Continue to write the story of spring | The rise of modern ocean city in Bohai Bay
Compared with other coastal provinces and cities, Tianjin's marine resources are relatively scarce and the total marine economy is not large.
But at present, its unit coastline marine product value has exceeded 3 billion yuan, ranking the country's leading position.
The marine economy has become an important pillar of Tianjin's economic development.
What does Tianjin rely on to develop its marine economy?
The answer is to regulate sea area governance and optimize the layout of the marine economy.
Gao Mingxing, a second-level inspector of the Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources, introduced that Tianjin has continuously optimized its marine economic structure and standardized sea area governance. The construction is improving day by day, and the development level of the five major marine industry clusters in Nangang Industrial Zone, Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone Lingang Area, Tianjin Port Area, Tanggu Ocean High-tech Zone, and Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city has been continuously improved. The overall development pattern of the marine economy in the region”.
Protect "Blue Homes"
The water is clear and the beach is clean, fish and gulls flock together, and the Lingang Wetland Park in Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone in spring is shining like an "ecological pearl" in the Bohai Bay.
"In the past, this was a seaside saline-alkali land. Through artificial ecological restoration technology, it has now become an ecological wetland park for the purpose of restoring the ecological environment of the Haihe River estuary and protecting bird habitats, attracting hundreds of species of birds to live here every year. "Liang Linfa, deputy director of the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone Urban Environment Administration, said that the Lingang Wetland Park is a key project for the comprehensive management of the Bohai Sea in Tianjin and the ecological restoration of coastal wetlands, and it is also a major national demonstration project of water pollution control and treatment technology.
Through the high-efficiency pretreatment facilities for initial rainwater, the park can collect and strengthen the initial rainwater within a range of about 178 hectares around the wetland, providing high-quality ecological water supply for the area, which is of great significance for protecting the ecological environment quality of the Bohai Sea.
In recent years, Tianjin has continued to strengthen the protection and restoration of coastal wetlands.
On the one hand, through the implementation of the "Blue Bay" renovation and restoration plan, focusing on the Qilihai Lagoon Wetland, Dagang Wetland, Hangu Wetland and the waters of the Bohai Bay under its jurisdiction, the estuary bay renovation and restoration project has been restored. At present, the coastal wetland area of 531.87 hectares has been restored.
On the other hand, the Coastal Wetland Nature Reserve will be improved, and important ecosystems such as Dagang Wetland and Hangu Wetland will be designated as nature reserves.
Tianjin has a variety of marine resources such as port oil and gas, salt industry and tourism.
Fan Bingze, director of the Sea Area Management and Early Warning Monitoring Division of the Tianjin Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, said that to protect and utilize marine resources and build a strong marine city, the principles of "protection first, land and sea planning, and intensive conservation" should be followed, and a long-term mechanism should be improved. , Strictly control the coastline development, scientifically and efficiently utilize marine resources, and effectively improve the quality of the marine ecological environment.
In order to promote the construction of marine ecological civilization, Tianjin has completed the revision of the "Regulations on the Administration of the Use of Sea Areas in Tianjin" and the "Regulations on the Environmental Protection of Tianjin Municipality", and has successively issued the "Tianjin "Blue Bay" Renovation and Restoration Plan (Coastline Protection and Utilization Planning) (2019 —2035)” and other documents, continuously optimize the coastline protection pattern, implement classified management, section protection and restoration, renovate and restore 4.78 kilometers of coastline, and achieve the goal of natural coastline retention.
At present, many places in Tianjin have implemented the project of returning to the beach, the ecological function of the coastline has been continuously improved, the tidal volume of the bay and the marine dynamic environment in the bay have continued to recover, and the quality of seawater and the marine ecosystem have been significantly strengthened.
Keep the ecological red line
A few days ago, near a natural village in the marine ecological red line area of Tianjin, Ma Hongjun, deputy head of the sea area law enforcement detachment of the Tianjin Maritime Surveillance Corps, found an old wharf with no ownership of the sea area during inspection.
After research, the Tianjin Maritime Surveillance Team decided to investigate and punish the wharf, but some villagers had certain resistance.
Some villagers believe that the wharf was built by village collectives bit by bit in the 1980s, and it is unnecessary to impose penalties and apply for sea area use certificates.
"Handling for a sea area use certificate is an important part of standardizing sea area management, which can avoid the adverse impact of private construction on the blue home." Ma Hongjun patiently explained to the villagers, doing a good job in the sea area law and the "Tianjin Sea Area Use Management Regulations" "Public Law Work.
In the end, the village committee of the village paid the fine on time and in full, and balanced the occupation and compensation of the occupied forest land within the red line. The procedures for the use of the sea area are also being handled in an orderly manner, and this sea area is gradually returning to its former vitality.
Through strict implementation of the marine ecological protection red line management and control requirements, Tianjin has recently comprehensively cleaned up the illegal occupation of illegal marine structures in the ecological protection red line area, and demolished a number of projects such as the remaining facilities of illegal photovoltaic projects in the red line area of the Dagang Coastal Wetland, and restored the marine ecological environment.
According to Fan Bingze, Tianjin strengthens the management of marine ecological red lines, and incorporates natural coastlines into the marine ecological red line area for strict protection. The adjusted red line area accounts for 12% of the area, and all natural coastlines are included in the marine ecological protection red line for management. Include the government performance assessment indicators to ensure that the natural coastline is not reduced.
Although some achievements have been made in sea area governance in recent years, and the marine ecological environment has improved, the current problems of Tianjin's marine resources and environment still exist.
For example, the scarcity of coastline resources has obvious constraints on the development of marine economy, and the carrying capacity of the marine environment is weak.
Another example is that the pressure of land-based pollution from entering the sea continues, and some typical marine ecosystems are still in a sub-healthy or unhealthy state.
"To solve these problems, we must continue to improve the level of sea area governance and promote the development of the marine economy," said Wang Zhengjiang, director of the Marine Economy and Planning Division of the Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources.
Strengthen the marine economy
With the continuous regulation of sea area governance and the improvement of the marine ecological environment, the layout of Tianjin's marine economy has been continuously optimized, and the development of marine economy has reached a new level.
The Tianjin Polar and Deep Sea Engineering Equipment Innovation Center, led by Tianjin University Binhai Industrial Research Institute Co., Ltd., has been approved for establishment.
"Tianjin's marine engineering industry not only provides important technical support for the development and construction of Bohai oilfields and domestic offshore oilfields, but also becomes an important force for the high-quality development of Tianjin's marine economy." The team responsible for the Energy Engineering Management Research Center of Tianjin University Binhai Industrial Research Institute Co., Ltd. Ren Jin Xiaojian told reporters that the innovation center adopts the "innovation center + alliance" model. The first batch of participating units has reached a dozen, and there are more than 50 alliance units, which not only solves the problems of insufficient scientific and technological innovation capability of a single enterprise, but also further improves Agglomeration of regional marine economies.
This is just a microcosm of Tianjin's vigorous development of marine advanced manufacturing.
Wang Zhengjiang introduced that in the past seven years, Tianjin's marine advanced manufacturing and emerging industries have developed well.
An offshore engineering equipment manufacturing base with the Lingang area of the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone as the core has been initially formed, with CSSC, Bomaike and other enterprises as the leaders, and the high-end marine equipment industry is concentrated.
In 2021, the container throughput of Tianjin Port will exceed 20 million TEUs for the first time, ranking among the top ten ports in the world.
On March 17, in the National Oceanographic Museum of the Sino-Singapore Eco-city in Binhai New Area, Tianjin, the instructor Chen Zhihan was leading netizens to visit the exhibition hall "From Sail to Wheel" via live webcast, watching ancient Greek warships, On ships such as the Lemont, netizens expressed their praise for the exhibition through the barrage.
With the strong development momentum of the National Maritime Museum and the cruise home port tourism, and the initial construction of a high-grade coastal leisure tourism area with the Sino-Singapore Eco-city as the core, Tianjin has entered a fast lane for the development of marine modern service industry.
What can best reflect the strength of the marine economy is hard-core technology.
Tianjin is the first city in my country to develop seawater desalination technology innovation, equipment manufacturing and scene application. It has a group of universities, research institutes and enterprises engaged in seawater desalination technology research and development, equipment manufacturing and application.
On March 1, the "Several Provisions of Tianjin to Promote the Development of the Seawater Desalination Industry" came into effect, which is the first local regulation in the country to promote the development of the seawater desalination industry.
Gao Mingxing said that the "Regulations" are specific actions to implement the strategy of becoming a marine power and reflect Tianjin's actions, and are the actual needs of cultivating and expanding the desalination industry and promoting the high-quality development of the marine economy.
From 2016 to 2020, relevant units in Tianjin have undertaken a number of national, provincial and ministerial level seawater desalination technological innovation and industrialization projects, applied for nearly 200 patents, and many technologies have entered the international advanced ranks.
In terms of engineering construction, Tianjin is currently the only area in China where all three mainstream technologies of seawater desalination have been applied. There are currently 3 seawater desalination projects in normal operation, and the scale of the projects ranks in the forefront of the country.
Tianjin Beijiang Power Plant, as one of the first pilot units for the development of the seawater desalination industry in China, took the lead in realizing the water supply of the city's municipal pipeline network by seawater desalination.
Relying on Hangu Salt Works to carry out industrial applications such as salt production from concentrated seawater and extraction of bromine and magnesium from seawater, Tianjin has formed a circular economy industrial chain of "power generation - seawater desalination - salt production from concentrated seawater - land conservation and consolidation - waste recycling" , has distinctive characteristics in the comprehensive utilization of concentrated seawater, and has played an exemplary role in the country.
Li Linmei, former director of the Tianjin Institute of Seawater Desalination and Comprehensive Utilization of the Ministry of Natural Resources, introduced that seawater desalination is a strategic emerging marine industry. The safe supply of resources has put forward new requirements, and seawater desalination can be considered as a new water source and included in the scope of infrastructure construction and public utilities.
After years of development, Tianjin's marine economy has formed several advantageous industries such as coastal tourism, offshore oil and gas, and marine transportation, and created a number of "blue brands". However, there are still significant gaps in the benchmarking of advanced coastal provinces and cities.
"Tianjin's marine industry structure upgrade is slow, and traditional marine industries such as marine oil and gas, marine chemical industry are dominant. Although the marine strategic emerging industries are growing rapidly, their overall scale is not large. The development of marine economy is still dominated by state-owned enterprises and private enterprises. The number of enterprises is small, the scale is small, the economic activity and entrepreneurial activity are not high, and the marine independent innovation capability needs to be enhanced." Wang Zhengjiang said.
When it comes to continuing to promote the development of the marine economy, Wang Zhengjiang suggested that we should rely on the relative advantages of Tianjin's marine economy to promote the establishment of relevant industrial bases, such as national seawater desalination bases, marine equipment manufacturing bases, etc. develop.
In addition, we can learn from the experience of other coastal cities to establish marine universities or set up marine-related majors in existing colleges and universities, encourage vocational and technical colleges and marine economy-related enterprises to cooperate closely, cultivate a group of high-quality skilled talents, and improve the cultivation of marine economy talents. system.
(Economic Daily reporter Zhou Lin)