"Protecting people's livelihood" and "reducing taxes and fees" have become hot words for the two sessions in various places-

　　Push ahead with proactive fiscal policy

　　Our reporter Li Hualin

　　The Central Economic Work Conference emphasized that a proactive fiscal policy should improve efficiency and pay more attention to precision and sustainability.

The society is generally concerned, how do local governments implement this policy requirement?

How to resolve the pressure of tight fiscal balance?

How to ensure spending in key areas?

　　Recently, the local two sessions have ended one after another, and "protecting people's livelihood", "reducing taxes and fees", and "strengthening ahead" have become popular terms of the two sessions in various places.

Focusing on a proactive fiscal policy, many places have proposed that efforts will be made to tap the potential of increasing income, solve the pressure of reducing income, and improve policy effectiveness, so as to contribute to stabilizing the overall economic market and stabilizing the overall social situation.

　　Reasonable arrangement of income and expenditure budget

　　How will the money be collected and spent this year?

The reporter combed and found that all localities scientifically researched and judged the economic development situation, reasonably arranged expected income, expenditure and debt scale, etc., adjusted and optimized the expenditure structure with greater efforts, and focused on ensuring key expenditures such as people's livelihood.

　　It is mentioned in the draft budgets in many places that factors such as macroeconomic operation, normalized and precise prevention and control of the epidemic, and tax and fee reduction policies have been raised, and fiscal revenue and expenditure expectations have been raised.

For example, in 2022, Beijing's general public budget revenue is expected to be 616.96 billion yuan, an increase of 4%; Inner Mongolia's general public budget revenue is expected to be around 240 billion yuan, an increase of more than 2% over the actual completion of the previous year; Shandong's general public budget revenue is arranged to be 765 billion yuan Yuan, an increase of 5% over the previous year; Hunan's general public budget revenue was allocated 344.6 billion yuan, an increase of 6% over the previous year.

　　In response, spending has grown in tandem.

For example, in 2022, Guangxi's general public budget expenditure is expected to be 613.479 billion yuan, an increase of 5%; Inner Mongolia's general public budget expenditure is expected to be around 550 billion yuan, an increase of 5%; Beijing's general public budget expenditure plan is 715.6 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3%; Guangdong's general public budget expenditure was 1,876.941 billion yuan, an increase of 3%.

　　"Since the beginning of the year, a series of policies to stabilize the macro economy have been introduced one after another. The fundamentals of my country's long-term economic growth have not changed. The stable growth of fiscal revenue still has a certain economic foundation. The reasonable preparation of fiscal revenue and expenditure budgets in various regions can actively exert fiscal functions. role." said Li Xuhong, director of the Institute of Fiscal and Taxation Policy and Application of Beijing National Accounting Institute.

　　Using "real money" to do well what the masses are most concerned about is a prominent feature of local budget arrangements for this year.

He Li, director of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Finance, said that in 2022, Sichuan's fiscal and people's livelihood expenditure will gradually increase on the basis that the proportion of general public budget expenditure will be stabilized at more than 65%, and 3.5 billion yuan will be allocated in the new fiscal budget funds, focusing on supporting people's concerns To solve the problems, including the shelter project for teachers in compulsory education, and the improvement of pension standards for retired workers and urban and rural residents.

　　Jiangxi's 2022 provincial-level new project expenditure needs to be allocated 16.05 billion yuan, which will be mainly used to ensure major strategic and important planning and key tasks, continue to increase investment in basic people's livelihood, increase transfer payments to difficult cities and counties, and ensure major activities and key projects. Four aspects are required.

　　All localities have also resolutely implemented the requirement of "living a tight life", freeing up more financial resources and using precious financial funds on the "knife edge".

Beijing strictly arranges the regular performance expenditures of the departments. In 2022, the budget of the "three public" funds for the municipal party and government organs and public institutions will be 709 million yuan, a decrease of 1.1%; Sichuan's provincial "three public" funds this year are in the original On the basis of the reduction, it has been reduced by about 5% to ensure that more funds are used for people's livelihood, so that financial funds can play a better role.

　　Ensuring market entities is the key

　　Market entities are where the resilience and potential of my country’s economy lie. Helping enterprises to bail out and safeguarding market entities is the focus of this year’s local two sessions. Many places have indicated that they will strengthen support for market entities and increase policy implementation.

　　Dai Yunlong, director of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance, said that Guangdong will study and formulate a package of financial support policies to help enterprises in bailouts, and make a good "combination punch" to tide over difficulties with enterprises.

For example, increase the share of small and medium-sized enterprises in government procurement, and in principle, all small-amount procurement projects are reserved for small and medium-sized enterprises; support the optimization of investment and financing services for small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the increment of enterprise financing by improving policies such as policy guarantees and financing risk compensation. , expansion, price reduction, etc.

　　"Hainan chooses enterprises that meet the requirements of high-quality development and are in the forefront of the subdivisions as the training objects, and cultivate small and medium-sized enterprises to develop towards 'specialized, refined, and new'." Cai Qiang, director of the Hainan Provincial Department of Finance, said that Hainan is "specialized and innovative" for the country. A one-time reward of 1 million yuan will be given to the "special new" little giant enterprises, and 5 million yuan will be given to the national manufacturing "single champion" enterprises.

　　Tax cuts and fee reductions are key measures to help companies bail out.

In the face of the complex and severe domestic and foreign environment, this year, the central government focused on manufacturing, small and medium-sized enterprises, and individual industrial and commercial households, and implemented greater tax and fee reduction policies.

　　In local government work reports, tax cuts and fee reductions have become high-frequency words.

The Jilin provincial government work report proposes to face the needs of market entities and implement the new combined tax and fee reduction policy; the Shaanxi provincial government work report proposes that the new combined tax and fee reduction will be used as a relief for market entities; Henan Province The government work report proposes that policies such as increasing the ratio of deductions for R&D expenses will be implemented, and the R&D investment of enterprises will increase by more than 17%...

　　The reduction of taxes and fees in many places also highlights the accuracy and pertinence.

"Hunan is expected to reduce the burden by more than 40 billion yuan, helping market players to bail out and increase efficiency." Shi Jianhui, director of the Hunan Provincial Department of Finance, said that Hunan will strengthen support for small, medium and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, and manufacturing this year, and increase financial resources. Cultivating efforts, plugging loopholes in the collection and management of new business formats and other fields, strictly prohibiting illegal and illegal collection of taxes and fees, and realizing a virtuous circle of "releasing water and raising fish" and "more water and more fish".

　　"In recent years, a series of tax and fee reduction policies have been continuously introduced, which has effectively relieved the pressure on enterprises, stimulated the innovation vitality of market entities, and provided strong support for the overall economic and social development." Li Xuhong said that the tax and fee reduction policies should be better utilized. All localities need to fully implement relevant policies, actively simplify the process of enjoying tax reduction and exemption policies, reduce compliance costs for taxpayers, ensure that taxpayers can enjoy relevant policies in a timely and convenient manner, and fully release policy dividends.

　　The policy force is appropriate to the front

　　Affected by factors such as the downward pressure on the economy and the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the characteristics of "tight balance" and "tight operation" of local finance will be more obvious this year.

　　Previously, the Ministry of Finance had issued a new special debt limit of 1.46 trillion yuan in 2022 to all localities in advance, in order to better play the role of local debts in supplementing weak links and stabilizing growth.

　　Everywhere is working hard to move the work forward.

"The central government approved and issued 105 billion yuan of government bonds in Sichuan Province in advance. In addition to the 4.3 billion yuan carried over from last year, the total amount of government bonds that can be arranged in advance in the province this year is 109.3 billion yuan." He Li said that it is expected to be fully issued in February. Bonds, invest the funds as soon as possible, and form more physical work in the first quarter.

　　Shi Jianhui said that this year Hunan will strive for the preferential policy of central government funds, make good use of funds such as infrastructure investment and government bonds, speed up the issuance and use of special bonds, support moderately advanced infrastructure investment, and promote the construction of major projects such as "two new and one heavy" more effectively. .

　　Many local government work reports also mentioned that attention should be paid to preventing the hidden debt risks of local governments and ensuring fiscal sustainability.

　　"At present, the debt scale of Chongqing is under control, and the debt risk is gradually eased." Shang Kui, director of the Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Finance, said that this year Chongqing will prevent economic operation risks, strengthen the tracking assessment and response to risks in related fields, and promote fiscal policy and monetary policy. , employment, industry, investment and other policies are more smoothly coordinated to improve the integration effect.

　　"In order to promote active fiscal policies to improve efficiency, be more precise and sustainable, local governments must also improve the efficiency of the use of fiscal funds." Li Xuhong suggested that local governments should improve budget performance management, performance evaluation, and supervision and accountability mechanisms to improve fiscal performance. The timeliness and effectiveness of capital expenditures, and by revitalizing existing funds through timely recovery of surplus funds, effectively improve the efficiency of the use of fiscal funds, and provide strong support for ensuring the sustainability of fiscal policies.