Our reporter Guo Ziyuan

  Although the weight is small, it weighs thousands of pounds.

The impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic is the largest, small and medium-sized enterprises, which support employment, connect consumption, and are the capillaries of the national economy.

At present, the problem of financing difficulties for small and micro enterprises still attracts great attention.

Can inclusive small and micro loans continue to grow?

Will small and micro enterprises suffer from bank loan withdrawals and loan suspensions?

  A number of industry insiders said that next, financial services should focus on problem orientation, aiming at and meeting the expectations of small and micro enterprises.

From the perspective of financing, on the one hand, it is necessary to stabilize the stock, thereby stabilizing the expectations and confidence of enterprises; on the other hand, it is necessary to optimize the increment, increase the support for difficult industries and key industries, and promote the stable development of the industry with the stability of small and micro enterprises .

  Promoting the Significant Growth of Inclusive Loans

  "Expanding the coverage of inclusive finance will allow the majority of market players to feel that the convenience of financing has improved and the comprehensive financing cost has actually fallen." This year's "Government Work Report" made clear arrangements.

According to the deployment, for industries with large employment capacity and heavily affected by the epidemic, such as catering, accommodation, retail, culture, tourism, passenger transport, etc., various support policies should be given to support enterprises in these industries to survive, overcome difficulties, There is a head.

  The reporter learned from the financial supervision department that the policy layer attaches great importance to the temporary difficulties faced by small, medium and micro enterprises, and takes precise and effective measures to vigorously support the development of small, medium and micro enterprises.

Among them, inclusive small and micro loans will maintain a relatively high growth rate, continue to increase, expand, and reduce prices.

  To promote the obvious growth of inclusive small and micro loans, there is one group that cannot be ignored - first-time lenders, that is, small and micro enterprises that have never obtained bank loans before.

Dong Ximiao, chief researcher of China Merchants Union Finance, said that the "first loan" is the starting point for enterprises to obtain financing from financial institutions. After private and small and micro enterprises obtain the first loan, the possibility of subsequent loans will be greatly improved, and the loan interest rate is expected to decline. will also speed up.

  The "Government Work Report" clearly stated that we should promote the significant growth of inclusive small and micro loans, and continue to increase the proportion of credit loans and first-time lenders.

Next, first-time lenders will be the focus of financial services.

However, first-time lenders are also difficult for financial services, because they often lack credit records, and banks cannot judge their credit level and credit risk.

To solve this problem, the key is to speed up the sharing of credit information.

"It is recommended to break the 'information island' of various departments, integrate market supervision, taxation, customs and other departments and network platform information, and quickly build a national unified credit information sharing platform." Dong Ximiao said that it can encourage qualified places to build regional financial services For the credit information platform, choose an appropriate method to connect with the national platform, and at the same time, give full play to the role of credit reporting agencies, and explore the launch of private and small and micro enterprise credit reporting reports.

  "In addition, commercial banks also need to continue to improve products and services, and take the initiative to solve the problem of information asymmetry." Dong Ximiao suggested that the data integration application within the bank should be increased, and the "alternative data" such as payment data, government affairs data, and business data should be connected. ; Upgrade the credit management system, build a special credit model for private and small and micro enterprises, and develop mobile applications to simplify the first loan process, make loans faster, and make repayments more flexible.

  "Seamless Loan Renewal"

  In addition to the first loan, those small and micro enterprises that have obtained bank loans, especially those with good market prospects, are also generally concerned about a question - can they "seamlessly renew the loan" after the loan expires?

If feasible, this will not only greatly ease the pressure on the company's capital turnover, but also help stabilize the company's operations and expectations.

  Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council made it clear at the press conference held at the Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress on March 11 that industries with special difficulties not only need financial support, but also "seamless loan renewals" for those with good market prospects and the financial industry. .

  What is "Seamless Renewal"?

Take a one-year working capital loan as an example.

According to the approval process, the enterprise needs to apply for a new loan to the bank after repaying the principal and interest on the due date of the loan. It will take a certain period of time from the repayment of the previous loan to the arrival of the next loan.

This leads to two problems: first, enterprises may not be able to receive funds in time; second, because the market does not wait for others, once enterprises urgently need to purchase equipment and materials during the "gap period of funds", they can only find private "bridges" capital”, raising the financial burden and operating costs.

  In contrast to the "seamless loan renewal" model, before the loan expires, the enterprise can apply to the bank for "loan renewal", and use the newly issued loan to settle the original loan to achieve "seamless connection" of financing without additional on-lending fees. .

  The reporter was informed that Zhejiang Province will take the lead and promote the construction of two mechanisms of "continuous loan + flexible loan", and strive to solve the problems of stability and matching degree of corporate financing.

The relevant person in charge of the Zhejiang Banking and Insurance Regulatory Bureau said that in recent years, the bureau has vigorously guided the banking industry within its jurisdiction to promote innovation in repayment methods such as loan renewal without principal repayment and annual review system, scientifically match the production cycle of enterprises, and solve the problem of short-term loans and long-term use. Difficulty and pain points such as refinancing.

As of the end of December 2021, the balance of unpaid and renewed loans in Zhejiang has reached 661 billion yuan.

  "Financial services for small and micro enterprises should be based on the actual needs of enterprises." The relevant person in charge of Zheshang Bank said that at present, the bank has established and improved the loan renewal service system for small and micro customers upon expiration, and realized "automatic loan renewal, Three types of simplified service modes: full self-service approval and semi-manual intervention. At the same time, the “Revolving Loan” and “Suiyi Loan” that can be borrowed and repaid automatically, as well as the “Five-Year Loan” and “Ten-Year Loan” that can extend the loan term are promoted. Products such as "annual loan" hope to help small and micro enterprises reduce the cost of "crossing the bridge".

  Help companies enhance endogenous energy

  If precision financial services are "external forces", their ultimate purpose is not just to "give money", but to help small and micro enterprises to improve their own capabilities and cultivate the endogenous vitality of enterprises.

At present, the task of my country's economic structural adjustment has not been completed, and the supply-side structural reform continues to deepen. The next step should be to enhance the vitality, resilience and innovation of micro-subjects, so as to promote economic transformation and upgrading, and promote a virtuous circle of the national economy.

  Supporting the development of small and micro enterprises is a top priority.

According to the work deployment of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the scale of "specialized, specialized, and new" SMEs will be further expanded. On the basis of the existing ones, the development path of "specialized, specialized, and new" SMEs will be further innovated at the national level, and the number of small and medium-sized enterprises will be increased.

  The capacity building of small and micro enterprises is a systematic project, and financial services should play an important role.

A number of commercial banks have begun to focus on "supporting the growth of small and micro enterprises", and have tried to launch comprehensive services of "financing, intelligence, and business".

  The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China was one of the first pathfinders.

The bank has officially launched the "Wanjia Small and Micro Growth Plan" in 2019.

"We plan to provide nearly 10,000 small and micro enterprises with 'drip irrigation' precise services in three years, and achieve the development goal of 'three batches' by 2022." said Tian Zhe, general manager of ICBC's Inclusive Finance Division, that is Support a group of small and micro enterprises to become leading enterprises in subdivided industries, build a group of influential well-known brands of small and micro enterprises, and cultivate a group of small and micro enterprises to grow into medium-sized enterprises.

To this end, ICBC has independently developed the "Global Matchmaking Hub" cross-border matchmaking platform and opened it to global enterprises free of charge, supporting small and micro enterprises to seek overseas business opportunities and access the global industrial chain.

At present, the platform has attracted nearly 20,000 companies from 59 countries and regions and more than 30 industries to settle in.

  To enhance the endogenous vitality of small and micro enterprises, we must also make up for the shortcomings of equity financing.

In September 2015, the executive meeting of the State Council decided to set up the National SME Development Fund, which aims to give full play to the leverage and multiplier effect of central financial funds, attract social capital investment, and jointly expand the scale of equity investment in SMEs.

Up to now, the total number of sub-funds of the National Small and Medium Enterprise Development Fund has reached 20, with a cumulative scale of nearly 60 billion yuan.

Judging from the projects that have been invested in, covering industry, agriculture, science and technology and other industries, the investment amount in key areas such as new generation information technology, high-end equipment, biomedicine, new energy and new materials accounts for more than 80%.