Chinanews.com, March 8th, the State Council Information Office today held a press conference on "in-depth implementation of the new development concept to ensure a good start in the 14th Five-Year Plan".
Ning Jizhe, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the meeting that with the support of macroeconomic policies and the efforts of market players, the economic and social development goals and tasks for the whole year can be achieved with confidence.
At the meeting, a reporter asked: Judging from the current situation, the macro economy will still face the risk of imported epidemics in 2021. At the same time, the external economic uncertainty is still large. How do you view these issues?
In terms of policies and reforms, how will the economic recovery be supported in 2021?
Ensure the realization of the annual economic and social development goals and tasks?
Ning Jizhe stated that China's economic operations from January to February 2021 have continued the trend of stable recovery since the second quarter of last year.
In terms of production indicators, in the first two months, the nationwide unified adjustment of power generation and the number of railway vehicles increased by 24.2% and 16.5% respectively year-on-year.
In terms of demand indicators, retail catering consumption during the Spring Festival this year increased by 28.7% compared with last year's Spring Festival and 4.9% compared with the 2019 Spring Festival before the epidemic.
The movie box office in February was 12.265 billion yuan, setting a global single-month single-market box office record.
After the Spring Festival, the rates of resumption of investment projects and construction companies were higher than in previous years.
The import and export data was released yesterday. The total value of imports and exports denominated in RMB from January to February increased by 32.2% year-on-year, of which exports increased by 50.1%.
From the perspective of economic indicators, the purchasing manager index (PMI) of the manufacturing industry and the non-manufacturing business activity index in February were 50.6% and 51.4%, respectively. They have been above the prosperity and decline lines for 12 consecutive months, indicating that the economy has maintained an expansion trend.
Ning Jizhe pointed out that the sustained and stable recovery of my country's economy still faces some risks and challenges. The new crown pneumonia epidemic is still spreading globally, the world economic situation is severe and complex, and unstable and uncertain factors have increased; the foundation for domestic economic recovery is not yet solid, and household consumption is still affected. Restrictions, insufficient stamina for investment growth, and more difficulties for small, medium and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.
However, it should be noted that many of the problems in the domestic economy are in the process of recovery and can be solved through development.
"We must actively guard against and properly respond to the various risks of external input, and use the certainty of domestic active work to hedge the uncertainties of the international complex environment." Ning Jizhe said.
Ning Jizhe stated that the draft plan report clarified the main goals for economic and social development in 2021, including GDP growth of more than 6%, more than 11 million new urban jobs, urban surveyed unemployment rate of about 5.5%, and CPI increase of about 3%. .
The presentation of these indicators takes into account the recovery of economic operations, the impact of the epidemic on the economic trajectory, and the balance between the years, reflecting the requirements of forward-looking and inter-regional control.
We can be sure that with the support of macroeconomic policies and the efforts of market players, the economic and social development goals and tasks for the whole year can be achieved with confidence.
Ning Jizhe introduced policy measures from six aspects:
One is to maintain the necessary support for macroeconomic policies.
To promote the steady, healthy and sustainable development of the economy, we must maintain the continuity, stability, and sustainability of macro-policies, do not make a sharp turn, and make timely adjustments and improvements according to changes in the situation.
Continue to implement proactive fiscal policies. In 2021, general public budget expenditures will exceed 25 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.8% over the previous year; general transfer payments from the central government to local governments will increase by 7.8%; balanced transfer payments will increase by more than 10%.
Continue to implement a prudent monetary policy, and the growth rate of money supply and the scale of social financing will basically match the growth rate of the nominal economy. The growth rate of nominal GDP this year may be relatively high, and liquidity must remain reasonably sufficient.
Continue to implement the employment-priority policy, increase the urban new employment target by 2 million people from last year, continue to provide necessary fiscal and financial support to enterprises that do not lay off workers but continue to reduce unemployment and work-related injury insurance rates.
The second is to continue to implement the policy of benefiting enterprises to help them out.
Enterprises are the source of economic growth. Stabilizing 140 million market players will stabilize the economic fundamentals.
In terms of tax reduction policies, we will continue to implement systemic tax reduction policies, extend the implementation period of some phased policies, and implement new structural tax reduction measures.
In terms of financial policies, the policy of deferred principal and interest payment for inclusive small and micro enterprise loans was continued, and bank funds flowed more to small and micro enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households, etc. Inclusive small and micro enterprise loans by large commercial banks increased by more than 30%. Industries and enterprises affected by the epidemic continue to provide targeted support and continue to guide the financial system to transfer profits to the real economy.
In terms of cost reduction, continue to promote the reduction of general industrial and commercial electricity prices, reduce the average broadband and dedicated line tariffs for small and medium-sized enterprises by another 10%, abolish port construction fees, and reduce the civil aviation development fund airline collection standard by another 20%, and encourage places that are more affected by the epidemic Small and micro service enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households renting state-owned housing will be reduced or exempted from rent.
The third is to make good use of reform policies.
Reform is both a driving force and an integral part of macro policy.
Stable growth and development must rely more on the fundamental driving force of reform and innovation.
Reform policies must focus on stimulating market vitality, adhere to the two "unwavering" actions, implement the action plan for building a high-standard market system, and deepen system reforms such as decentralization, management, service, enterprise, fiscal, taxation, finance, and pricing.
The opening-up policy should strengthen support and guarantees, stabilize foreign trade and foreign investment, stabilize the scale of trade and market players, promote the steady increase of foreign trade import and export volume, maintain a basic balance of international payments, and promote foreign trade such as the free trade zone and the Hainan free trade port. Opening up highland construction, relying on the advantages of my country's large market to promote international cooperation, and promote the domestic and international double cycle.
The fourth is to clarify the direction of scientific and technological development and industrial policy.
Technology is the driving force for development, and industry is the vital foundation for development.
It is necessary to strengthen scientific and technological self-reliance, vigorously improve scientific and technological innovation capabilities, substantially increase investment in basic research, effectively strengthen key core technology research, and further strengthen international cooperation in the field of science and technology.
It is necessary to deepen the supply-side structural reform, focus on revitalizing and developing the real economy, advance the advanced industrial base, modernize the industrial chain, carry out special actions for the development of advanced manufacturing clusters, and increase the rate of deduction for manufacturing enterprises’ R&D expenses to 100%. Advanced manufacturing enterprises will fully refund the incremental value-added tax credits on a monthly basis, increase the proportion of manufacturing loans, implement several policies to promote the high-quality development of the integrated circuit and software industries in the new era, and continue to promote the integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries. .
Fifth, focus on demand-side management.
To build a new development pattern, we must firmly grasp the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, accelerate the cultivation of a complete domestic demand system, promote the coordinated development of domestic and external demand, and give full play to the fundamental, critical, and supportive role of consumption, investment, and exports in economic growth.
The focus here is on consumption.
To expand consumption, we must steadily expand employment and maintain a steady increase in residents' income.
At the same time, it should be noted that the national per capita consumption expenditure actually fell by 4% last year, which was lower than the actual growth rate of 2.1% of the national per capita disposable income. This was mainly due to the impact of the epidemic and the restriction of contact-aggregated consumption.
Therefore, in-depth exploration of the consumption potential, especially the work of promoting household consumption under the conditions of normalized epidemic prevention and control, and efforts to expand commodity consumption, including commodity consumption, service consumption, health consumption, information consumption, online consumption, and green consumption. .
In terms of automobiles, it is necessary to carry out the promotion of autos to the countryside and trade-in of old automobiles, and guide some places and cities to continue to liberalize the purchase restriction policy of new energy vehicles and increase indicators.
This is conducive to the expansion of automobile consumption, and is also conducive to promoting the healthy and orderly development of new energy vehicles.
In 2020, my country's new energy vehicle production has reached 1.456 million, an increase of 17.3% over the previous year.
In terms of housing, it is necessary to effectively increase the supply of affordable rental housing and shared property housing, ease the housing difficulties of new citizens and young people, and ensure the housing needs of the people.
Sixth, promote the development of green and low-carbon recycling.
Strengthening ecological and environmental protection is conducive to creating new growth points for high-quality development.
It is necessary to take the opportunity of promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality to accelerate the adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure and energy structure. In 2020, China’s installed renewable energy power generation capacity has reached 934 million kilowatts. We must further expand the scale of renewable energy installations and promote clean energy. Coordinated and orderly development of growth, consumption and energy storage, fostered a large-scale energy-saving and environmental protection industry of trillions of yuan, promoted the green transformation of key industries and important areas, achieved a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP by about 3%, and continued emission of major pollutants The goal of falling.