How to solve the "growing pains" of new energy vehicles
【expert interview】
Since the beginning of this year, new energy vehicles have shown a rapid growth trend.
However, there are still some "growing pains" in the development of new energy vehicles.
What "shortcomings" need to be filled?
How to stabilize the development situation?
In this regard, the reporter interviewed Zhang Jinhua, executive vice chairman and secretary general of the Chinese Society of Automotive Engineers.
Reporter: The automobile production industry chain is long and highly correlated, which can easily lead to chain effects. At present, what are the "shortcomings" in the new energy vehicle industry chain?
Zhang Jinhua:
The automobile industry has a long chain and strong driving force, which is an important foundation for the automobile industry as a pillar industry of the national economy.
However, due to the still weak domestic industrial base, my country's auto industry still faces many "shortcomings".
In the process of transformation and upgrading, the shortcomings of the new energy vehicle industry chain include the following aspects: In terms of key systems, high-speed air compressors for fuel cells, hydrogen circulation pumps, etc. have long been monopolized by foreign companies such as the United States, Japan and Germany.
In terms of key materials, high-end basic materials such as high-end GCr15 steel and high-performance rubber still mainly rely on imports.
In terms of high-precision sensors, high-precision sensors such as in-vehicle cameras, millimeter-wave radars, and lidars involved in autonomous driving are monopolized by foreign companies.
In terms of chips, more than 90% of my country's chips rely on imports, and some chip basic IP and high-end chip manufacturing processes mainly rely on foreign authorization.
In terms of vehicle operating system, the technical system of vehicle control operating system is mainly dominated by some foreign companies and forms standards, and there is a phenomenon of "stuck neck".
In terms of development tool chain, automotive development tools are basically provided by the United States, Japan and Europe, with a market share of more than 95%.
Reporter: Recently, the price of power batteries has risen and the supply is insufficient, which has an impact on the development of new energy vehicles. How to alleviate the battery supply problem?
Zhang Jinhua: The
recent sharp rise in the price of raw materials for power batteries has caused a great impact on the new energy vehicle industry chain, and due to the large price increase, it has been transferred from the battery companies to the final consumer price of the vehicle, which has caused widespread concern and widespread concern in the industry. worry.
In order to alleviate the problem of battery supply, maintain the first-mover advantage of my country's power battery and new energy vehicle industry, speed up industrial transformation and upgrading, and achieve high-quality development, it is recommended to study and establish a market adjustment mechanism for key raw materials as soon as possible.
Include key raw materials for power batteries into the national strategic resource reserve, encourage enterprises to increase investment and mergers and acquisitions of key resources, and increase exploration and development efforts in areas rich in lithium resources.
At the same time, research and establish a monitoring and analysis mechanism for key raw material prices to strengthen market supply regulation.
The second is to strengthen the battery raw material market and financial supervision, and increase the investigation and punishment of violations of laws and regulations.
Strengthen the supervision of the power battery raw material market, and persuade and warn companies that operate illegally and hoard them through interviews, research, and notifications; at the same time, strengthen financial supervision, crack down on price gouging, malicious capital speculation, and other behaviors, and promote the return of the market normal order.
The third is to strengthen the efficient circulation of power batteries, and do a good job in the localized recycling of raw material resources.
Accelerate the construction of a power battery recycling system, encourage enterprises to carry out power battery recycling technology innovation and demonstration applications, and ensure the localized utilization of recycled resources.
Reporter: In recent years, many people in the industry have expressed concerns about the overcapacity of new energy vehicles. In your opinion, how to promote the rational allocation of production capacity?
Zhang Jinhua:
In the past ten years, the new energy vehicle industry has attracted a number of new power companies to enter, stimulated the vitality of the new energy vehicle market, promoted the overall innovation capability of China's new energy vehicle industry, and accelerated the industrialization of China's new energy vehicles. process.
However, in the process of industrialization construction, some enterprises have also appeared blindly optimistic about the market, exaggerated planned production capacity, actual sales were lower than expected, and a few enterprises could not even operate normally, causing some industry experts to worry about the problem of overcapacity.
But in general, my country's high-end advantageous production capacity of new energy vehicles is still in short supply, and there is a certain excess of low-end production capacity.
In order to further optimize the industrial layout and maintain the high-quality development of the industry, on the one hand, it is necessary to vigorously promote the merger and reorganization of advantageous enterprises; Efficient industrial structure.
At the same time, it is necessary to encourage key areas to develop new energy vehicles by relying on existing production capacity to ensure that project construction is standardized and orderly.
OEMs should continue to develop by relying on existing production bases, and no new production capacity will be deployed until the existing bases reach a reasonable scale.
my country's new energy vehicle industry has formed a certain first-mover advantage on a global scale. In the period of accelerated marketization of new energy vehicles, ensuring the safe operation of the new energy vehicle industry and eliminating major safety accidents are still the primary task of the current industry development. It is necessary to continuously raise awareness, attach great importance to safety technology innovation, and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the industry.
Reporter: How will new energy vehicles play a role in supporting the "dual carbon" goal?
Zhang Jinhua:
Carbon emission reduction in the transportation sector is of great significance to the realization of the "dual carbon" goal. The development of new energy vehicles has become a concerted action of the global auto industry.
While driving the electrification of technical power, low-carbon energy, and intelligent system transformation in the automotive field, new energy vehicles also promote the full electrification of the transportation field, promote the integration of the transportation and energy industries, and achieve integrated development.
New energy vehicles will help the green and low-carbon development of my country's auto industry, accelerate the advancement of cross-border integration technology, accelerate the construction of my country's hydrogen energy system, and reshape the new industrial ecology.
(Reporter Yao Yaqi of this newspaper)
data
From January to March this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles reached 1.293 million and 1.257 million respectively, a year-on-year increase of 1.4 times, with a market share of 19.3%.
The number of new energy vehicles in the country reached 8.915 million, accounting for 2.90% of the total number of vehicles.
Among them, the number of pure electric vehicles is 7.245 million, accounting for 81.27% of the total number of new energy vehicles.
In the first quarter of this year, 1.11 million new energy vehicles were newly registered, accounting for 16.91% of the total number of newly registered vehicles, an increase of 644,000 vehicles or 138.20% year-on-year, showing a rapid growth trend.
(Organized by Yao Yaqi)