Ancient monuments not known to many people

Ancient relics tell the history of the world while showing the evolution of mankind, a material embodiment of where we come from and sometimes where we are headed.

While most people are aware of monuments such as Angkor Wat (a temple complex in the Angkor region of Cambodia), Petra in Jordan or the Colosseum in Rome, it is the forgotten cities, once huge urban complexes teeming with and then crumbling, that tell a story more. Energy. These effects, as noted in a Newsweek report:

Cliff Palace

It is the largest mountain dwelling in North America. It was built by the ancestors of the Pueblo Native Americans in the 12th century, now known as the Mesa Verde National Park in the southwest corner of Colorado. The palace still stands as a witness to climate change, as the tribe moved to the cliff to secure defensive positions during the dry season, helping them avoid raids on food stores. The 150-room dwelling was later abandoned due to infighting and food shortages.

- Chan Chan:

It is the largest pre-Columbian city in Peru and home to the pre-Inca civilization known as Chimo. This huge mud-brick edifice includes castles, temples, tombs and the partially restored Chudi Palace, and represents an important glimpse into the ancient culture of South America. These fragile mud buildings are now at risk of erosion due to weather changes.

- Djini Djino:

It is a world heritage site located in the Niger River Valley in Mali, and an important link on the gold trade route established in 250 BC. It is one of the oldest urban centers in sub-Saharan Africa and evidence of international trade there even in the pre-Islamic era. It has more than 2,000 traditional mud brick houses and its structures still exist today.

- Complex of the temples of Djagantega (Giant):

It is a Neolithic rock complex on the island of Gozo, Malta, the oldest of the pyramids of Egypt and Stonehenge in Britain.This 5500-year-old complex dedicated to fertility is one of the oldest religious buildings in the world.

- Greater Zimbabwe:

It is a deserted city that was once the capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe, which was founded from 1100 to 1450 during the Iron Age of the country. It was part of a prime commercial route. Its bird statues have become a national symbol of Zimbabwe.

Hattusas or Hattushas

It is the capital of the Hittites - Indo-European peoples who inhabited Asia Minor and the Levant - and is located in the central part of Turkey, 145 kilometers east of Ankara. Today it is a small village called Bogaz Koy. This bronze-age empire was founded in the 16th century BC and guarded by the famous Sphinx statues . Cuneiform clay tablets filled with legal codes have been discovered in this region, including what is the oldest known international peace treaty.

- Ctesiphon:

It is an Iraqi city that was the capital of the Sassanids and the Parthians and was built on the eastern bank of the Tigris near the town of Madaen, the current Salman Bey, about 35 km southeast of Baghdad. This capital of the ancient Persian Empire was conquered by Muslims in 636, and Taq or Iwan Kusra, one of the largest arched brick arches in the form of knots without pillars or armament, still stands today.

- The month of Ghalghala (or the city of screams):

Once a powerful city on the Silk Road, the site was one of the region's last defenses from the Mongol hordes in Bamyan, Afghanistan. After Genghis Khan's grandson was killed nearby, the warlord slaughtered everyone inside and called it the city of screams.

- Fatehpur Sikri:

It is a city in the Agra region of Uttar Pradesh, India. Built by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1571, this elegant royal complex consists of palaces, wings, the harem palace, courtyards, gardens and ornate swimming pools. It was abandoned after only 14 years due to lack of water and many of its buildings remained intact over the years.

- Wenshou:

It is the site of one of China's ancient and major historical capitals. The inscriptions on the bones in this ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty show the development of some of the world's oldest writings, ancient beliefs and social systems.