(Economic Observation) To build a unified national market, five cognitive misunderstandings must be clarified
China News Agency, Beijing, May 18th: To build a unified national market, five cognitive misunderstandings must be clarified
China News Agency reporter Pang Wuji
More than a month after the publication of the "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Market", discussions among various parties have continued to heat up, including some misunderstandings and misunderstandings.
How to correctly understand the construction of a unified national market?
In an interview with a reporter from China News Agency, many experts said that five cognitive misunderstandings must be clarified.
First, building a national unified market is by no means "planned economy 2.0".
Dong Yu, executive vice president of the China Development Planning Institute of Tsinghua University, pointed out that some people use the word "unification" as an article, thinking that "unification" is naturally equated with "planning", but they ignore the construction of a unified market itself. It is the process of promoting marketization and improving the market economic system.
Dong Yu said that the most important content in the document is the "four unifications", that is, the unification and improvement of the four aspects of property rights protection, fair competition, market access and social credit.
None of them are the cornerstones of a market economy.
Lu Ming, Distinguished Professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University Antai School of Economics and Management, also pointed out that to build a unified national market, a unified commodity and service market should be formed in the country, smooth the cross-regional allocation of production factors, and at the same time unify local supervision, standards, industry access, etc. system.
In this process, the market should play a decisive role in allocating resources, and the government will only play a role in some necessary aspects, such as unifying some market rules. This is obviously not a planned economy.
Second, building a unified national market does not mean engaging in a "self-enclosed internal circulation".
Lu Ming said that in fact, unifying the big market is more conducive to external circulation.
Taking the development of an export-oriented economy in coastal areas as an example, the construction of a unified market will improve the production efficiency of export products, thereby enhancing their competitiveness.
For example, if a car is produced in a coastal area and the domestic circulation is smoothed, the transportation and institutional consumption in the industrial chain will be greatly reduced.
It should be noted that the official deployment of "dual loops" has always been that the two loops promote each other.
Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, believes that a big country should develop based on its own market, needs and factors, and cannot rely on others.
And the smooth internal circulation can also drive imports, create orders for the world, and create demand. This is what a responsible big country should do.
Third, the unification of the big market does not contradict the major regional strategies.
Lu Ming believes that in a big country like China, different regions form different characteristics, and at the same time, urban agglomerations and metropolitan circles are formed in some places, which is precisely the result of the integration of the domestic market.
The development of regional economy cannot be understood as each region is independent of each other.
The allocation of each resource such as people, land, technology, capital, data, etc. should be carried out on a national scale, and the maximum return should be obtained in each local and suitable industry. The division of labor between regions should also be based on this unity. The pattern of the big market.
Dong Yu also pointed out that "unification" does not mean excluding development according to local conditions.
Unifying the big market only sets some basic rules for localities. On this basis, each locality can develop according to local conditions.
Liu Ruiming, a professor at the National Institute of Development and Strategy of Renmin University of China, also said that to build a unified national market, all regions should be allowed to give full play to their comparative advantages and carry out differentiated competition. On this basis, a unified national market is gradually formed.
Fourth, the cancellation of local preferential policies in the unified large market will affect the development of underdeveloped areas?
Bai Ming, deputy director of the Market Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce Research Institute, said that the unified market should be built on the sharing of opportunities, benefits and political achievements.
Opportunity sharing means that developed regions can bring some employment opportunities to less developed regions, or provide counterpart support.
Benefit sharing refers to allowing other places to share the benefits through equity participation.
Sharing of political achievements, including exchanges between officials, going to work in other provinces and cities, etc.
Lu Ming explained that according to the traditional growth method, each region firstly "divided the cake" and competed with each other for preferential policies and land indicators.
In some respects, over the years, China's large unified market has not developed to a high degree, making it impossible for the country to give full play to its advantages as a great power in some aspects.
Therefore, the first thing that should be advocated among different regions is not the consistency of the total amount, but the balance of the per capita level, and try to make the population share of each place consistent with the economic share.
Fifth, will the unified market squeeze the private economy?
Dong Yu pointed out that if this document will have an impact on the private economy, it must be a good thing, because it is a market-oriented reform document, and he hopes to cultivate a market that can compete more fairly and provide better development space. environment.
For example, promoting the circulation of factors is to optimize the allocation of resources; the construction of some trading markets is to create business opportunities for the private economy.
The elimination of some local barriers is also providing better conditions for companies to expand their business layout.
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