China New Observation | What is the unified national market? How to break monopoly and local protection?

　　Zhongxin Finance, April 12 (Reporter Li Jinlei) "Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of a Large National Market" was released on the 10th.

　　What is the national unified market?

Why speed up construction?

How to build it again?

What problems are you focusing on solving?

In this regard, the "China New Observation" column of Chinanews.com interviewed a number of authoritative experts for interpretation.

What exactly is a unified national market?

　　People from all walks of life are very concerned about what the unified national market is like.

　　According to the clarification of the opinions, speed up the establishment of a unified national market system and rules, break local protection and market segmentation, break through the key blocking points that restrict the economic cycle, promote the smooth flow of commodity factors and resources on a larger scale, and

　　Therefore, to understand the unified national market, we can look at the three key words of efficient regulation, fair competition, and full opening.

　　Liu Zhibiao, dean of the Changjiang Institute of Industrial Economics at Nanjing University, pointed out that an efficient and standardized national unified large market has unified policies, consistent rules, and coordinated implementation. This market can effectively allocate resources to maximize social welfare.

A large national unified market with fair competition, a competition venue and a competition mechanism with non-monopoly, fair trade characteristics and functions.

The fully open national unified market does not have all kinds of artificial and institutionalized blockades and closures. Not only does there exist no institutional barriers to entry and exit between domestic regions and industries, but it also implements reciprocity with foreign countries. The policy of mutual opening, resource factor commodities can achieve smooth and low-cost flow.

　　Liu Zhibiao believes that building a unified national market does not mean building a large market where all economic affairs are decided by the central government, which will evolve into a new planned economic system. It is the most important and basic understanding to understand that it is a large market that coordinates and determines resource allocation based on the price mechanism.

Data map.

Photo by Xu Congjun

Why speed up the construction of a unified national market?

　　In today's world, the most scarce resource is the market.

my country has a population of 1.4 billion, of which more than 400 million are middle-income people, forming a large domestic market that is unique in the world and has the advantage of a super-large market. However, China's large market is "big but not strong", and there are some shortcomings.

　　In practice, there are still some problems that hinder the construction of a unified national market. Market segmentation and local protection are more prominent, the construction of factor and resource markets is not perfect, the quality system of the commodity and service market is not yet perfect, and market supervision rules, standards and procedures are not unified. , the role of the ultra-large-scale market in technological innovation and industrial upgrading has not been fully exerted.

　　The National Development and Reform Commission pointed out that accelerating the construction of a national unified market is the basic support for building a new development pattern, an inherent requirement for building a high-level socialist market economic system, a realistic need to achieve technological self-reliance and self-reliance to promote industrial upgrading, and an important part of participating in international competition. Relying on is an important measure to release market potential, stimulate development momentum, and promote stable economic operation.

　　Guo Liyan, director of the Comprehensive Situation Office of the China Academy of Macroeconomics, said that building a unified national market, strengthening the domestic "basic market" support, and comprehensively promoting the transformation of the market from large to strong.

To comprehensively stabilize the circulation of the domestic economic system, the "key trick" is to accelerate the construction of a unified national market, further cultivate and stimulate the potential of the domestic market, and resist external uncertainties and challenges with the greatest certainty.

　　In Guo Liyan's view, the construction of a unified national market is conducive to attracting global high-quality factor resources to accelerate their convergence to me.

The arrangement of opinions promotes better connectivity between domestic and international markets, and promotes the integration of domestic and foreign market rules and standards, which is conducive to strongly attracting overseas mid-to-high-end factor resources with the domestic unified large market as the "core", thereby improving the quality and allocation of production factors in my country. Create new advantages for my country to participate in international competition and cooperation.

The picture shows tourists shopping for goods at the duty-free shop in Haikou Riyue Plaza.

Photo by Luo Yunfei

How to "build and break simultaneously" to build a unified national market?

　　The opinion adheres to the problem-oriented approach and simultaneously develops solutions, and clarifies the key tasks of building a unified national market from six aspects.

From the standpoint of independence, the opinion clearly states that the "five unifications" should be well done.

The first is to strengthen the unification of market-based systems and rules.

The second is to promote high-standard connectivity of market facilities.

The third is to create a unified market for factors and resources.

Fourth, promote the high-level unification of the commodity and service market.

Fifth, promote fair and unified market supervision.

　　Among them, there are clear opinions on creating a unified market for factors and resources, and a unified land and labor market in urban and rural areas will be improved.

Accelerate the development of a unified capital market.

Accelerate the cultivation of a unified technology and data market.

Build a national unified energy market.

Cultivate and develop a unified national ecological environment market.

From the perspective of breaking, it is clearly necessary to further regulate improper market competition and market intervention.

　　The opinions focus on five aspects: strengthening anti-monopoly, investigating and punishing acts of unfair competition according to law, breaking down local protection and regional barriers, cleaning up and abolishing regulations and practices that hinder equal access and withdrawal according to law, and continuously cleaning up regulations and practices that violate the unified market construction in the field of bidding and procurement. A clear deployment is made to break down various explicit and implicit barriers that restrict the construction of a unified national market.

What is the next step in antitrust?

　　Among them, on the issue of monopoly and unfair competition, the opinions are clear,

　　In addition,

　　Zhu Keli, the founding dean of the National Research Institute of New Economics and the chief researcher of the New Economy Think Tank, believes that on the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the regulation of monopoly and unfair competition in new business forms and models such as the platform economy; on the other hand, it is necessary to give full play to the platform economy. Active role in breaking regional blockades and market segmentation, and promoting the construction of a unified national market.

How to break down local protection and regional barriers?

　　It is very important to speed up the construction of a unified national market, break local protection and market segmentation, and break various closed small markets and self-circulation.

　　The opinions put forward to

　　Zhu Keli said that local governments put too much emphasis on GDP and local taxation, and the tendency of local protectionism is more serious.

Each region often has its own companies and brands that they support, delimiting explicit or implicit thresholds, creating barriers of interest, and making it difficult for other homogeneous companies and products to enter.

These problems were covered up when the economy was developing rapidly, but when the economy faced downward pressure, foreign trade fluctuated, and enterprises had difficulties in production and operation, the urgency of forming a unified market was highlighted.

　　Liu Zhibiao believes that local protection and market segmentation are both the means, manifestations and consequences of local governments' direct participation in market competition and the pursuit of market profits during economic transition, and are also important means, manifestations and consequences of forming an "administrative district economy".

To solve these problems that seriously affect the efficiency of resource allocation, the in-depth reform is not not to give full play to the enthusiasm and economic functions of local governments, but to start with defining and reforming the functional structure of local governments, appropriately reducing their direct intervention in micro-market behavior, and increasing their ability to Regulation and regulation of the market to increase public functions within its region.

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