The construction industry accelerates the transition to green and intelligent
Looking back on 2022, which is about to pass, the construction industry has withstood the test of the epidemic and other aspects.
With the changes in the market environment, the transformation of the construction industry is imminent. The construction industry is led by technological innovation to promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry to industrialization, greenization and intelligence.
Prefabricated buildings promote production efficiency
In recent years, my country has vigorously developed the industrialization of new buildings represented by prefabricated buildings, and promoted the optimization and upgrading of "Made in China".
With the rise of a batch of independent innovative software and continuous improvement of equipment levels, a series of world-class construction projects have become a striking symbol of "Made in China". The era of construction industrialization, which is like building a house like a car, is moving towards the era of digital construction.
The industrialization of construction allows construction to move from construction sites to factories, and from construction to manufacturing.
The relevant person in charge of China Construction Technology Group told reporters that they vigorously develop the industrialization of construction and began to distribute manufacturing bases across the country a few years ago. Currently, they have 24 new industrialized manufacturing bases for construction and domestic leading intelligent production lines.
Taking China State Construction Technology Shenshan Prefabricated Building Intelligent Factory as an example, the whole factory has a total of 17 production lines, including double skin wall panels, prestressed components, prestressed laminated panels, prestressed double T panels, wall panels, fixed formwork tables, Automated production lines for steel bars, concrete, etc. can produce beams, slabs, columns, stairs, balconies and various prestressed components. The designed production capacity is 220,000 cubic meters per year, which can meet the demand for prefabricated buildings of 2 million cubic meters per year.
The steel bar binding intelligent robot has been used in the Shenshan prefabricated building intelligent factory. The steel bar binding intelligent robot can automatically identify and locate the steel mesh cage nodes. Through industrial six-axis mechanical arms, tooling fixtures, rotary tables, and integrated control systems. The automatic processing of the bay window reinforced mesh cage has been realized, the production efficiency has been increased by 4 times, and the yield rate has increased to more than 95%, realizing efficient production, safe production and high-quality production.
Prefabricated construction has promoted energy saving, emission reduction and production efficiency in the construction industry.
Taking Beijing Yizhuang Blue Collar Apartment Project as an example, the project is 32 meters high, with a construction area of 120,000 square meters and an overall assembly rate of 92%.
Since 90% of the building has been manufactured in the factory, the construction site can be free of humidity, saving 70% of water and achieving zero sewage discharge; free of welding and other processes, can save 70% of electricity; free of scaffolding, can reduce construction by 80% Garbage; building materials are detachable and recyclable, with a recycling rate of 90%.
With 6 workers on site and 1 tower crane, 4 box-type houses can be hoisted per hour.
If 4 tower cranes work at the same time, 88 box-type houses can be hoisted in one day, the hoisting accuracy can be controlled within 5 mm, and the construction speed is 60% faster than the traditional construction speed.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "List of Reproducible and Popularized Experience in the Development of Prefabricated Buildings" (the first batch). Seek new breakthroughs.
At present, more than 20 provinces across the country have introduced supporting policies and subsidy system standards related to prefabricated buildings, which will help the vigorous development of prefabricated buildings.
Industry insiders predict that in the future, 80% to 90% of Xiong'an New Area will be prefabricated buildings.
The scale of prefabricated buildings with only indemnificatory housing in Beijing has reached a very high proportion.
Prefabricated buildings will become the main construction method of the construction industry in the future, and will surely usher in new growth opportunities for the industry.
Accelerate clean and low-carbon transformation
Relevant data show that the energy consumption of the whole process of construction in my country accounts for 45% of the country's total energy consumption, and carbon emissions account for 50.6% of the country's total emissions.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the clean, low-carbon and efficient use of energy, and promote the clean and low-carbon transformation of industry, construction, transportation and other fields.
In 2022, my country's green building development will advance steadily.
Accelerating the development of green buildings is an important starting point for the clean and low-carbon transformation of the construction sector.
As of the first half of 2022, the proportion of new green buildings in my country has exceeded 90%.
The "14th Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Conservation and Green Building Development" proposes that by 2025, new urban buildings will be fully built into green buildings, building energy utilization efficiency will be steadily improved, building energy consumption structure will be gradually optimized, and building energy consumption and carbon emissions will increase. Under effective control, a green, low-carbon, and circular construction and development mode has basically been formed, laying a solid foundation for the carbon peak in the urban and rural construction field before 2030.
In September 2022, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development announced the first batch of three-star green building label projects in 2022.
According to the new version of "Green Building Evaluation Standards", my country's green building evaluation index system consists of five types of indicators: safety and durability, health and comfort, living convenience, resource conservation, and livable environment. Each type of index includes control items and scoring items, and is uniformly set bonus.
When all the control item requirements in the green building evaluation standard are met, the green building grade should be the basic grade.
When the total score reaches 60 points, 70 points, and 85 points respectively and meets the technical requirements of the corresponding star-rated green building, the green building grades are respectively one-star, two-star, and three-star.
From the announcement of the first batch of three-star green building label projects in 2022, it can be seen that for civil buildings, some key technical indicators must be examined in order to obtain a star-rated green building label, including carbon emission intensity during the building operation phase, thermal Work performance, reduction ratio of heat transfer coefficient of external windows of residential buildings in severe cold and cold regions, water efficiency level of water-saving appliances, building sound insulation performance, concentration of major indoor air pollutants, air-tightness, water-tightness, and wind pressure resistance of external windows, and full decoration Green area rate, total annual runoff control rate, renewable energy utilization rate, non-traditional water source utilization rate, and green building material application ratio.
The development of green buildings is inseparable from the creation of new technologies.
At present, the use of advanced technology to make the energy generated by buildings exceed the energy required for their own operation, and to build productive buildings is also an important direction for promoting green buildings and building energy conservation.
The "light-storage, straight-soft" building is exactly a production-oriented building.
The State Council's "Carbon Peak Action Plan Before 2030" proposes to build a "solar-storage direct-soft" building that integrates photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, DC power distribution, and flexible power consumption.
The office building of China Construction Green Industrial Park in Shenzhen-Shantou Special Cooperation Zone is a "light-storage, straight-soft" building.
This "light-storage, straight-soft" building stores the electricity generated by the rooftop solar photovoltaic power generation device and realizes flexible use. After more than one year of operation, it has saved more than 100,000 kWh of electricity, about 33.34 tons of standard coal, and reduced carbon emissions. The emission exceeds 47%, which is equivalent to planting 160,000 square meters of trees, realizing the transformation of buildings from energy consumers to producers, storage and regulators, making the building a "green power plant".
Many people in the industry believe that "light-storage, direct-soft" buildings will be a mainstream direction for the future development of green buildings and building energy conservation.
Intelligent construction helps high-quality development
At present, intelligent construction has become an inevitable trend of the development of the construction industry and an important starting point for the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry. It is the only way for the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry.
In 2022, smart construction will accelerate.
In November 2022, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will list 24 cities including Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing, and Xiong'an New Area in Hebei as pilot cities for smart construction for a period of three years.
Intelligent construction is an engineering construction method that promotes digital design, robot-led or assisted construction in the construction and construction process through the cross-integration of computer technology, network technology, mechanical and electronic technology, construction technology and management science. It is to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry and realize A leading approach to the modernization of the construction industry.
Ding Lieyun, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that intelligent construction is a new construction model formed by the integration of information technology and engineering construction.
On the basis of the digitization of engineering element resources, comprehensive empowerment is provided through standardized modeling, networked interaction, visual cognition, high-performance computing, and intelligent decision-making.
Intelligent construction realizes the integrated integration and efficient coordination of project planning, planning and design, construction production, operation and maintenance services driven by the digital chain, and delivers people-oriented, intelligent, green and sustainable engineering products and services.
Intelligent construction promotes the interconnection of the engineering construction process, the integration of online and offline, and the coordination of resources and elements, which is an important basis for realizing the high-quality development of the construction industry.
Construction is underway at the construction site of the Tongzhou Branch of Beijing Anzhen Hospital in Songzhuang Town, Tongzhou District, Beijing.
According to Xiong Zhengchao, chief engineer of Beijing Anzhen Hospital Tongzhou District Project of Beijing Urban Construction Group, medical engineering is highly specialized and demanding, with a large structure and volume, difficult organization and material management, many electromechanical specialties, and difficult pipeline arrangement.
Relying on high-standard digital construction and promoting intelligent construction, high-quality construction is ensured.
Xiong Zhengchao introduced that by building a virtual construction information model, most of the construction procedures can be simulated at the start of the project, or many unforeseen practices can be optimized through digital modeling, and construction personnel can really intervene before each process starts, abandoning traditional methods. Solve problems in the form of "seeing the tricks and dismantling them" and "crossing the river by feeling the stones".
Through digital empowerment and analog construction, the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort can be achieved.
At the same time, a digital management platform is introduced to upload various information during the construction process to the management platform in a timely manner, so that project decision makers can understand the project dynamics without leaving home, and can quickly find problems, make decisions, and allocate resources.
Xiong Zhengchao said that by using advanced technologies such as 5G, big data, AI artificial intelligence, and AR augmented reality, they have built a "5G smart construction site" comprehensive management platform, allowing mobile Internet, Internet of Things, big data, etc. to be deeply integrated with the construction site. It improves the efficiency of project management, ensures the smooth implementation of the project, reduces the cost of construction site management, and actively realizes green construction, ecological construction and smart construction.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, 24 cities have been listed as pilot cities for intelligent construction. Solve the outstanding problems in engineering construction such as extensive production methods, labor shortages, and large resource and energy consumption, and better play the important role of the construction industry in stabilizing growth and expanding domestic demand.
The development of intelligent construction is of great significance and has great potential.
By promoting the coordinated development of intelligent construction and construction industrialization, the core competitiveness of "China Construction" will continue to improve, and the high-quality development of the construction industry will also be more impressive.
(Economic Daily reporter: Kang Shu)