China News Service, Chongqing, March 8 (Reporter Han Lu) In the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, Chongqing based on the characteristics of mountains and hills to develop economic and industrial enrichment industries, aiming at the "four functions" positioning of the economic and agricultural industry (maintaining the supply of important agricultural products, preventing the scale of production). return to poverty, remediate and utilize barren hills and slopes, and protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt), adhere to the idea of “one excellent, two improvements and three increases” (optimizing structure; improving quality and standards; increasing unit yield, increasing greenness, and increasing efficiency), and developing a line of Chongqing's own actual modern mountain characteristic high-efficiency agricultural road has laid a solid foundation for promoting the overall revitalization of the countryside.
A city like Chongqing with big mountains and rivers, big cities and big villages, and big openings and closings is unique in China.
On the city's 82,400 square kilometers of land, nearly 80,000 square kilometers of mountains, hills, hills, steep slopes, vertical and horizontal ravines, and scattered plots have become "stumbling blocks" for the development of modern agriculture.
How to turn the natural endowment disadvantage into a unique industrial development advantage?
How to better realize the effective connection between the consolidation of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture under the premise of ensuring food security?
How to maintain the "three bottom lines" of ensuring the supply of important agricultural products, protecting arable land and not returning to poverty on a large scale, so as to achieve high-quality development of the economic and crop industry?
The Chongqing Economics and Works System handed over a satisfactory "response".
——Guaranteeing supply, preventing the return to poverty, and protecting the ecology, the economic industry is responsible for
In terms of site conditions, hilly and mountainous areas account for 98% of the total area of Chongqing.
Under such natural conditions, Chongqing's economic crop industry directly undertakes the important task of ensuring the supply of important agricultural products, increasing farmers' income and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation.
"One vegetable" (vegetables) stabilizes the "vegetable basket" of the common people; "One tree" (citrus) drives 3 million orange farmers to increase their income by 20 billion yuan; "One leaf" (tea) ensures that farmers continue to increase their income for 50-100 years.
It has effectively driven agricultural development, rural prosperity, farmers' enrichment, and boosted the modernization development of agriculture and rural areas in Chongqing.
"In 2021, 11.96 million mu of vegetables will be planted in Chongqing, with a total output of 21.68 million tons. The per capita vegetable production of the resident population will be 25% higher than the national average, and the average vegetable price will be 10% lower than the national average. 'The tight balance of 'has been formed." The person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee said that this year, Chongqing will ensure the emergency supply of vegetables, develop modernized vegetables according to local conditions, create a number of green vegetable supply factories, and vigorously promote the "planting and breeding cycle". + Round intercropping", dig deep into the potential of idle fields in winter, ensure a stable vegetable market, sufficient quantity and stable price, and prevent "expensive vegetables hurting the people" and "cheap vegetables hurting farmers".
On the premise of ensuring the "vegetable basket" of the people, Chongqing is also committed to exploring a characteristic path for the economic industry to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, and enrich the "money bag" of farmers.
In Fuling District, Chongqing, the local area has effectively linked the leading mustard enterprises, mustard joint-stock cooperatives and farmers (including poverty alleviation households) through "two deposits and one interest chain". The total income reached 2.18 billion yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers increased by more than 3,100 yuan.
"The economic crop industry undertakes the important tasks of ensuring agricultural production and supply, increasing farmers' income and employment, protecting the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation. The 33 districts and counties in the city that have the task of consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation have regarded the economic crop industry as the leading role in consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation. Industry." The head of the Economics and Development Office of the Chongqing Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee said that more than 70% of the alpine vegetables, citrus, crisp plums, tea, Chinese medicinal materials and other industries are distributed in the Qinba Mountains and Wuling Mountains, which are the leading industries and major industries in poverty alleviation areas. The source of income has helped more than 480,000 registered poverty alleviation households in Chongqing to get out of poverty stably.
Chongqing is the core area of the citrus advantageous industrial belt in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and is the top three late-ripening citrus producing areas in the country.
The citrus industry is not only a pillar industry of Chongqing's agriculture, but in the process of implementing the project of "green mountains on both sides of the Yangtze River and a thousand miles of forest belt" and building a beautiful ecological belt of "a river with clear water, layers of green forests, four seasons of flowers, and fragrance of melons and fruits", citrus The industry has played an important role in building an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
"At present, citrus nutrition diagnosis and efficient fertilization cover 700,000 mu of citrus bases in the city, and the comprehensive technology of no-tillage and green manure covering the rows of orchards with straws is promoted in Wushan, Kaizhou, Liangping, Dianjiang and Yubei. The citrus base not only reduces fertilization by 30%-60%, but more importantly plays a huge role in restoring the ecology on both sides of the Yangtze River, controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, absorbing waste and recycling, and vigorously promoting the construction of rural ecological civilization. The person in charge said.
The picture shows the comparison before and after the utilization of barren hills and slopes in Qinglong Village, Yubei District, Chongqing.
Photo courtesy of Yubei District Agriculture and Rural Committee
——Change the "poor mountain" into a "backer", and the economics and crafts industry has obvious advantages
The hilly and mountainous conditions prevent Chongqing from achieving the large-scale development of its agricultural industry as it can in the plains.
How to develop rural industries on "slap fields" and "chicken nests" is a major and realistic issue facing Chongqing.
In recent years, Chongqing has vigorously developed modern high-efficiency agriculture with mountain characteristics, using idle land and rocky desertified arable land to develop economic orchard forests, turning "slap fields" and "chicken nests" into lucid waters and lush mountains, invaluable assets.
"If in the past, Chongqing's agriculture was more constrained by the limitations of the mountains, in recent years, Chongqing has transformed the traditional terrain disadvantages into resource advantages by developing alpine vegetables, Chinese medicinal materials, tea and other economic crops." In the agricultural and rural areas of Chongqing According to the relevant person in charge of the Commission, the "poor mountain" that once restricted agricultural benefits is becoming the "backer" for the development of characteristic cash crops.
At present, Chongqing has developed industries such as guaranteed supply of vegetables, alpine vegetable tea medicines, fruit and vegetable tea seeds (seedlings) and other industries according to local conditions through rational use of the “greenhouses” that have been cleaned up and rectified, the middle and high mountains and Pingba winter idle fields, and tobacco fields.
It is understood that more than 700,000 mu of alpine vegetable bases in Chongqing city of more than 1 million mu come from tobacco fields.
In addition to making good use of "slap fields" and "chicken nests", Chongqing is also working hard to revitalize the barren hills and slopes.
"For the barren hills and slopes of hilly and mountainous areas, according to the site conditions, 'grain should be used for grain, and special should be used when it is special', to develop the production of grain, special fruit, Chinese herbal medicine, high-quality forage grass, etc., and increase the supply of diversified products." Chongqing Agriculture and Rural Areas The relevant person in charge of the committee said that the economic cropping industry in Chongqing is "advancing into wasteland and reclaiming wasteland", and gradually integrating production modes such as planting and breeding cycles, economical cultivation, intercropping rotation, and returning green manure to fields, to fully promote the utilization of barren hills and slopes and boost soil fertility. and solving problems such as farmland resource constraints.
——Sichuan and Chongqing explore the "field road" together, and the cohesion of the economics and crafts industry
Sichuan and Chongqing belong to national advantageous areas such as vegetables, citrus, lemons, tea, and Chinese herbal medicines. With the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle rising to a national strategy, in the "Chengdu-Chongqing Modern High-efficiency Characteristic Agricultural Belt Construction Plan" (below After the introduction of the "Plan" for short, the two places have a clear roadmap for cooperation.
The "Planning" proposes to build a spatial pattern of "one axis, three belts and four districts".
In terms of positioning, the Chengdu-Chongqing modern high-efficiency and characteristic agricultural belt will be built into a national demonstration area for high-quality modern agriculture development, a national pilot area for coordinated development of urban and rural industries, a national agricultural and rural reform and opening up pioneer area, and a demonstration area for western agricultural science and technology innovation.
In recent years, Chongqing has formed national-level industrial clusters such as citrus (lemon) and mustard, national-level agricultural product advantageous areas such as Wushan crisp plum and Yongchuan Xiuya, and national-level planting bases such as Yunyang citrus and Shizhu Huanglian. Sichuan vigorously develops advantageous and characteristic industries such as Sichuan tea, Sichuan cuisine, Sichuan fruit, and Sichuan medicine.
The relevant person in charge of the Economics and Development Office of the Chongqing Agricultural and Rural Committee said that the layout of "one axis, three belts and four districts" is a comprehensive consideration of the development of the advantageous and characteristic agricultural industries in the two places.
"Modern, efficient, and characteristic have precisely positioned the development direction of the agricultural belt. The "Planning" mentioned the establishment of the Yusui-mian high-quality vegetable production belt, the high-quality authentic Chinese medicinal material industry belt, the citrus industry belt in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the famous tea in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The industrial belts, etc., are all concrete manifestations of the economic circle with the characteristics of the two places boosting the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle." said the person in charge.
It is understood that the construction of Chengdu-Chongqing modern high-efficiency and characteristic agricultural belt has made a good start. Sichuan and Chongqing have jointly built 3 cross-regional industrial alliances, 3 modern agricultural cooperation demonstration parks, and launched 54 key projects.
The picture shows Chongqing Bishan Vegetable Base.
Photo by Chen Guiqing
——From "increasing production" to "improving quality", the economics industry creates advantages
Although farming is old, its life is new.
At present, the agricultural and rural economy has shifted from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage.
How to change from "increasing production" to "improving quality" has become a key part of realizing the revitalization of rural industries.
In recent years, Chongqing has firmly grasped the "bull nose" of industrial development, guided by green, high-quality, specialization and branding, and took the leading industries to improve quality and efficiency, complete and active industrial chains, and expand and extend agricultural functions. Promote the high-quality development of rural characteristic industries.
"In recent years, we have focused on the development of citrus (lemon), mustard, tea, Chinese herbal medicines, condiments, specialty fruits, specialty grains and oils and other economic crops, focusing on building the citrus industry area in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the superior mustard producing area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the 30th north latitude. °The characteristic industrial clusters such as the advantageous production areas of lemons, the advantageous areas of authentic medicinal materials in the Qinba Mountains and the Wuling Mountains, etc., will continuously optimize the agricultural structure." The relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee said that with the green, high-quality and efficient development of the economic crop industry, the characteristics of Jingzuo products have won the favor of the market with their high quality - Fuling mustard, Sanxia citrus, Wushan crisp plum, "Yu Shiwei" and a number of Jingzuo agricultural product brands that concentrate the cultural symbols of Chongqing's region are becoming more and more famous.
"Among the 70 landmark agricultural products in Chongqing, 51 are processed products, accounting for 72%; the certified area of 'three products and one standard' is 7,708,700 mu." The person in charge of the Economics and Production Office of the Chongqing Agricultural and Rural Committee introduced.
With the help of the "three products and one standard" in agriculture, many characteristic agricultural products in Chongqing have embarked on the road of large-scale, clustered, technologically efficient agriculture - "Fengjie Navel Orange" has achieved a high-quality fruit rate of 80% by improving the level of standardized planting management; "Fuling mustard" cultivates and promotes "Fuza No. 1-10" series of new cabbage varieties, completely eliminates old varieties, and realizes the replacement of cabbage varieties...
"This year, we will focus on the establishment of the 'three products and one standard' base in the planting industry to promote the green, high-quality and efficient development of the city's economic crop industry." The person in charge of the Economic Crops Office of the Chongqing Agricultural and Rural Committee introduced.
The economics industry has become a "new engine" for rural revitalization
It is not difficult to find that in the process of realizing the effective connection between the achievements of consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and improving the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, Chongqing takes modern high-efficiency agriculture with mountain characteristics as the main focus of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Help rural revitalization.
Continue to improve the ability to stabilize production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, comprehensively improve the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, seize new opportunities for the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, and jointly build a new pattern of Chengdu-Chongqing modern, high-efficiency and characteristic agricultural belt.
Towards a future of high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture, livable and livable villages, and farmers’ prosperous and prosperous farmers, the Chongqing Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee has continuously improved the ability to stabilize production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, comprehensively improved the quality, efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture, and seized the Chengdu-Chongqing area. New opportunities for the construction of the twin-city economic circle, and jointly build a new pattern of Chengdu-Chongqing modern high-efficiency and characteristic agricultural belt.
New hope is sown in the vast fields, and new kinetic energy is nurtured in the forests and mountains.
A crisp and beautiful new song for rural revitalization is playing in Bashan and Yushui.
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