After an extraordinary 2020, we have mixed feelings.
In 2021, how to track the country's economic, technological, and food development trends?
What are the new changes in all aspects of food, clothing, housing and transportation?
For many of your concerns, a reporter from Xinhua News Agency recently interviewed ten ministers to see what they said.
-Ask about the general trend of economic development
Fighting the epidemic and seeking development, China will become the only major economy in the world to achieve positive economic growth in 2020.
What is the economic trend in 2021?
Ning Jizhe, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission and Director of the National Bureau of Statistics:
Eight words describe the current economic operation of our country-continuous recovery and stable recovery.
my country's economic growth rate is expected to be around 2% in 2020.
my country is still in a period of important strategic opportunities for development.
We have the confidence, foundation and confidence to promote the sustained economic recovery and stable development.
In 2021, the macro policy should consolidate the foundation for economic recovery, smooth out economic fluctuations, and promote economic growth, employment, prices and other economic operation indicators to return to a reasonable range.
——Ask about core technology research
Technology is the key variable in the great changes unseen in a century.
As the "14th Five-Year Plan" is a new start, how will we give full play to the role of the new nationwide system, speed up the research on key core technologies, and develop more unique skills?
Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology:
At present, the external environment for the development of my country's scientific and technological innovation is severe and complex, and we urgently need to build a "technical trump card army."
In the future, the reform of the science and technology system will shift from supporting institutions and tasks to more support for outstanding talents; the research and formulation of a ten-year action plan for basic research will be accelerated to support and encourage scientific and technological workers to bravely innovate "no man's land"; encourage enterprises to take the lead in organizing implementation National major scientific and technological tasks, supporting leading companies to take the lead in forming major innovation consortia; will take "revealing the rankings" as a major measure to deepen the reform of scientific research management, and hope that "everyone will innovate".
——Ask to tackle climate warming
In recent years, everyone has felt that the climate is a bit "unusual".
In the face of retreating glaciers, rising sea levels, and frequent extreme weather, what measures will we take to "reduce carbon"?
Huang Runqiu, Minister of Ecology and Environment:
Take more effective measures to control fossil energy consumption, vigorously develop non-fossil energy and renewable energy; vigorously develop low-carbon transportation, green buildings, and promote green and low-carbon production and lifestyles... At present, the carbon emissions peaking action by 2030 has been launched The preparation of the plan will further accelerate the pace, continue to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the whole society during the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and realize the historic change from "I want to be environmentally friendly" to "I want to be environmentally friendly."
——Ask about food security
The more you face risks, the more you have to hold your job firmly in your hands.
Is my country's seed industry highly dependent on foreign countries?
Where is the weak link?
How will it work?
Tang Renjian, Director of the Central Agricultural Office and Minister of Agriculture and Rural Affairs:
The area of my country's independent selection of crop varieties accounted for more than 95%, foreign-funded enterprises accounted for about 3% of my country's seed market, and imported seeds accounted for 0.1% of the national seed consumption.
However, the independent innovation of my country's seed industry does lag behind that of developed countries. If extreme supply cuts occur in some varieties, fields, and links, although they will not be "dead with one card," they will indeed affect the speed, quality and efficiency of agricultural development.
We will speed up the implementation of seed source "stuck neck" technology research, narrow the gap between corn, soybeans, live pigs, dairy cows and other varieties and the international advanced level, resolutely win the battle of the seed industry, and ensure that the Chinese bowl mainly contains Chinese grains Use Chinese species.
-Ask 5G in-depth application
In 2020, my country's 5G is running fast, with approximately 580,000 5G base stations newly added throughout the year, and the number of 5G terminal connections has exceeded 200 million.
How will 5G deep application be expanded in the future?
What new developments and new opportunities will it bring?
Xiao Yaqing, Minister of Industry and Information Technology:
We will complete the in-depth coverage of 5G prefecture-level and above cities as soon as possible, and gradually accelerate the expansion to qualified counties and towns.
In terms of industrial digitization, we will in-depth implementation of intelligent manufacturing projects, deepen the "5G + Industrial Internet" 512 project, focus on 10 key industries, and form 20 typical industrial application scenarios, and strive to land in more industrial enterprises.
While actively creating a good environment for the development of 5G applications, we must also maintain patience and allow space.
I believe that in the near future, 5G will bring gratifying and even unexpected changes.
——Ask about tax reduction and fee reduction
Affected by the epidemic in 2020, many business operations will be affected.
The state promptly introduced policies to reduce taxes and fees for enterprises by more than 2.5 trillion yuan.
Many companies are concerned about whether this year's tax and fee reduction efforts will be reduced?
Minister of Finance Liu Kun:
The Ministry of Finance will continue to promote tax and fee reductions, comprehensively consider the financial affordability and the need to implement policies to help enterprises, maintain a certain degree of tax and fee reduction, continue to implement institutional tax and fee reduction policies, and help enterprises, and then “send One ride".
It will overcome the immediate pressure of revenue and expenditure, resolutely reduce the tax reduction in place, reduce the fee reduction in place, release the water to raise fish, and help enterprises to go into battle and develop better.
-Ask about housing in big cities
The high housing prices in big cities, the irrational supply structure of the leasing market, the irregular market order, and the instability of leasing relations have caused serious housing difficulties for new citizens and young people.
How will this year solve the outstanding problems of housing in big cities and regulate the order of the housing rental market?
Wang Menghui, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development:
It is necessary to speed up the construction of a housing security system with affordable rental housing and common property housing as the main body.
In terms of regulating the development of the housing rental market, it is necessary to promote the promulgation of the "Regulations on Housing Rental," and accelerate the improvement of long-term rental policies.
Rectify and standardize the order of the leasing market, intensify the rectification of "high-in-low-out", "long-term receipt and short-term payment" and the establishment of fund pools in violation of regulations to prevent "explosion" risks.
Reduce the burden of renting housing taxes and fees, and conduct reasonable adjustments to rent levels.
-Ask about new measures to promote consumption
To build a new development pattern, whether it is to smooth the domestic big cycle or to promote the domestic and international double cycles, in these cycles, ordinary people participate the most, I am afraid that consumption "buy, buy and buy".
What new measures does the country have to promote consumption this year?
Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao:
First of all, we must improve the traditional consumption level, accelerate the cultivation of new types of consumption, and meet everyone's personalized and customized consumption needs.
At the same time, it is necessary to accelerate online and offline integration to increase circulation efficiency and reduce costs.
It is also necessary to optimize the consumption upgrade platform, build a quarter of an hour community convenience living circle, carry out the three-year operation of branding convenience stores, promote convenience stores to enter the community, and transform a number of convenient service facilities such as breakfast shops and vegetable markets.
-Ask the trend of monetary policy
In response to the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the People's Bank of China has implemented a series of special and phased policies in 2020. When these policies have completed their mission and are about to withdraw, how can they avoid the superimposed effect of policy withdrawal?
Yi Gang, Governor of the People's Bank of China:
China has not adopted zero or even negative interest rates, nor has it implemented a quantitative easing policy. It is one of the few major economies that implement normal monetary policies. We have never been "overwhelming".
Therefore, with regard to China's monetary policy, the exit problem is relatively small.
In 2021, the monetary policy should be "stable" and maintain the sustainability of the normal monetary policy space.
-Ask for market supervision and enforcement
Ensuring food and drug safety, and improving the quality of products and services are issues of great concern to the people.
In response to the most immediate and practical interests of the people, what new measures will the market supervision department take?
Zhang Gong, Director of the State Administration for Market Regulation:
Ensure the health and safety of 1.4 billion people with three meals a day and the effective safety of medication.
With the strongest sense of responsibility and strictest supervision measures, we must continuously improve the safety mark and firmly hold the bottom line of safety.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we will focus on the areas of food and drug production, distribution, and operation, and focus on strengthening special supervision, corporate credit supervision and smart supervision, starting from the trivial things around the people, and hitting a combination of food and drug safety supervision.
Planning: Zhao Cheng, Liu Jie, Sun Zhiping
Producer: Zhang Xudong, Chen Duo, Fan Hua
Coordinator: Han Jie, Zhang Weige, Yang Zhigang
Text: Wei Yukun, Huang Yao, Zhang Qianqian, An Bei, Chen Fang, Hu Zhe, Gao Jing, Yu Wenjing, Zhang Xinxin, Zhou Yuan, Shen Cheng, Wang Youling, Yu Jiaxin, Wang Yuxiao, Wu Yu, Zhao Wenjun
Video: Hu Zhe, Wang Yuxiao, Zhou Yuan, Yang Mu, Zhang Shuang, Guo Yanqing, Zhen Xiaobo, Ruan Shuai, Jiang Liang, Wu Siyu, Jiang Zhiqiang, Zhang Qiao, Zhang Wen, Jiang Hanzhang, Yin Jiajie, Mei Yuanlong
Poster/Cover: Gemdale, Lu Zhe
Visual/Editing: Gemdale, Jia Yining
Produced by Xinhua News Agency