[Forge ahead in a new journey and make contributions to a new era and great changes]
The financial market infrastructure is the channel of finance and the road and bridge that carries the financial resources transaction operation.
The efficient operation and interconnection of financial infrastructure provides a solid basic institutional guarantee for promoting the formation of a unified, inclusive and open financial market, giving full play to the resource allocation function of the financial market, and improving the efficiency of serving the real economy.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the layout of my country's payment and settlement system has been gradually improved and optimized, reaching the international leading level; a modern payment service system has been actively created based on the network, which has opened a new chapter in the construction of the payment field; the infrastructure in the field of credit reporting and movable property financing has been continuously improved. , the construction and services of the basic database of financial credit information continue to deepen; the gold trading platform has gradually become an important multi-level, full-featured and international market; the central counterparty clearing system effectively helps prevent and resolve systemic risks, filling the gap in the professional field...
As my country's financial infrastructure becomes more and more complete, the financial system is highly flexible and resilient, laying a solid foundation and escort for serving the high-quality development of the real economy and effectively responding to external risks.
Unblock the "big artery" and provide strong support for capital flow
From banknotes, passbooks, bank cards to mobile payment, from scanning code shopping to social payment, non-inductive payment, self-service ordering, mini-program ride code... Today, payment methods have broken the limitation of "payment only", and comprehensively built people's intelligent life.
Behind these great changes in life is the strong support of my country's payment and settlement system as the "artery" of capital flow in the whole society, making "zero funds in transit" and "all-weather payment" a reality.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the construction of my country's payment and clearing system has continued to advance, and it has fully supported various payment scenarios such as large-amount fund transfers by enterprises and institutions, financial market transactions, individual retail payments by residents, and domestic foreign currency payments. , the need for inter-bank clearing of currencies and the use of multiple types of payment instruments for fund settlement, which is at the leading level among similar systems in the world.
Statistics show that in 2021, the number and amount of business transactions processed by the whole system will reach 21.855 billion and 6622.19 trillion yuan respectively. The amount processed in 2021 is equivalent to 58 times the total GDP of my country in the same period; there are more than 150,000 system participants, Covering most of the country's banking institutions, and connecting the bond market, foreign exchange market and other financial markets, it is the "aorta" and "highway" for social capital remittance in my country.
Wherever the payment needs of enterprises and the public extend, the payment and settlement system will be developed, constructed and upgraded.
In 2017, new functions such as online banking system scan code payment, SMS verification code authentication, and real-time account information inquiry were added; in 2018, the operation sequence of the large-value payment system was extended to support cross-border RMB payment covering major time zones around the world; in 2019, mobile phone number payment The business is launched, and supports fast payment through mobile phone numbers; in 2020, a convenient payment service platform integrating payment, clearing and information transmission has been built and put into operation - the national comprehensive business service platform, which provides a variety of convenient payment services 7×24 hours .
Up to now, the platform has served nearly 10,000 public welfare institutions and public institutions, and nearly 20 million urban residents, migrant workers, small and micro enterprises and other types of payment or payment users. The effectiveness of serving people's livelihood has been continuously demonstrated.
In order to improve the efficiency of RMB cross-border payment and settlement, promote the international use of RMB, and serve the "Belt and Road" initiative, the People's Bank of China has organized the construction of the RMB Cross-border Payment System (CIPS) since 2012.
As of the end of 2021, CIPS has a total of 1,259 participants, covering 103 countries and regions around the world, and its business covers 178 countries and regions around the world, basically meeting the needs of RMB cross-border payment and settlement.
Practice "pay for the people" and protect the people's "money bag"
The annual "Double Eleven" and "Spring Festival Red Envelopes" are the peaks of domestic online payment transactions, and "Double Eleven" has repeatedly set a global peak concurrent record.
On November 11, 2021, the People's Bank of China instructed Netlink and other relevant institutions to successfully complete the peak guarantee of payment and settlement business during the "Double Eleven" period. Netlink and UnionPay had a combined peak value of 96,500 transactions per second on that day.
According to the concept of "co-construction, sharing and sharing" in the online payment industry, the network platform was designed and constructed by more than 160 experts from 30 payment industry entities, which opened a new chapter in the construction and operation of my country's financial infrastructure, and has now become an international platform. The leading online payment financial infrastructure strongly demonstrates the new mode of construction in the payment field in the new era.
It is understood that the construction process of my country's Internet platform follows the principle of "independent and controllable". All core systems have been independently developed, and the first multi-point multi-active, distributed, and cloud computing architecture technology has successfully overcome high transaction concurrency, hot accounts, and massive data processing. Three major problems, currently has a peak processing capacity of 300,000 transactions per second, which provides solid support for the peak transaction guarantee work such as "Double Eleven" and "Spring Festival Red Packets".
As the financial infrastructure that carries the national network payment transfer and clearing, the Netlink platform connects nearly 4,000 banks and payment institutions, with a single-day business volume of more than 2 billion transactions and more than 1 trillion yuan, quickly becoming the world's largest retail payment clearing It has become a vivid epitome of the comprehensive deepening of reform in my country's payment field.
After the establishment of the network connection platform, it provides payment institutions with safe and efficient inter-agency transaction clearing services, and supports the People's Bank of China to complete the centralized deposit of the full amount of the payment institution's reserves to the central bank account, and the security of the payment institution's funds is fully guaranteed.
Focusing on the development concept of "payment for the people", the network platform effectively monitors the risks of reserve funds, cross-border gambling, telecom fraud and other violations of laws and regulations, and spares no effort to protect the safety of the people's "money bags".
By exporting unified standards, products and services to the industry, the average transaction time of online payment has been reduced from 600 milliseconds to 200 milliseconds, and the time it took for users to withdraw and arrive at accounts that originally took 2 hours has been greatly shortened. Enjoy a safer and more convenient payment experience.
Adhering to the "last mile" of online payment, the network connection platform has accumulated access to more than 3,300 rural financial institutions, covering all counties in China, and ordinary people can easily handle online payment services through banks at their doorsteps and enjoy the dividends of Internet technology.
Benchmarking advanced and promote the high-quality development of the financial industry
In recent years, Jinxing Village, Shuibei Town, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province has vigorously developed the camellia oleifera industry. Fushun, a villager of Jinxing Village who is working abroad, has joined the tide of returning to his hometown to start a business.
With good credit and stable operating conditions, Fushun became the first batch of 5A-level credit users of Postal Savings Bank Xinyu Branch.
"As long as I provide an ID card, the bank staff will collect information on the spot, and the big data will automatically assess my credit rating, and I can also see how much I can borrow with my credit, which is very convenient." Fu Shun said with a smile.
Since 2012, the construction of the national financial credit information basic database has been continuously deepened, the service capability, operation efficiency and security performance have been continuously improved, and the number of natural persons, enterprises and other organizations has been steadily increased, and the full coverage of credit record information subjects has been achieved.
Credit reporting products and services such as corporate and personal credit reports, related inquiries, and important information reminders have been continuously enriched, and have played an important role in helping individuals and companies with good credit to obtain financing opportunities, preventing financial risks, promoting the development of the credit market, and optimizing the business environment. important role.
Small and medium-sized enterprises wanting to raise funds were once suffering from nowhere to query information such as production equipment mortgages, accounts receivable pledges, movable property and rights guarantees.
Since 2012, the People's Bank of China has continuously expanded the scope of movable property financing registration services, and has formed more than 10 guarantee registration services such as accounts receivable pledge and transfer, financial leasing, warehouse receipt pledge, etc., laying the foundation for the country to establish a unified registration system for movable property and rights guarantees. foundation.
The unified registration service has effectively promoted the incremental expansion of movable properties and rights collateral, and improved the availability of financing for small, medium and micro enterprises.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country's gold market infrastructure has embarked on a road of high-quality development.
In the past ten years, the Shanghai Gold Exchange (hereinafter referred to as the "Shanghai Gold Exchange") has gradually become an important financial infrastructure with multi-level and increasingly complete functions from a single-variety, small-volume gold trading platform. The scale is increasing.
The market transaction value increased from 3.53 trillion yuan to 20.53 trillion yuan, an increase of nearly 6 times, of which the international board transaction value increased from more than 45 billion yuan in 2014 to 3.07 trillion yuan, an increase of 68 times; 6350.20 tons increased to 34,800 tons, an increase of 5 times.
In the past 10 years, SFG has deployed 71 warehouses in 37 urban areas across the country, and built a complete and efficient delivery warehousing system.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, SHCH has established an effective risk management mechanism, orderly risk preparation resources, and accurate risk measurement methods against the highest and most stringent international standards, and has become the first qualified central bank in China to be recognized by the financial regulatory authorities. opponent.
In 2021, the Shanghai Clearing House will launch the commodity spot clearing business, which solves the long-standing pain points of physical enterprises such as inconvenience in offline delivery and lack of security. play a key role in.
With high-quality risk management practices, SHCH won the 4th China Quality Award, the highest honor in the field of national quality management, and achieved zero breakthroughs in the financial industry.
(Reporter Wen Yuan of this newspaper)