The improvement of people's livelihood is powerful and effective
——Implementation of Quantitative Indicators in the 2021 "Government Work Report" (2)
Increase speed and reduce fees to stimulate vitality
In 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will actively promote the network speed increase and fee reduction, and telecommunications companies will continue to reduce mobile traffic, home broadband and private line broadband tariffs for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Among them, the sharp drop in the average tariff of SMEs for broadband and private lines is not only a real policy that benefits enterprises, but also reduces the operating costs of enterprises, especially the cost of informatization investment. The express train of development, transformation and upgrading, improvement of quality and efficiency, effectively stimulate the vitality of the enterprise.
The data proves that the network speed and fee reduction have greatly lowered the threshold for digital transformation of the industry, and the penetration rate of digital R&D and design tools in enterprises and the numerical control rate of key processes have continued to increase.
In the next step, with the further popularization of optical fiber networks, the development of digital technology and the expansion of user scale, there is still some room for the reduction of broadband tariffs for small and medium-sized enterprises.
(Huang Xin)
Strengthen the management of special bonds
In order to better play the positive role of special bonds in stimulating effective investment and stabilizing economic growth, the Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, has continued to strengthen the management of special bonds in the past year.
Strictly control the direction of financial support, instruct local governments to follow the principle of "funds follow projects", increase support for major national regional development strategies and key projects in the "14th Five-Year Plan" Outline, and resolutely do not sprinkle "pepper noodles".
In 2021, a total of 3.43 trillion yuan of new local government special bonds will be issued, accounting for 98% of the issued quota, and the issuance work for the whole year will be basically completed.
All the funds are used in the key areas determined by the Party Central Committee and the State Council, of which about 50% is invested in transportation infrastructure, municipal and industrial park infrastructure; about 30% is invested in affordable housing projects and social undertakings such as health, education, pension, cultural tourism, etc. ; About 20% of the investment was invested in agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, energy, urban and rural cold chain logistics, etc., which better guaranteed the reasonable local financing needs, and effectively played the leading role of the special bond "420000000000000000000".
(Li Hualin)
Healthcare spending continues to increase
The National Medical Insurance Bureau and other announcements made it clear that in 2021, the per capita financial subsidy standard for resident medical insurance will increase by 30 yuan, reaching 580 yuan per person per year.
At the same time, it is clarified that the per capita financial subsidy standard for basic public health services will increase by 5 yuan in 2021, reaching 79 yuan per person per year.
Up to now, all regions have implemented two bidding requirements.
In recent years, the Chinese government has continuously improved the medical insurance system and gradually improved the level of public health services.
Up to now, my country has established the world's largest universal medical security network. This medical security network, which guarantees the basics, prevents serious diseases, and covers the bottom line, has continuously enhanced the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.
From the perspective of per capita medical and health expenses, life expectancy and other indicators, the level of Chinese government medical and health investment is relatively reasonable, which is in line with the level of my country's economic development.
In the future, the investment in medical and health care will further increase, and the national health level will also be further improved.
(Wu Jiajia)
Help airlines recover and develop
In March 2021, the Ministry of Finance issued an announcement clarifying that from April 1, the collection standard of the civil aviation development fund that should be paid by airlines will be reduced by 20%.
In order to support the development of the civil aviation industry, from July 1, 2019, relevant departments have reduced the collection standard of the civil aviation development fund that should be paid by airlines by 50%.
In 2020, in order to support civil aviation enterprises in fighting the epidemic, a year-round exemption was also implemented.
The further reduction of the collection standard this time will help airlines tide over the epidemic and resume development.
Lowering the collection standards for airlines of the Civil Aviation Development Fund can directly reduce the cost burden of airlines.
After this adjustment, the standard for airlines to pay the civil aviation development fund has been reduced by 60% compared with that before 2019. Under normal circumstances, the annual cost of enterprises can be reduced by about 8 billion yuan, which has enhanced the confidence and momentum of the industry's development, and injected into the rapid recovery of the industry. power.
(Zeng Jinhua)
Investing within the budget to make up for shortcomings
In 2021, all the 610 billion yuan of investment in the central budget will be allocated, an increase of 10 billion yuan over the previous year. These investments will be used to concentrate efforts on major, difficult and urgent matters at the national level, and actively support the transformation of old urban communities, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and The construction of key areas such as water conservancy and major infrastructure has given full play to the guiding and leading role of government investment.
In 2021, the investment arrangements within the central budget will adhere to the principle of "projects go ahead of investment", "funds follow projects", and "elements follow projects", actively connect with the "14th Five-Year Plan", and speed up investment plans within the central budget The issuance has played a positive role in increasing investment to make up for shortcomings, adjust the structure, accelerate the construction of "two new and one heavy", and mobilize the enthusiasm of private investment.
This year, we will continue to make good use of the investment in the central budget, further expand the investment space, strengthen the stamina of investment growth, and further play the key role of effective investment in stabilizing growth.
(Gu Yang)
Cross-province medical treatment is more convenient
As of the end of December 2021, 2,804 counties had more than 1 designated medical institution for cross-provincial networking for general outpatient costs, and more than 60% of the counties in each region had at least one designated medical institution for cross-provincial networking for general outpatient costs.
Realizing the direct settlement of medical treatment in different places across the country can reduce the pressure on patients to advance funds and reduce the pain of traveling back and forth.
In recent years, the direct settlement of inter-provincial and non-local medical treatment in my country has been progressing steadily. The scale of inter-provincial direct settlement of hospitalization expenses and the scale of inter-provincial direct settlement of general outpatient expenses have continued to increase. More and more insured people enjoy direct settlement services for medical treatment in different provinces and places.
In the future, relevant departments will further promote the sinking of medical resources, strengthen the supervision of medical services, improve the level of primary medical services, guide the masses to seek medical treatment locally, and reduce the cost of personal medical treatment in different places from the source.
(Wu Jiajia)
Technology investment continues to increase
In 2021, the Ministry of Finance will continue to increase investment in science and technology, innovate and improve policy mechanisms, deepen management reform, support key and core technologies, strengthen national strategic scientific and technological strength, and effectively improve the independent controllability, security and stability of industrial and supply chains.
Under the circumstance that the expenditure at the central level continues to grow negatively, 320.554 billion yuan of scientific and technological expenditures at the central level will be arranged, focusing on guaranteeing scientific and technological expenditures.
At the same time, optimize the expenditure structure and increase support for basic research, key core technology research, and national strategic scientific and technological strength construction.
The expenditure on basic research at the central level was 72.091 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.3%.
Reform and improve the management of the central government's scientific research funds.
Introduce policies and measures to expand the autonomy of scientific research project funding management, "untie" scientific research personnel, and strengthen innovation and creation.
Among them, the budget items have been greatly simplified, the proportion of indirect expenses has been greatly increased, and the cost of "people" in scientific research project funds can reach more than 50%.
(Li Hualin)
Speeding up renovation of old communities
In 2021, the country will start the renovation of 55,600 old urban communities, benefiting 9.65 million households, and exceeding the goals and tasks set in the "Government Work Report".
Practice has shown that the transformation of old urban communities has a very positive role in meeting the needs of the people for a better life, improving people's livelihood and expanding domestic demand, and promoting the improvement of urban quality.
The renovation of old urban communities is a real livelihood project. It not only helps the masses improve the living environment, stimulates the vitality and vitality of old communities, but also enhances the appeal of grass-roots party organizations, which is a useful exploration for the implementation of urban renewal actions. .
In the process of further promoting the renovation of old urban communities, the will of the masses should be fully respected, and the quality of the project should be effectively controlled to ensure the progress and effect of the renovation.
At the same time, we will speed up exploration in promoting the joint transformation of adjacent communities and surrounding areas, attracting market forces to participate, and improving supporting policies and systems.
(Kang Shu)
Vocational education develops steadily
Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have launched a series of major measures for the reform and development of vocational education.
There are currently 32 vocational undergraduate schools in my country, with 129,000 students, and 41,000 students will be enrolled in 2021. At present, the proportion of college graduates nationwide has reached 20%.
In October 2021, the Central Office and the State Office issued the "Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Modern Vocational Education", which clearly stated that by 2025, the scale of undergraduate vocational education will not be less than 10%, and more vocational school graduates will receive high-quality education. vocational undergraduate education.
Enrollment by examination is the "bull nose" that affects the reform of vocational education.
Shandong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Fujian, Anhui and other places have carried out pilot projects for the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination", and achieved good results and experience.
This year, the Ministry of Education will improve the top-level design of the "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" on the basis of summarizing local practical experience.
The "Vocational Education College Entrance Examination" will become the main channel for higher vocational education enrollment, especially for vocational undergraduate schools.
(Li Dan)
Encourage enterprise R&D innovation
In the implementation of tax cuts and fee reductions, my country has further increased its support for manufacturing and technological innovation.
On March 15 and 31, 2021, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued an announcement clarifying that the implementation period of the 75% deduction of corporate R&D expenses will be extended to December 31, 2023; from January 1, 2021, Increase the super deduction ratio of R&D expenses of manufacturing enterprises to 100%; when enterprises prepay and declare corporate income tax in the third quarter or September of the year, they can choose to enjoy the preferential policy of super deduction for R&D expenses in the first half of the year.
In September 2021, the State Administration of Taxation issued a document clarified that in 2021, enterprises can enjoy the preferential policy of additional deduction of research and development expenses in the first three quarters in advance.
With the joint efforts of all parties, the high-quality development of corporate R&D and manufacturing has played an important role in stabilizing market players, ensuring employment and people's livelihood, and stabilizing the economic fundamentals.
(Li Hualin)
Clean and warm to protect the blue sky
Heating in winter is a major event related to the national economy and people's livelihood.
At present, a large amount of heat source in my country's heating system still comes from coal-fired boilers, which inevitably pollutes the environment.
Promoting clean heating in winter is an important measure to win the battle to defend the blue sky, improve the quality of life of the masses, and promote high-quality development.
As of the end of December 2021, the clean heating area in the northern region was about 15.6 billion square meters, with a clean heating rate of 73.6%, exceeding expectations to complete the target task.
The next step is to vigorously promote solar energy and wind energy heating.
In rural areas in key areas for air pollution prevention and control, central heating such as "scenery + thermal storage electric boilers" can be carried out throughout the county.
Rationally develop biomass boiler heating based on agricultural and forestry biomass, biomass briquette fuel, etc., and give priority to geothermal energy central heating in towns with abundant geothermal resources and large areas.
(Wang Yichen)
——Implementation of Quantitative Indicators in the 2021 "Government Work Report" (2)