Three days that changed history

——Zunyi Conference to save the Chinese revolution at the critical moment

From the founding of the party to the founding of the country, the Chinese Communist Party has traveled 28 years, and the midpoint of the time and space coordinates fell in Zunyi in 1935.

A three-day meeting changed Chinese history.

It was 14 years from the founding of the Communist Party of China to the convening of the Zunyi Conference, and it was also 14 years from the convening of the Zunyi Conference to the founding of New China.

In the 14 years before the Chinese revolution, the Chinese revolution made painstaking explorations and experienced several ups and downs; in the following 14 years, they strode forward to victory.

Why is history turning in Zunyi?

Turning point, the helmsman can easily take a new path

　　In the twelfth lunar month of winter, Loushan Pass was full of snow, and people in Zunyi were bustling.

　　The reporter climbed to the second floor of the Zunyi Conference site, and the rattling of the wooden floor seemed to penetrate the dust of history.

　　Slowly walking into this meeting place that changed Chinese history, the national first-class cultural relic in front of you-the rectangular conference table, as if silently telling the words and sentences of the three days, the treasure of the memorial hall on the wall-the wall clock, seems The minutes and seconds of the three days are echoing continuously.

　　86 years ago, it was also such a time, the sky was freezing outside the window, but there was a heated debate inside the house.

From January 15 to 17, 1935, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting here to summarize the issue of military routes since the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign.

　　According to the "History of the Red Army's Long March": "The Zunyi Conference was held for three days. The atmosphere was intense and the speech was very loud. Every day, the meeting was adjourned until midnight."

　　Although the brazier under the table could not dissipate the chill that filled the house, Mao Zedong's sonorous speech made the hearts of the young revolutionaries at the meeting hot.

Wang Jiaxiang, who was lying on a rattan lounge chair, was wounded with a gunshot wound and had a high fever. After listening to the speech, he straightened up and applauded Mao Zedong enthusiastically. He resolutely suggested that Mao Zedong should come out to command the troops.

　　The meeting formed a general resolution of more than 12,000 words, summed up the lessons of failure, passed the co-election of Mao Zedong as a member of the Politburo Standing Committee, canceled the "three-member regiment" of military command established before the Long March, and decided to cross the Yangtze River to create a new base area.

After the Zunyi meeting, Wu Xiuquan wrote: "The helmsman has changed the oars, and the revolution has since embarked on a new path."

　　Comrade Deng Xiaoping later commented on the Zunyi Conference and said: "Our party's collective leadership was gradually formed from the Zunyi Conference." "Any collective leadership must have a core. Leadership without a core is unreliable."

　　"One country, one political party, and the core of leadership are crucial." In 2016, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clarified the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping and formally proposed the "Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core"; in 2017, the party At the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era was established as the party’s guide for action.

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era-this is the echo of history, the inheritance of purpose, the call of reality, and the expectation of the people.

Autonomy, criticize dogma and set direction

　　In the early morning of January 25, the Zunyi Conference site welcomed the first visitor of the day.

“I saw this building in textbooks since I was a child, and I finally saw the real thing today.” Lu Feng, a 63-year-old tourist from Henan, faced this two-story building that combines Chinese and Western emotions.

The retired coach of the Henan volleyball team drove from Zhengzhou, first to Shaoshan and then to Zunyi.

"It is in this building that Chairman Mao Zedong began to become the leader of the Chinese revolution." Lu Feng muttered to himself, looking up at the meeting site.

　　Leaders do not fall from the sky.

Although Mao Zedong had been revoked his military command before the Long March, he always maintained a great sense of mission and responsibility for the future of the Chinese revolution.

Along the way, he continued to win the majority of the leadership of the party and the Red Army, striving to break free from the shackles of "Left" adventurism.

With the passage meeting, the Liping meeting, the monkey field meeting, breaking through the Wujiang River, and outsmarting Zunyi as a prelude, Mao Zedong’s military precision and outstanding talents have been fully tested in practice, and the Red Army gradually formed trust in Mao Zedong’s strategy and tactics. .

　　Before the Zunyi meeting, Zhang Wentian and Wang Jiaxiang had an "Orange Garden Dialogue" in Huangping, Guizhou.

Wang Jiaxiang asked: "What will the Red Army do next? Can Bogu and Li De continue doing this?" Zhang Wentian replied: "I think twice, they can't command the troops again. Comrade Mao Zedong is still required! Mao Zedong has a better way to fight than we do. "

　　"In the early days of the Long March, the young revolutionaries of the Chinese Communist Party experienced fierce controversy. The military commanders represented by Bogu and Li De carried out the Communist International's intentions, while the national backbone represented by Mao Zedong insisted on walking in line with the characteristics of the Chinese revolution. The road to independence and self-reliance. The Zunyi Conference ended this controversy completely with the correct line represented by Mao Zedong." said Xu Jing, executive director of the Chinese Communist Party History Society and chief expert of the "Zunyi Conference Spirit Research" project.

　　Looking back on this period of history many years later, Comrade Mao Zedong once pointed out: "The Chinese do not understand the situation in China, how can this be done? The true understanding of independence started with the Zunyi Conference, which criticized dogmatism."

Inheritance, a new machine for red gene breeding

　　"The red relics of Zunyi are far from being fully excavated." Lei Guangren, the former curator of the Zunyi Meeting Site Memorial Hall, believes that the state will focus on building the Long March National Cultural Park during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. This is a historic development opportunity for Zunyi. Not only will it lead to breakthroughs in Zunyi's "Four History" research, it will also enable citizens and tourists to achieve a better travel experience and realize the nourishment of red culture in a quiet way.

"More than 3 million people visit the venue every year. With the construction of the Long March Cultural Park, not only will there be more tourists, but it will also encourage everyone to stay a few more days and explore new discoveries about red tourism in Zunyi."

　　"I have calculated that the Long March of the Red Army has to travel at least 40 kilometers a day, which is equivalent to walking more than 60,000 steps a day, and they are all done in the struggle against harsh environments and vicious enemies. Without the support of extraordinary beliefs, it is unimaginable. Kong Xia, a red volunteer preacher from the Honghuagang District of Zunyi, has been telling the story of red for 7 years. In her study, there are photos of her grandfather, the first curator of the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall and the old Red Army Kong Xianquan.

"I learned about the whole Long March by organizing my grandfather's stories, and then bringing these stories to school and telling them to the children." Kong Xia said that she spent her free time organizing and disseminating the stories of the Zunyi Conference and the Long March.

　　People in Zunyi love red. Inheriting the red gene has a strong attraction in this city. The "City of Transition" is the favorite name of citizens. There is no need for organization. There are red properties in the community, red songs in the square, and red hands in the shops.

In 2014, Zunyi party history enthusiasts also spontaneously established the Long March Study Society in the country. Lei Guangren, the secretary-general of the society, told reporters that the society has more than 200 members, all of whom are volunteer interpreters and disseminators of red culture. There are more than 200 special lectures organized by the society every year.

Since July 2016, the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall has held touring exhibitions across the country with the theme of "Long March and Zunyi Conference", with more than 2 million visitors each year, becoming a "mobile lecture hall" for inheriting the red genes of the Long March and conducting revolutionary traditional education. .

　　"The spirit of the Zunyi Conference has irreplaceable practical significance for Guizhou." Xu Jing, the chief expert of the "Study on the Spirit of the Zunyi Conference", said that General Secretary Xi Jinping asked Guizhou to keep the two bottom lines of development and ecology and blaze a new path for development.

The value pursuit of "firm conviction, seeking truth from facts, independence, and dare to break new paths" contained in the spirit of the Zunyi Conference has been integrated into poverty alleviation and other work.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the traffic in Guizhou has been reborn at an unprecedented speed.

In 2018, the roads were connected from village to village and group to group.

The six high-speed railways that have been completed and will be completed have transformed Guizhou from a corner in the southwest into a transportation hub connecting the southwest and south, central and northwestern China.

The most proud of Guizhou people are those in the tens of thousands of mountains that have created many of the world's first bridges: Beipan River Bridge, Baling River Bridge, Yachi River Bridge... Qianshan Land, which the Red Army soldiers once measured with their feet , Now there is no more dangerous way.

　　The spirit of the Zunyi Conference led the people of Guizhou into a new era and created one miracle after another.

From overall poverty alleviation to ecological civilization construction, from the big data industry leading the way to the rapid development of infrastructure, Guizhou is no longer synonymous with poverty and backwardness, but a "model province" that catches up with and surpasses.

(Our reporter Lu Shen)