Building a unified national market is the basic support and inherent requirement for building a new development pattern.
The "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of a Large National Market" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") recently released clearly put forward "speeding up the construction of a large national market with high efficiency, standardization, fair competition, and full opening", and it is necessary for a larger scale, Important arrangements have been made to build a unified national market in a deeper level, and provide an action plan and work guide for the next step to comprehensively promote the transformation of my country's market from large to strong and build a new development pattern.
Raise awareness and enhance the sense of urgency in building a unified national market
At present, the world has undergone great changes unseen in a century and is accelerating its evolution. It is necessary to understand and promote the construction of a unified national market from an overall and strategic perspective.
The key to building a new development pattern is the unimpeded economic cycle. It is necessary to make full use of the advantages of the super-large market, smooth the domestic circulation, form a strong attraction to global factor resources, and improve the efficiency and level of the domestic circulation with the international circulation.
Accelerating the construction of a unified national market, breaking various closed small markets and self-loops, is conducive to promoting the efficient and smooth development of the domestic market and the expansion of scale, forming a large domestic loop with mutual promotion of supply and demand, simultaneous production and sales, and smooth and efficient use of the global market. factors and market resources, and cultivate new advantages in participating in international competition and cooperation.
In the new stage of development, to build a high-level socialist market economic system that is compatible with building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, we must continue to make breakthroughs and innovations in the key and fundamental reforms of the economic system.
Accelerate the construction of a unified national market, and remove the institutional and institutional obstacles that hinder the market-oriented allocation of various production factors and the circulation of goods and services. Horizontal socialist market economic system.
As my country's economy shifts to a stage of high-quality development, innovation has become the primary driving force for development.
This requires the promotion of effective markets and a better combination of promising governments to provide a broader market space and a more regulated market environment for various innovation activities.
Accelerating the construction of a large national unified market, strengthening the basic position of competition policy, and improving policy uniformity, rule consistency, and implementation coordination are conducive to stimulating innovation, optimizing labor division, and promoting competition through a unified large market, and enabling the orderly flow and rational allocation of innovation elements. .
Make breakthroughs at the same time, and speed up the construction of a unified large market system across the country
In the more than 40 years of reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, great progress has been made in the construction of a unified market in my country, especially important infrastructure and other "hardware" have been continuously improved.
This "Opinion" focuses more on high-standard connectivity of facilities, and proposes to build a modern distribution network, improve market information exchange channels, and promote the optimization and upgrading of trading platforms.
In contrast, my country's unified market construction has shortcomings and deficiencies in terms of "software" such as institutional rules and regulations, and does not meet the requirements of building a new development pattern.
To this end, the "Opinions" focus on system construction, insist on both standing and breaking down, and deploy a series of key tasks on establishing and improving systems and mechanisms and opening up system blockages.
In terms of "establishment", the "Opinions" clearly pointed out "strengthening the unification of basic market systems and rules", proposed to improve a unified property rights protection system, and improve a unified and standardized law enforcement and judicial system for disputes involving property rights; implement a unified market access system, strictly Implement the "one national list" management model, formulate a national generic list of qualifications, standardize evaluation procedures and management methods, and improve the effectiveness of national interoperability, mutual recognition and mutual use.
The "Opinions" also emphasizes "promoting fairness and unification of market supervision", proposes to improve and unify market supervision rules, enhance the stability and predictability of market supervision systems and policies, and promote online and offline integrated supervision; strengthen unified market supervision and law enforcement, and promote maintenance Unify the building of comprehensive law enforcement capabilities in the market, explore the establishment of authorized and entrusted supervision and law enforcement methods in relevant industries and fields, and encourage cross-administrative regions to jointly issue unified supervision policies, regulations, and standards in accordance with regulations.
In terms of "breaking", the "Opinions" highlighted "further regulating improper market competition and market intervention", and proposed to strengthen anti-monopoly and steadily promote the reform of natural monopoly industries; investigate and punish acts of unfair competition in accordance with the law, and rectify the network black and gray industrial chain; Remove local protection and regional barriers, comprehensively clean up various preferential policies that discriminate against foreign-funded enterprises and non-local enterprises; clean up and abolish practices that impede equal access and exit in accordance with the law and violate the provisions of the unified market construction in the field of bidding and procurement.
Categorized policies to build a high-standard national unified large market
With the advancement of economic development and market-oriented reform, my country's multi-category and open commodity market system has been continuously improved, the market scale has continued to expand, and a multi-level and diversified factor market system has basically been formed. However, there are still problems of unbalanced development. In particular, the relative lag in the development of the factor market restricts the improvement of factor allocation efficiency under the new development pattern.
To this end, the "Opinions" adhere to the problem orientation and clearly point out "to create a unified market for factors and resources."
For example, with regard to the land and labor market, the "Opinions" propose to improve the cross-regional transaction mechanism for linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land to the surplus index, supplementary cultivated land index, and to improve the policy of linking fiscal transfer payments and the scale of new urban construction land with the urbanization of agricultural transfer population. .
For the capital market, it is proposed to unify the registration of movable property and rights guarantee, strengthen the cooperation and connection between the regional equity market and the national securities market, promote the interconnection of bond market infrastructure, and improve the supervision system with clear rights and responsibilities, clear division of labor, and smooth operation.
In addition, the "Opinions" also emphasizes "promoting high-level unification of commodity and service markets", and proposes to improve the commodity quality system, establish and improve the quality classification system, and promote cross-industry and cross-regional mutual recognition of quality certification results; improve standards and measurement systems, and speed up the formulation of National unified standards and safety norms for intelligent identification systems such as facial recognition, strengthening the internationalization of standard-essential patents; comprehensively improving the quality of consumer services, promoting multinational and cross-regional market entities to provide consumers with unified and convenient after-sales service, and improving the service market Prepaid consumption management measures.
Accelerating the construction of a unified national market is a complex and systematic project, and it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between top-level design and grass-roots exploration.
In this regard, the "Opinions" propose to explore and study the standard guidelines for the construction of a large national unified market, dynamically publish a list of problems that improperly interfere with the construction of a large national unified market, establish and improve a departmental coordination mechanism to promote the construction of a large national unified market; give priority to the construction of regional market integration Work, actively summarize and replicate typical experience and practices.
In a word, if the "Opinions" are well implemented, the advantages of my country's ultra-large-scale unified market will become more obvious, forming a solid support for the construction of a new development pattern.
(Author: Liu Tao, Deputy Director and Researcher of the Institute of Market Economy, Development Research Center of the State Council)