Behind the health code transcoding, who has the power to give you the red code

　　Popular science post: behind the health code transcoding, who has the power to give you the red code

　　The small health code on the mobile phone screen is now closely connected with everyone's daily life.

　　Health codes are mainly divided into red codes, yellow codes and green codes.

If a red code is assigned, residents' daily travel will be restricted, and they generally need to be isolated in a centralized manner.

　　China Business News reported on the 14th that the health codes of some rural bank depositors in Henan suddenly turned red because they scanned a place code with the address "Southwest Exit of Zhengzhou Station".

However, the "non-customer" personnel (including family members) accompanying them still show a green code after scanning the code.

　　As a technical aid, the health code provides an important guarantee for epidemic prevention and control.

What technologies are involved behind the health code conversion?

Which departments are empowered?

　　The first financial reporter learned that in general, the development of health codes is led by local governments, and enterprises provide technical support.

The data department is only the last link of transcoding execution, and the transcoding authority is still in the administrative department.

At the same time, the administrative department has the authority to retrieve data and modify it. For example, when there is an error in the code assignment, personal information can be provided for manual verification and modification.

Who is responsible for health code transcoding?

　　In February 2020, Shenzhen became the first city in the country to launch the Tencent Health Code. Subsequently, more than 100 cities including Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou, and Wuhan have gradually implemented the Health Code.

　　The leader of the technical team of the health code, Ma Lizhuang, a distinguished professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University and deputy dean of the Institute of Artificial Intelligence, said in an interview with a reporter from China Business News on the 14th that the health code first includes identity verification, and remote light is generally used at this time. The live detection technology is used for identification, and the face information is quickly calculated and compared in the background to complete the remote verification, so as to ensure the authenticity of the user's identity and prevent fraud.

The health code can also be accompanied by nucleic acid information, location information, etc. For example, the location code is a combination of the health code and the communication location information.

　　Ma Lizhuang told reporters that although they are system developers and executives, they are not authorized to transcode. "Transcoding work such as red code, yellow code, and green code is managed by the administrative department. In addition, user identification is included. The privacy of the face information used will not be retained in this system."

　　In order to realize the exchange and mutual recognition of health code information in various places, my country relies on the national integrated government service platform to realize the sharing of epidemic prevention and health information among provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities).

　　The Yicai reporter logged in to the national integrated government service platform epidemic prevention and health information code applet. The page shows that the information code service is provided by the national government service platform, and the relevant data is provided by health, industry and information, transportation, customs, immigration management, Provided in civil aviation, railway, etc.

　　After real-name authentication, users can view their own information tips about epidemic prevention and health, and with their authorization, they can also provide them to relevant parties to use the mobile terminal (mini program, APP) of the national government service platform to scan and check.

　　The sharing of information and data from these departments provides the possibility for the exchange of national health codes.

　　Lin Yu, a citizen who entered Shenzhen from Hong Kong last year, had the experience of being assigned a red code in another place.

　　"At that time, I returned to Shenzhen from Hong Kong and started to isolate, and the next day I received a message from Hangzhou, which listed me as a red code and told me to stop activities on the spot. After calling Hangzhou 12345, they explained that it was because I went to Hangzhou in 2020. I applied for a local health code, so when I entered the country, they received a push of customs information, and the system automatically turned my health code red. Since the health codes of various provinces are interoperable, the health code in Guangdong is also displayed as red.” Lin Yu Say.

In addition to the push of this machine algorithm, humans can also interfere with the health code information.

　　An information technology expert told reporters that technical teams and enterprises do not have the power to transcode, but the administrative department has the right to retrieve data and modify them.

　　A relevant person in charge of the local big data department told reporters that the current transcoding of patients who have been cured of the new crown is based on the list provided by the health and disease control departments.

If they did not receive the hospital discharge list from Weijian, these relevant personnel would not be able to turn the red code to green in time.

　　The above-mentioned experts in the field of information technology also said that

, because the colleagues who scanned the codes with them still had green codes.

Can't "code on top"

　　The Comprehensive Team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council issued the "Interim Measures for the Management and Services of Health Codes for the Prevention and Control of the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures") in January 2021.

The measures have clearly required that all localities must strictly locate the function of health codes, not expand the scope of application, and effectively prevent "adding codes on the code".

　　Article 24 of the Measures clarifies that the protection of personal privacy shall be strengthened, and personal information collected for epidemic prevention and control and disease prevention and control shall not be used for other purposes.

Article 29 makes it clear that any organization or individual who discovers illegal and illegal collection, use, and disclosure of personal information can promptly report it to the Internet Information and Public Security Departments.

Relevant departments should promptly deal with violations of laws and regulations in accordance with the "Internet Security Law of the People's Republic of China" and relevant regulations, and public security organs involved in crimes should crack down on them in accordance with the law.

　　Localities have also formulated detailed rules for the assignment of health codes.

　　The announcement of the implementation of "scan code access" epidemic prevention and control measures issued by Shanghai on May 23 shows that in accordance with the principle of "minimum enough", personal information collected using "site code" and "digital sentinel" will only be used for epidemic prevention and control purposes. Epidemiological investigation during the control period shall not be used by any unit or individual for other purposes.

　　Liu Yingfeng, deputy director of the Shanghai Big Data Center, once introduced that the red codes are assigned to the following five categories of people: first, those who were initially screened positive and those who were mixed with positive results; second, confirmed cases, asymptomatic infections, and suspected cases; and third, close contacts The fourth is the entry personnel (excluding the entry from Macau); the fifth is the personnel coming to Shanghai from high-risk areas.

　　Feng Tiejian, deputy director of the Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, once stated at a press conference that the key populations for epidemic prevention and control (including confirmed cases or asymptomatic infections, suspected cases, close contacts and sub-close contacts, quarantine personnel, and those in the prevention and control areas are not included). Key personnel doing nucleic acid testing, etc.), the data interface provided by the national integrated government service platform, health and health, CDC and other departments will be queried in real time, and the red code and yellow code of the Yuekang code will be formed after calculation according to the judgment rules.

　　Those who have been assigned a red code should immediately arrange for transfer to an isolation hotel or be isolated at home for 14 days, complete the required isolation and quarantine, and turn into a green code after excluding the infection of the new coronavirus.

Those who have been assigned a yellow code have to complete two nucleic acid tests in three days, with an interval of more than 24 hours between the two tests. After the results are negative, the yellow code will automatically change to a green code.

　　The "Interim Measures for the Management and Service of Guangxi Health Code" proposes that different colors are assigned to the Guangxi health code according to different epidemic prevention and control risks, namely: red health code (hereinafter referred to as red code) for high risk status, yellow health code for medium risk status (hereinafter referred to as the yellow code), low-risk status is assigned a green health code (hereinafter referred to as the green code), and the color can be increased or decreased under special circumstances.

Guangxi Health Code implements dynamic management. When the risk of epidemic prevention and control changes, the personnel risk status and health code information are adjusted in time according to the latest "Guangxi Health Code Determination and Transcoding Rules".

　　The notice of the Zhejiang Provincial Leading Group Office for the Prevention and Control of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic on Further Improvement of the "Health Code" Management Service Mechanism proposes to assign red codes to the following high-risk persons: confirmed cases, suspected cases, and asymptomatic infections, which are being implemented Personnel under medical observation in isolation (including close contacts, inbound personnel, and personnel from domestic medium and high-risk areas), patients with unexplained fever, and other personnel who must be included in the red code management; yellow codes are assigned to the following medium-risk persons: self-reported fever, Persons with shortness of breath and respiratory symptoms, those who are implementing home health observation, and others who must be included in the yellow code management.

　　Zheng Lei, a professor at the School of International Relations and Public Affairs of Fudan University and director of the Digital and Mobile Governance Laboratory, said in an interview with the First Financial Reporter that a key data of the health code is an individual's location data, which is also a person's private data.

During the epidemic, the