Just over a month away from graduation, and the Spring Recruitment is coming to an end, Huang Qian marked out another employment option on her 64K account book - "The application for the introduction of talents for career establishment in a district in Qingdao, Shandong, failed."
Huang Qian is a graduate of a first-class university in Wuhan, majoring in English, and this handbook was specially prepared by her since the beginning of her senior year to record her studies and job-hunting experiences in the next year.
"Postgraduate entrance examination, failed; students were selected, but not hired; a teacher in a junior high school in Wuhan was recruited, but not hired; Hubei provincial test, postponed..." Seeing the graduation destinations that were written down and crossed out, Huang Qian couldn't help but fall into hesitation .
Huang Qian's experience is not an exception.
According to statistics from the Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates in 2022 will "break through 10 million for the first time" and is expected to reach 10.76 million, an increase of 1.67 million year-on-year.
In the face of the employment exam, in order to find more opportunities for graduates, this year, from the central government to the local government, from the education sector to the human resources and social sector, from universities to enterprises and institutions, a number of "employment protection" measures have been implemented. Enterprises and institutions are expanding enrollment, and related work will continue and be extended.
However, as the graduation season is approaching, combined with the continuous impact of the new crown epidemic and the downward pressure on the economy, "where to go" is still an unknown solution in the minds of many college graduates.
Change of destination: postgraduate entrance examination, examination and editing and Dachang
Huang Qian told Yicai that in the second half of last year, when the counselor first counted the employment whereabouts of their class, 100% of the more than 20 students in the class chose to take the postgraduate entrance examination.
"Although the counselor was surprised, he did not persuade us to choose a career." Huang Qian explained that in recent years, the entry threshold for middle school teachers in first- and second-tier cities has generally risen to a master's degree or above; Undergraduate students have the opportunity to sign up, but among the resumes of overseas study backgrounds, masters and even doctoral students, undergraduates are easy to be buried.
According to the relevant research reports of Max, as of 2020, the "education industry" is one of the industries that attracts the largest number of college graduates. It was 17.0%.
Compared with the teacher establishment, in previous years, education and training institutions have more demand for undergraduates graduating from British colleges, and there is a large room for standard fluctuations, which is the main place for Huang Qian.
A college English department counselor told Yicai that whether it was recruited last autumn or this spring, the number of places and employee salaries put on the market by education and training institutions have dropped sharply, while a large number of teachers with teaching experience and achievements have been recruited. Pei teachers continue to flow into the job market, and they also consume part of the employment demand in the short-term education market. It is difficult for British students who graduated this year to find employment.
"But very few of them succeeded in the postgraduate entrance examination." Huang Qian said that less than 30% of their class succeeded in the postgraduate entrance examination this year, including students from other majors such as cross-examination education and business administration.
According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education, the number of applicants for the National Postgraduate Admissions Examination in 2022 will be 4.57 million, an increase of 850,000 over the previous year, or a growth rate of 23%.
According to the "23 Postgraduate Enrollment Annual Report" released by New Oriental in April, the total number of graduate students enrolled in 2022 is expected to reach about 1.2 million, and the admission rate is expected to be 26.3%.
In other words, it is estimated that 3.37 million people will fail the postgraduate entrance examination this year.
Because the postgraduate entrance examination is similar to the national examination and autumn recruitment, and Hubei Province originally scheduled the provincial examination time in March, that is, the month when the postgraduate entrance examination results were announced, Huang Qian suddenly missed many good opportunities to prepare for the examination and find a job.
There are also graduates in architecture, management, computer and other majors who also feel that there are fewer ways out.
Gao Xin is a fresh undergraduate student majoring in computer science. His university has been included in the list of "Provincial First-Class Undergraduate Major Construction Sites in Guangdong Province in 2021".
However, he also missed the autumn recruitment because he was preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination. He found that when recruiting in the spring this year, the recruitment information of some software development positions in "big factories" disappeared in the application software such as "Maimai".
"Obviously when we recruited in the fall last year, there was quite a large gap for such positions."
Another graduate of a 985 college with a master's degree in business administration, Yang Lu, participated in several rounds of recruitment for management trainees in the strategy and product department of the "big factory" during the graduation season this year.
She found that most of those who entered the interview session with her were masters and even doctoral students from well-known universities at home and abroad, such as Tsinghua University, Peking University, and Hong Kong University.
"In the end, I gave up an opportunity to manage a trainee from a large factory in Beijing." Yang Lu did not hesitate in her tone when interviewed by Yicai.com.
She said that she had recently heard news of layoffs in many large factories, especially non-technical positions in large factories.
Unlike Yang Lu's choice, Gao Wen, a graduate student who graduated from the School of Architecture at Tsinghua University this year, finally signed a contract with an Internet company.
"The person who was hired is the product post." Gao Wen told China Business News that in the same department, like her, there are not many people who make such inter-professional choices.
"In previous years, real estate companies were a popular choice for our majors, and entry was a high-paying reservation. But this year, the job postings in the industry have decreased, and the expectations of graduates have also changed. In contrast, Internet companies can still maintain a relatively stable Wages."
The "2022 College Graduate Employment Data Report" recently released by the Liepin Big Data Research Institute also shows that in the past three years, although the employment opportunities provided by the Internet industry have declined, it is still the industry that continues to release the most employment opportunities; According to the survey on the employment preferences of graduates from key colleges and universities (985/211), the Internet industry is also the industry with the largest proportion of graduates in the past three years, and the real estate, finance and other fields are less attractive to high-quality graduates.
The dispute over the "single-plank bridge" within the system
Even though the recruitment of civil servants in Hubei Province was postponed, Huang Qian decided to give up the preparation for the exam.
The School of Foreign Languages where Huang Qian is located has a total of about 90 graduates this year, and in the college's "2022 Graduate (Undergraduate) Intentional Statistical List", more than 30 people chose to take the public exam or take the exam.
Among the groups who took the postgraduate entrance examination in World War II, nearly half said that they would prepare for the public examination or the examination at the same time.
"The pressure of competition is too great." She said, for example, in Wuhan, if it is an exam editor, this year even a career editor recruited by a marriage registration office of a civil affairs bureau in Wuchang District has a record-to-report ratio of 400:1, while a public junior high school The number of applicants for English teacher positions often exceeds 300 to 400.
After careful consideration, Huang Qian finally gave up taking the public exam or exam editor in Wuhan.
Then, she set her sights on a talent introduction plan somewhere in Shandong.
"First, I went through the talent introduction channel, no need for a written test, only an interview, which saved me the effort to continue looking for plan B; second, the talent introduction plan in this district has a lot of openings, and the key colleges and universities that graduate within two years are based, Full-time masters and doctoral students can apply." Huang Qian said.
But also because of this, in this city with "common salaries for civil servants", the talent introduction plan still attracts many graduates from key universities inside and outside the province.
Huang Qian recalled that she recruited 30 people for the "general management position" with the lowest professional threshold and the only qualification she could apply for, but the number of applicants for this position exceeded 4,000.
"Just by screening out the postgraduate students who have returned to Qingbei, the scale exceeds the number of recruits."
As expected, the news of Huang Qian's application for the exam finally fell into disrepair.
However, Huang Qian did not plan to go back to her hometown.
"My hometown is in Hegang, Heilongjiang. There are no high-quality enterprises there, and the wages for entering the system are not high."
Different from Huang Qian's choice, the reporter found in interviews that more graduates studying in first- and second-tier cities and preparing to enter the civil service system choose to return to their hometowns for employment, and various tier cities often provide preferential treatment for returning graduates.
Li Ruicong is an undergraduate graduate from a certain eastern city. After graduation, he plans to return to his hometown in Guangxi, and his path to return to his hometown for employment is to join the local "three branches and one support" plan.
The so-called "three branches and one support" means that college graduates go to the grassroots to support agriculture, medicine, education and rural revitalization, and the service period is generally two years.
After the expiration of the term, service personnel can enjoy various preferential policies of the central and autonomous regions related to the employment and entrepreneurship of fresh graduates from colleges and universities, and the recruitment of civil servants and institutions by the "Service Certificate".
"On the one hand, the employment situation is not good this year, and I have not yet formed a clear career plan; on the other hand, this grass-roots service position for graduates will not only allow me to achieve self-sufficiency in life, but also add another job to my job search in the future. Advantages. Overall, I am satisfied with this job." Li Ruicong said.
"Make good use of the grass-roots employment space." On May 13, at the video symposium on the employment of college graduates in 2022, the Minister of Education, Huai Jinpeng, once again emphasized that it is necessary to press ahead and make full use of various policy positions.
However, in the face of more substantial grassroots positions, the competition in the relevant employment market has become increasingly fierce.
Among them, this is especially true for the selection of candidates with higher recruitment thresholds and better development prospects.
A grassroots staff member in Jingzhou, Hubei told Yicai that since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, the city has released more places for selection and transfer in the past two years than before, but the competition for jobs has continued unabated.
For the graduates who have graduated from colleges and universities in the province and have plans to stay in Hubei, the selection of students is undoubtedly a position with "development prospects and room for promotion".
As the selection and admissions continued to expand, the grassroots staff raised hidden concerns.
"Two days ago, the leaders of our Human Resources and Social Security Department also mentioned at a meeting that these two years are the golden period for examination and editing. When the Wuhan epidemic broke out, there were two consecutive rounds of recruiting students. This year, due to the economic situation, for the sake of Solve the problem of social employment, and then expand it. Now, the establishment in the system has been taken all, and the family has been hollowed out. In the next few years, the number of establishments may be significantly reduced. "
College teacher: "Worrying more than students"
"Companies are not in a hurry, graduates are not in a hurry, but teachers are in a hurry."
Zhou He is the director of the employment guidance center of a medical university in Anhui. He told Yicai that compared with other industries, the overall employment situation of the medical profession is relatively stable this year. The employment rate of undergraduates in the school is expected to be around 48%. "Slow employment" tendency.
"Slow employment means that students have poor employment initiative." Zhou He explained that after five years of undergraduate study, medical college students have relatively high employment expectations. In addition, the market demand for medical majors has been large in the past two years, and some students will have to wait. A sell-at-the-price mentality.
In addition, under the influence of the epidemic, the number of enterprises and hospitals in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other cities came to Anhui for offline recruitment.
In order to open up more market-oriented employment opportunities for graduates, as early as March 9, the Ministry of Education issued the "Notice on Carrying out the National Special Action for College Secretaries and Principals to Visit Enterprises to Expand Jobs and Promote Employment". The special action aims to encourage Colleges and universities should strengthen information exchanges with enterprises, and do a good job in "going out", "inviting in" and "promoting docking".
Compared with these positions "visited" by the school, Zhou He said that the school has a higher possibility of reaching a two-way employment agreement by building a cloud recruitment platform to allow enterprises and graduates to make independent choices.
"But this is only a compromise, and many senior companies in the industry are still not convinced by this recruitment method. Therefore, in terms of medicine this year, many well-known companies recruit graduates in the province on a larger scale and more frequently. " Zhou He said.
In another week, the school's electronic school leaving system will officially open.
Seeing that the graduation day with the red circle on the title page of the handbook is approaching, Huang Qian's mentality of looking for a job has changed from initial anxiety to Buddhism.
"It doesn't mean that there are no job opportunities. I have at least one offer for a management position in a construction state-owned enterprise, but because I need to go to the project site in Foshan for two years, it may not be suitable for girls." Huang Qian said, For more than half a month after that, if she didn't receive a more suitable offer, she could only bite the bullet and go to work.
As for whether to take the postgraduate entrance examination for World War II in the coming year, or to change a job, Huang Qian said that she is not sure.
(At the request of the interviewee, Huang Qian, Gao Xin, Yang Lu, Gao Wen, Li Ruicong and Zhou He are pseudonyms in the text)
Author: Wu Simin