□ Our reporter Pu Xiaolei
The "Laotan sauerkraut" eaten by many consumers turned out to be "earth pit sauerkraut". The so-called "Laotan process, full-time fermentation" turned out to be stepping on the sauerkraut with their feet; the famous specialty Yuzhou sweet potato vermicelli turned out to be cheap cassava Manufacturing, vermicelli drying beside the toilet... This year's CCTV 3.15 party, the exposure of food safety issues is shocking.
In recent years, my country has adhered to the strictest standards, the strictest supervision, the most severe punishment, and the most serious accountability, comprehensively implemented the food safety strategy, and promoted the food safety situation to maintain a stable and positive trend.
However, it is undeniable that food safety still has problems such as many risk points and difficult supervision.
This year's government work report pointed out that the quality and safety supervision of the whole food chain should be strictly monitored.
In this regard, a number of representatives and experts suggested that the supervision efficiency should be improved by establishing a food safety information supervision system and the use of credit means, so as to build a strong food safety defense line and promote the construction of a healthy China.
Over 690,000 food safety complaints were received last year
In recent years, my country's food safety situation has continued to improve, major food safety risks have been controlled to a certain extent, and the people's food safety issues have been guaranteed.
But at the same time, food safety work still faces many difficulties and challenges.
Statistics show that in the past 10 years, the most exposed area of CCTV's 3.15 gala is food safety.
In 2020 and 2021, the specific commodity complaints accepted by the National Consumers Association, food category will be at the forefront of the number of complaints.
According to data released by the State Administration for Market Regulation, in 2021, the national market supervision departments will receive a total of 9.11 million consumer complaints, of which 692,000 are food safety, a year-on-year increase of 93.8%.
The "Analysis of Complaints Accepted by the National Consumers Association in 2021" released by the China Consumers Association shows that for food safety, the main problems of consumer complaints are: operators are shoddy, adulterated, and even sell expired and moldy food. , "Three Nos" food, etc.; exaggerated propaganda, such as claiming low-calorie food, which actually far exceeds the standard requirements, etc.; exaggerating the function of health food, such as propagating the prevention or treatment of diseases; substandard food quality, causing diarrhea, poisoning and other personal injuries; some Community group buying sells low-priced food without quarantine certificate, and the purchase channel is unknown, which poses a safety risk.
Repeated food safety issues have raised new challenges for government departments to further improve their food safety governance capabilities and governance levels.
In response to the "Tukeng Pickled Cabbage" incident, the Hunan Provincial Market Supervision Department conducted law enforcement inspections overnight on the companies involved in Junshan District of Yueyang City and Huarong County, where the "Tukeng Pickled Cabbage" was exposed.
For the enterprises involved in the case, all raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are all sealed on site, ordered to suspend production and business, control relevant personnel, and initiate retroactive recall measures for exported products.
"For the rectification of food safety problems, it is necessary to strictly investigate and deal with the establishment of a long-term mechanism. For example, for a product such as sauerkraut, it is not just a 'one-off punishment', but to gradually eliminate unsanitary and non-standard production methods, Instead, adopt a scientific and detectable method. In this process, it is necessary to do a good job in the placement of relevant personnel, which will test the governance capacity and level of the local government.” said Sun Yuhua, an associate researcher at the China Rule of Law Strategy Research Center at East China University of Political Science and Law.
Establish a four-level food safety early warning platform
In April 2015, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the newly revised Food Safety Law, which came into force on October 1 of the same year.
For more than 6 years, the "strictest in history" new food safety law has laid a solid legal foundation for the construction of the strictest supervision system.
At the same time, the construction of related supporting systems is also being improved. For example, at the end of 2021, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate jointly issued the newly revised "Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Criminal Cases Endangering Food Safety". The conviction and sentencing standards for food safety-related crimes have further consolidated the criminal law network for punishing crimes endangering food safety in accordance with the law, and provided a clear legal basis for combating related crimes.
"In recent years, the food safety legal system has been improved day by day, which has laid a legal foundation for the realization of the goal of safeguarding public health. Under the circumstance that the relevant laws and regulations have been improved, whether the regulatory authorities can strictly enforce the law and ensure that the relevant laws and regulations can be implemented, it seems that It is very important." Sun Yuhua said.
Bai Qingyuan, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Market Supervision Administration, believes that the food safety supervision chain is long, has many links, and is highly technical. It must use big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other information technology to adapt to the development of the situation and improve accuracy. The effectiveness of supervision and collaborative supervision.
In this regard, it is recommended to establish a food safety information supervision system.
Bai Qingyuan suggested that a food safety early warning platform should be established at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels to realize food safety information early warning reporting, joint investigation and punishment, and warning education.
In addition, a unified, authoritative, and efficient information sharing mechanism must be established to integrate and share food safety-related monitoring data scattered in the ecological environment, agriculture and rural areas, health, customs, market supervision and other departments. The "information island" between departments provides technical support for the coordinated supervision of the whole chain.
It is suggested to establish a credit file of food production enterprises
It is worth noting that the enterprises involved in the exposure of "Tukeng Sauerkraut" have "criminals".
Tianyancha App and Qichacha App show that Hunan Changqi Vegetable Industry Co., Ltd. was found to have problems in multiple random random inspections and was ordered to make corrections; Hunan Tantan Qiao Food Co., Ltd. was banned by Yueyang City for violating the food safety law. Junshan District Market Supervision and Administration Bureau confiscated 994 yuan of illegal income and fined 35,000 yuan; Yueyang Junshan Yayuan Pickles Food Factory was found to have problems during food production safety supervision and inspection.
"For those companies with 'criminal convictions' who have been required to rectify multiple times, relevant information can be put on the credit platform, and they can be punished by means of credit punishment. In this way, other companies and consumers can inquire about relevant information. , to avoid the resulting risks." Sun Yuhua said.
my country has nearly 17 million food producers and operators, 1.4 billion consumer groups and a daily consumption of nearly 2 billion kilograms.
In the face of a super-large market and a large number of supervision objects, the use of credit means to improve supervision efficiency and ensure the safety of people's tongues has become an important consensus and powerful starting point for market supervision departments at all levels to carry out food safety work.
On January 13, the State Administration for Market Regulation issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Classification and Management of Enterprise Credit Risks and Further Improving Regulatory Efficiency", which clarified the direction for building a new credit-based regulatory mechanism.
Wu Liejin, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of Zhongying Shengda, pointed out that in view of the lack of overall planning and top-level design of the current food safety credit system, it is recommended to establish a credit file of food production enterprises, promote the classified supervision of food enterprises, and integrate public credit information and market credit information. , Incorporate the integrity of food production and operation into the key areas of finance, taxation, government procurement, bidding, land, and administrative examination and approval.
Wu Liejin suggested that on the basis of the existing administrative punishment measures, the punishment system for dishonesty should be further improved, and a blacklist system for various industries and a market exit mechanism should be established.
Encourage governments at all levels to implement credit classification supervision in market supervision and public service market access, qualification recognition, administrative approval, policy support, etc., and combine the types and degrees of untrustworthiness of the supervised objects, so that the untrustworthy are punished.
In addition, it is necessary to build a "credit + traceability" food safety traceability system, with the help of cloud computing, blockchain, big data and other underlying technologies, to ensure the full quality tracking and traceability of products from the source of production to the market.