grasp key issues and resolve outstanding contradictions." Shi Yulong believes that it is necessary to improve the overall level of the central level and strengthen the responsibilities at the provincial level.
Wu Yuetao introduced that the "Guidelines" deepen and refine the unified management system for the list of characteristic towns. National characteristic towns must be included in the list of provinces, and those that are not included must be cleaned up and renamed in time.
All provinces will complete a list of characteristic towns, and those included in the list should meet the basic conditions set out in the "Guidelines", and should meet the requirements of various indicators specified in the "Guidelines" after completion.
In terms of quantity, in principle, there are no more than 50 characteristic towns in the list of provinces with a per capita GDP of less than 10,000 U.S. dollars, and the number is encouraged to be controlled within 30.
"In the next step, the National Development and Reform Commission will continue to work with relevant departments in all regions to effectively promote the implementation of the "Guidelines". The quality and level of town development." Wu Yuetao said.
Our reporter Qiu Haifeng