Pay attention to the connection between production and sales, optimize the supply structure, and increase the intensity of anti-counterfeiting -
the stable price of agricultural materials to ensure the supply and help spring ploughing .
Our reporter Liu Jin
As the temperature rises, spring tube spring sowing is spreading from south to north.
In the context of the intertwined factors such as the epidemic situation in the century and the high global food prices, it is very important for my country's economic and social development to do a good job in agricultural production this spring and stabilize the agricultural fundamentals.
"The supply of agricultural materials is guaranteed this year, and all localities and departments are doing their best to stabilize prices and ensure supply." Zhang Xuhong, secretary-general of the China Agricultural Materials Circulation Association, said in an interview with a reporter from Economic Daily.
Fertilizer prices remain high
Production materials such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and veterinary drugs are important guarantees for stable and increased agricultural production.
Among them, fertilizers are called "grain of grain", and the spring ploughing season is the peak season for fertilizer demand.
From the perspective of chemical fertilizer classification, elemental chemical fertilizers are divided into three types: nitrogen fertilizers (mainly urea), phosphate fertilizers, and potash fertilizers.
Among them, the two major fertilizers, urea and phosphate fertilizer, can be self-sufficient in China, and even a certain amount can be exported.
In addition to domestic production, most potash fertilizers need to be imported from Canada, Russia, Belarus and other countries.
Since the end of last year, the price of chemical fertilizer has risen sharply. This year, the mainstream ex-factory quotations of urea and compound fertilizer have increased by about 1,000 yuan per ton compared with the same period of last year, and the price of potash fertilizer has more than doubled compared with the same period of last year.
The price of agricultural materials has risen, increasing the cost of farming for farmers.
Sun Yingbai, a farmer in Dapeng Village, Longtan Street, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, revealed that the price of fertilizers this year has risen by one-third compared with last year, and the price of pesticides is also rising.
According to Sun Yingbai's calculations, to plant one mu of land, the cost of fertilizer alone will cost more than 100 yuan.
Zhang Xuhong believes that international fertilizer prices have risen significantly, coupled with domestic production costs, the prices of coal, natural gas, sulfur and other raw materials have risen rapidly year-on-year, driving the increase in fertilizer production costs.
As the saying goes, "When wheat gets up at the vernal equinox, fat and water must follow closely."
During the spring ploughing season, the demand for agricultural materials has increased, but at the same time, affected by the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the poor logistics and transportation of agricultural materials in many places have caused a shortage of supply, and various factors have jointly raised the price of fertilizers.
Zhang Xuhong said that although the current fertilizer price has fallen from the highest point, it is still at a high level.
At the same time, although the prices of agricultural products have risen, they are generally lower than the rise in the prices of agricultural means of production.
Comprehensive measures to stabilize prices and ensure supply
Against the background of rising raw material prices, many departments have taken measures to stabilize prices and ensure supply, including putting reserve fertilizers on the market, ensuring the start of construction of chemical fertilizer companies, and increasing the procurement and transportation of agricultural materials, so as to promote stable prices and supply of agricultural materials.
According to the National Development and Reform Commission, since March, the first batch of more than 3 million tons of spring ploughing fertilizer reserves this year has been put into the market.
In the future, a large number of reserve chemical fertilizers will be put on the market one after another to ensure fertilizers for agricultural production during key periods such as spring ploughing.
In addition, the central government recently issued a fund of 20 billion yuan to provide a one-time subsidy to farmers who actually grow grains to alleviate the impact of rising prices of agricultural materials and stabilize farmers' income.
At the same time, the central government has allocated 1.6 billion yuan in funds for agricultural production and water conservancy disaster relief, which provides strong support for promoting stable and increased summer grain production.
In terms of production, the central government has established a working mechanism for stabilizing the price and supply of chemical fertilizers, ensuring the supply of coal, electricity, and gas for fertilizer production, and instructing local governments to set up special work classes to ensure that key fertilizer enterprises are producing at full capacity.
At present, the operating rate of urea processing enterprises across the country has reached nearly 80%, with a daily output of 164,300 tons of urea; in terms of circulation, the supply and marketing cooperative system is actively conducting production and sales docking with key upstream production enterprises.
In the warehousing center of Xinsanxiang Supply and Marketing Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd. in Xiangxiang City, Hunan Province, all kinds of agricultural materials are readily available. It is planned to plant more than 200 mu of rice, and the necessary agricultural materials can be purchased in the distribution department." The relevant person in charge of the Xiangxiang Supply and Marketing Cooperative said that in terms of agricultural material supply, the Xiangxiang Supply and Marketing Cooperative's system of fertilizer supply accounts for more than 80% of the local market share. .
At present, the network of the city's system has dispatched a total of 40,000 tons of chemical fertilizers, which basically meets the annual agricultural production needs of Xiangxiang City.
The recently held National Supply and Marketing Cooperative Society meeting requires supply and marketing cooperatives at all levels to do their best to supply agricultural materials for spring ploughing, do a good job in the connection between production and sales, optimize the supply structure of agricultural materials, strictly abide by the bottom line of quality and price of agricultural materials, and ensure that supply and marketing cooperatives channel agricultural materials. Supply high quality and stable price.
"In order to ensure sufficient supply, high quality and stable price of pesticides for spring ploughing this year, all sectors of the company have increased their purchases, with an overall increase of 10% year-on-year." Su, Member of the Party Committee of China Agricultural Production Materials Group Corporation, Chairman and General Manager of Zhongnong Lihua Yi said that, as a subsidiary of the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, in order to support spring ploughing production, the company signed a joint supply guarantee cooperation agreement with 120 major domestic and foreign pesticide manufacturers, and comprehensively coordinated upstream and downstream to ensure the stability of the pesticide supply chain.
Increase efforts to crack down on counterfeit agricultural materials
In recent years, with the gradual improvement of national laws and regulations, the legal awareness of manufacturers and farmers has gradually increased, and there are fewer and fewer fake and inferior agricultural materials on the market.
However, recently, with the high price of agricultural materials, various fertilizer problems have appeared in the chemical fertilizer market in some regions, causing manufacturers and growers to suffer.
Gan Xiaoming, senior consultant of the China Agricultural Production Materials Circulation Association, said that in some areas, there has been a phenomenon in which small trucks are used to sell fertilizers. The packaging of these fertilizers is vague and easy to mislead the public. It should be paid attention to by relevant departments.
In addition, the chaos of "stealing content and changing concepts" of agricultural materials also needs to be paid attention to by all parties.
According to reports, there are some "stealing" fertilizers on the market. For example, the content of 45% is marked on the packaging bag, but in fact it is only 30%.
Such fertilizers may affect crop yields.
"To do a good job in stabilizing the price and supply of agricultural materials, in addition to strengthening the guarantee of chemical fertilizers and market monitoring, we must also do a good job in cracking down on counterfeiting agricultural materials to prevent the phenomenon of bad manufacturers digging and harming farmers." Zhang Xuhong said.
A few days ago, seven departments including the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the State Administration of Market Supervision, and the Ministry of Public Security jointly launched a nationwide campaign against counterfeiting agricultural materials in 2022.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs stated that in order to crack down on counterfeit agricultural materials, we must adhere to both the symptoms and the root causes, the combination of combat and prevention, territorial management, and departmental coordination, and effectively regulate the order of the agricultural materials market, so as to ensure food security and agricultural product quality and safety.
Our reporter Liu Jin
Our reporter Liu Jin