People work hard in spring to prepare for ploughing

National spring agricultural production starts gradually from south to north

  Our reporter Gao Yuncai Wang Hao Yu Jingxian

  "People's Daily" (March 24, 2021 Edition 01)

  "The spring equinox is here, the plow jumps." Harrowing, irrigation, seed selection, seedling raising...Fang Zhiyong, the leader of the Shengshi Planting Professional Cooperative in Linshui County, Sichuan Province, was very busy. "The green rice produced by the cooperative last year was of high quality. The price is good in the market, and the supply exceeds demand."

  Kong De, chairman of the Limin Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Nishan Town, Qufu City, Shandong Province, said with a smile: "This year the cooperative has adjusted its structure and the potato has increased to more than 1,000 mu. The whole process is mechanized, and the cost is 2/3 lower than that of labor."

  General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Central Rural Work Conference that the initiative in food security must be firmly held, and food production must be stepped up every year.

  The policy spring breeze is blowing slowly.

The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Achieving the Effective Connection of the Consolidation and Expansion of Poverty Alleviation Results with Rural Revitalization" pointed out that supporting the development and growth of rural characteristic industries in poverty alleviation areas.

The "14th Five-Year Plan" and the 2035 long-term goal outline proposed to continue to strengthen the basic position of agriculture, deepen the structural reform of the agricultural supply side, strengthen the quality orientation, and promote the revitalization of rural industries.

  At present, spring agricultural production across the country is in full swing, gradually expanding from south to north.

According to the latest agricultural conditions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 4.5% of the country’s spring grain has been sown, of which 37.6% have been sown for early rice in the south, 9.6% have been sown for middle rice in the southwest, 2.9% have been sown for spring corn, and 27.6% have been sown for potatoes.

This year, the planting area of ​​winter wheat and winter rape has both resumed growth.

The planting area of ​​winter wheat was 335 million mu, an increase of more than 3 million mu over the previous year; the planting area of ​​winter rape was more than 96 million mu, an increase of about 4 million mu over the previous year.

The proportion of winter wheat returned to young seedlings was 88%, 1.3 percentage points higher than the same period of the previous year.

The growth of winter wheat and winter rape in most places is better than that of the previous year, and there is a good foundation for achieving a bumper summer grain and oil harvest.

  The agricultural supply-side structural reforms continue to deepen, and the agricultural supply-side structural reforms continue to be deepened.

  Renqin spring comes early, and Yamada is busy with water.

Stabilizing rations, soybeans, and corn, the structural reforms of the agricultural supply side are constantly deepening, and "two stability and one increase" have become the main theme of spring plowing production.

  Stabilize food rations, produce good yields, and supply them well, and keep the bottom line of food security.

  “Plowing the fields quickly during the spring equinox, using four ploughs and five rakes to do a good job.” The Shengshi Plantation Professional Cooperative transferred 2,800 mu of cultivated land and 7500 acres of cultivated land under trusteeship. Fang Zhiyong focused on structural adjustments to increase the area of ​​high-quality early rice planting. This practice allowed him to try last year. When it’s sweet, the cooperative’s annual surplus reached 4.63 million yuan. “To stabilize the ration, increase the planting area and produce high-quality rice. This year the cooperative will increase the area of ​​early rice sown in spring, mainly to do four things: sufficient agricultural resources and land cultivation. , Seedling breeding, seedling transplanting."

  Fang Zhiyong not only transferred and managed the cultivated land by himself, but also expanded the area of ​​social service land and became a real "tian nanny".

In this year's spring ploughing, the cooperative has managed a total of 38,000 mu of cultivated land.

  "One water in spring can yield a thousand catties per mu." According to Jing Donglin, director of the Wheat Research Institute of Xingtai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hebei Province, when planted in autumn and winter last year, Xingtai's high-quality special wheat increased.

"The production of high-quality strong gluten wheat is all organized according to orders. The city's high-quality strong gluten wheat demonstration area has expanded to 600,000 mu this year."

  Stabilize soybeans, aim at domestic demand, and continue to exert force on the supply side.

  "After the vernal equinox, plant soybeans." Changyuan Family Farm is located in Zhongping Village, Ersheng Town, Banan District, Chongqing City. The farmer Liu Changyuan is an expert farmer. By this year, he has transferred a total of 220 acres of land. "Paddy fields are mainly used to grow rice. Soybeans and miscellaneous grains should still be planted in dry land. Soybean benefits are good, and there will be a variety of soybeans this year."

  Speaking of increasing soybean planting area, Li Fengyu, chairman of the Renfadai Agricultural Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Henan Township, Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, said: “The cooperative has a transfer of 54,000 mu of land, and conditions for increasing soybean planting. The cooperative has a surplus of 53.28 million yuan last year. The average dividend of the members per mu has increased to 922 yuan, and the contribution of soybeans is much older!"

  Increase corn to meet market gaps and use full embroidery skills.

  With drizzle rain, the 10,000-mu demonstration square in Sunhanfu Village, Zhaijia Town, Linyi County, Shandong Province rumbled, and a ridge of new soil was plowed like woodcuts by a machine hand.

"Maize will be planted in spring this year and continue to implement'one increase and four reforms.'" said Qi Baoping, director of Zhaijia Town’s Agricultural Technology Station, adding appropriate increase in planting density, changing to dense-tolerant varieties, changing interplanting to direct seeding, and changing extensive fertilization to formula fertilization. Change manual operation to mechanized operation.

  "This method can generally bring about 1,800 jin of corn." Sun Fengzhong, the party secretary of Sun Hanfu Village, said, "The dry land and the places where the borders are turned are used to grow corn and miscellaneous grains."

  In the large fields of the Rongqiao Agricultural Machinery Service Cooperative in Shuangjiang Village, Quantang Town, Xiangxiang City, Hunan Province, a large grain farmer Shu Gangju is driving a plow to plow the fields. He leads more than 10 villagers in full swing.

  "Two Stables and One Increase" to consolidate the foundation of the granary of big countries.

This year, we will ensure that the annual grain planting area is stabilized at 1.75 billion mu.

The area of ​​corn increased by more than 10 million mu in the Northeast, Huanghuaihai and other regions.

Implement the soybean revitalization plan, and strive to stabilize the soybean sown area at more than 140 million mu this year.

In the Yangtze River basin, we will promote the planting model of rice oil and rice oil to consolidate the area of ​​double-cropping rice. At the same time, we will vigorously develop winter rapeseed and improve the ability to guarantee oil supply.

  Zhang Hongyu, deputy dean of the China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University, said that to achieve a bumper harvest throughout the year, we must coordinate epidemic prevention and control and spring agricultural production, and fight the first battle of spring management and spring sowing.

  Do a good job in agricultural addition and subtraction methods, promote input reduction and increase efficiency, and green production has become a general trend of spring plowing

  Green manure has been planted for three years, and thin land has become good land.

Guided by green development, it has become a general trend of spring plowing production.

  Focusing on resource conservation has become a new fashion in spring farming.

  In Qianguoerluosi Mongolian Autonomous County, Jilin, agricultural technicians collected and tested soil samples from the county early. After the startling sting, 3000 soil testing formula fertilization cards were sent to the farmers.

According to calculations, after soil testing and formula fertilization, corn can save 4 kilograms of fertilizer per mu and increase the yield by 20 kilograms.

  At present, it is a critical period for wheat management.

More than 700 acres of wheat in Wanghuaiyu Village, Cuijiamiao Town, Fucheng County, Hebei Province, are green.

"Mechanization of planting, drones for topdressing, and harvesting are managed." Villager Wang Zhide entrusted all the 8 acres of land in his family, and the cooperative worked out operating specifications.

  "At present, 100,000 mu of land in the county has achieved trusteeship. According to the actual situation, it is divided into'nanny' full trusteeship and'menu type' semi-trusteeship." He Bingjing, director of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Fucheng County, introduced that the cooperative implemented the trusteeship service. Unified purchase of agricultural materials, unified soil testing and fertilization, unified water-saving irrigation, unified prevention and control operations, and unified intelligent monitoring.

The "five unification" management has achieved cost-saving and efficiency-increasing.

In Fucheng County, the cooperative cooperated with scientific research institutions to promote 25 excellent varieties, and the coverage rate of excellent varieties in the county reached more than 98%.

  Pay attention to green ecology and become a new mode of spring farming.

  In Zhushi Village, Tafeng Town, Lanshan County, Hunan Province, more than 300 acres of rape blossoms just came to an end, and rice began to soak and raise seedlings. Huang Xuelin, a major grain grower, drove a rotary tiller to crush the rape flowers and return them to the field. Seeds such as green manure, grass seeds, etc., do not water, fertilize, or harvest seeds. When rapeseed enters the flowering and pod stage, it will be pressed into the soil in time to provide base fertilizer for the rotating rice, and the rice will grow stronger!"

  Shrimp farmers in Xiangzhou District, Xiangyang City, Hubei got busy after they got off the net and picked up shrimps.

Chen Congbing, a large shrimp farmer in Longxing Village, Longwang Town, sighed, “Protect one pond and raise one pond.” This year, Longwang Town vigorously develops rice and shrimp farming, and has developed more than 146 rice and shrimp farmers with a total of 286 shrimp. The pond, with an area of ​​more than 20,000 acres, has become a high-standard demonstration base of "rice and shrimp co-cultivation" in Hubei province.

  Paying attention to product quality has become a new pursuit of spring plowing.

  Accompanied by the roar of the machine, the hills of raw materials have undergone scientific mixing, fermentation and other procedures to become packages of bio-organic fertilizer.

Walking into the production workshop of the Hejiaxin Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Longwang Town, Xiangzhou District, the chairman Bai Shiwenzheng and the workers worked overtime to produce biological fertilizer and seedling base fertilizer to ensure the mechanized seedling cultivation of rice in spring.

Bai Shiwen introduced that these bio-organic fertilizers are not only more suitable for growing seedlings, but also have a purifying effect on the soil. "When the soil is good, the seedlings will be good, and the quality of the crops will be high."

  The "dual substitution" action of replacing inorganic fertilizers with organic fertilizers and replacing chemical pesticides with biological pesticides is quietly deployed in Lu'an City, Anhui Province.

Walking into the standardized tea garden of Taiyang Township in the core production area of ​​Huangya in Huoshan County, rows of solar insecticidal lamps and insect traps were opened.

He Xiangru, a tea farmer in Jinzhuping Village, Taiyang Township, said: “A problem in one household affects the entire ravine. Who would dare to fight drugs? Now, green planting is our conscious action.”

  When the spring equinox falls, the rain family is busy, planting melons, beans, and potato seedlings, and green spring plowing adds splendid scenery to spring agricultural production.

This year, my country will steadily promote the environmental management of agricultural production areas and the quality and safety of agricultural products, carry out trials of organic fertilizer substitution and agricultural film compensation, deepen agricultural water conservation and control, implement 50 million mu of cultivated soil pollution control and more than 40 million mu of crop rotation and fallow, and rebuild 100 green prevention and control demonstration counties, and 10,000 green, organic, and geographical indication agricultural products.

  Ye Xingqing, Minister of the Rural Economy Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said: “Innovation in systems and mechanisms has promoted green development, and my country has embarked on a path of agricultural modernization that features high output, product safety, resource conservation, and environmental friendliness.”

  From being able to farm to "wisdom" farming, new technologies are showing their talents in the field

  Combing the spring equinox wheat, the wheat is green.

Smart agriculture, smart agricultural machinery, and high-quality farmers are busy on the front line of spring plowing preparation, adding new colors to the modernization of spring plowing production.

  Internet + agricultural technology and agronomy, farming is efficient and labor-saving.

  Fertilization, debugging, and take-off. In the 1,000-mu wheat demonstration field in Huanggong Town, Wusu City, Xinjiang, the plant protection drone flew steadily into the farmland under the control of a technician to spray fertilizer.

“The drone sprays the fertilizer very evenly, saving labor and time. The 800 mu of wheat top-dressing will be dried in two days.” Major grower Ma Jianming gave a thumbs up.

  In the seedling raising workshop of the Xidong Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Yueyang County, Hunan, the precision printing seedling seedling raising machine is operating at high speed.

As the machine rotates, the seeds are evenly "printed" onto the degradable special paper for sowing and raising seedlings.

"This new equipment was introduced by Hunan Agricultural University. It can save seeds by nearly 50%. It also improves the germination rate of seeds and the quality of seedlings, and the grain output can increase by 10%." Yang Hongbo, the head of the cooperative, said excitedly.

  "Fertilization has changed from'hand feeling' to'remote sensing'!" Wang Zhicheng, chairman of the Jinwofu Wheat Planting Professional Cooperative in Quzhou County, Hebei Province, sighed. The remote sensing drone flew around, and the condition of the land was very clear." Green means good soil fertility, and red means more fertilization. Wheat has been'eaten' more nutritious, and the yield per mu has increased from 1,000 jin to 1,300 jin."

  The help of "cloud technology" has become a new trend of spring plowing.

  Tap the phone, and the water mist automatically rushes out from the nozzle, and the soil moisture and crop growth status are clearly displayed on the screen.

In the hybrid rice seed production and commercial grain base in Sijiadang Village, Huachong Town, Shuyang County, Jiangsu Province, mobile phones have become a good helper for farmers in spring ploughing.

This year, Shuyang County has 1.41 million mu of wheat in the field, and "cloud technologies" such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence have taken care of grain production throughout the entire process.

  At present, potato and other crops in Qingdao, Shandong have entered a critical period of planting, and the turning green of wheat also ushered in the best time for weeding and fertilization.

In Zhuji Village, Yanghe Town, the unmanned rotary tiller shuttled back and forth in the farmland, and the unmanned planter followed up to perform automatic planting. The planting line was straight and the soil was evenly covered.

"In the past, when planting potatoes, the whole village had to go to battle. Now, with unmanned rotary tillers, ridgers and planters, planting is much easier." Du Gaogu, chairman of Qingdao High-yield Agricultural Machinery Cooperative, planted this year I planted 80 acres of potatoes, and they were all planted in less than a day. "With the Beidou navigation control system, the operation accuracy is high, and the error is controlled within two centimeters."

  At present, the number of agricultural Beidou terminal agricultural machinery in Qingdao has reached more than 3,000, and more than 80% of potato, carrot and other crop ridge operations have been unmanned; there are more than 10,000 mobile plant protection pesticide application machines and more than 800 plant protection drones in the city. , The three-dimensional operation pattern of "above ground + underground + low altitude" is basically constructed.

  High-quality farmers have become the supporting force for high-quality development.

  In the kiwi orchard in Yueyuan Village, Pengshan District, Meishan, Sichuan, Liu Jian and everyone were busy pruning branches and trimming leaves.

The new type of professional farmer training has transformed him from a "new farmer" to a "leader", managing more than 50 acres of kiwifruit and more than 100 acres of citrus.

"Rural revitalization is inseparable from the revitalization of talents. More people are willing to return to their hometowns to start businesses. Agriculture will definitely become a promising industry." They are confident about the future.

  During spring plowing this year, Liuhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province launched a smart agricultural machinery service platform.

"More than 50 units (sets) of machinery can provide services through the platform, and farmers can easily rent the machinery." said Zhu Jiugui, director of the Shoujia Agricultural Machinery Service Cooperative in Liuhe District, Nanjing.

At present, this platform has assembled 532 agricultural machinery operators and established contacts with more than 500 farmers.

  In the vast fields, large agricultural machinery running on the ground, drones flying in the sky, big data for field management, and smart spring ploughing help improve the quality and efficiency of agriculture.

This year, my country will further promote the "Internet +" agricultural product export from villages to cities, and accelerate the construction of 110 pilot counties.

At present, the contribution rate of my country's agricultural science and technology progress exceeds 60%, and the national comprehensive mechanization rate of crop cultivation and harvesting has reached 71%.

  To live up to the good spring, spring ploughing is busy preparing for ploughing.

This year, my country will ensure that its grain output remains stable at more than 1.3 trillion catties.

At present, Liaoning Province has set a clear goal and task for the grain planting area of ​​52.91 million mu and the output of 46.8 billion jin.

Sichuan Province has made every effort to promote spring field management and spring ploughing preparations, firmly grasp the annual grain production, ensure that the grain area and output will only increase, and strive to reach 95 million mu of grain and the output of 70.8 billion jin.

Anhui Province has decomposed 109.45 million mu of tasks into wheat, early rice, and autumn grain crops, moderately expanded the area of ​​early rice, stabilized the area of ​​one-season rice, expanded corn planting, stabilized the area of ​​soybeans and tuber crops, implemented wall chart operations, and farmed on the surface.

  Looking at the front line of spring ploughing and preparation, all localities and departments continue to consolidate the agricultural foundation, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation, and hundreds of millions of farmers are striding forward on the road of rural revitalization.