Our reporter Liu Zhiqiang
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that state-owned enterprises are the important material and political foundation of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the "pillar" of the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics.
In 2021, the operating income of central enterprises will be 36.3 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 19.5%; the total profit will be 2.4 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 30.3%, and the main indicators have reached the best level in history.
Behind the dazzling report card, it is inseparable from the deepening of the reform of state-owned enterprises. Since its launch in 2020, the three-year reform of state-owned enterprises has successfully completed 70% of the goals and tasks, and achieved a series of important phased results. The control, influence and anti-risk ability were further enhanced.
Fully implement the "Two Consistency" to improve the quality of the construction and operation of the board of directors
The modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics is more mature
At the end of November 2021, the alkaline hydrogen production water electrolyzer with the largest single-cell capacity in the world, led by China Huaneng, was successfully rolled off the production line, indicating that my country has successfully mastered the key technologies of high-performance large-scale electrolytic hydrogen production equipment.
China Huaneng's external directors have played an important role in achieving innovative results. In November 2020, the external directors put forward suggestions for optimizing the layout of the group's hydrogen energy industry. Since then, the group has conducted several special researches and established a hydrogen energy technology company to accelerate the progress. related items.
In the past two years, China Huaneng has effectively promoted the scientific and efficient decision-making of the board of directors by playing the role of external directors as "decision-making experts and business consultants".
Taking the construction of the board of directors as an important breakthrough, state-owned enterprises are accelerating the improvement of the modern enterprise system.
Through the three-year action, state-owned enterprises at all levels have basically achieved the establishment of the board of directors, and the proportion of external directors who have completed the majority of central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises has reached 99.3% and 94.2% respectively.
The board of directors needs to be widely covered and its functions should be improved.
Many state-owned enterprises have been actively exploring - COSCO SHIPPING adopts a combination of internal transfer and external selection, establishes a talent pool for external directors, and regularly organizes directors' duty performance training and board work training; SPIC has organized multiple rounds of public disclosure within the group. Selected and established a team of 46 full-time directors to fully realize the full-time professionalization of external directors of secondary subsidiaries; Shenzhen Investment Control is based on the functional positioning of state-owned capital investment companies, and will invest no more than 20% of its net assets in its main domestic business. Decision-making authority is delegated to the board of directors.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that adhering to the party's leadership over state-owned enterprises is a major political principle, which must be consistent; the establishment of a modern enterprise system is the direction of state-owned enterprise reform, which must also be consistent.
Through the implementation of the three-year action, the quality of the construction and operation of the board of directors of state-owned enterprises has been improved, and the strengthening of the party's leadership and the improvement of corporate governance have also achieved better unity.
China Southern Power Grid has innovated and explored three pre-research and discussion methods of “system review, comprehensive review, and one-item-one-deliberation” according to the characteristics of different matters in response to the problems that the previous party group pre-research and discussion methods were relatively simple and overlapped with the decision-making content of the board of directors.
SPIC made it clear that the board of directors will authorize the chairman and general managers to make decisions at the meeting of some non-major business matters.
At present, all central enterprise group companies and local first-level enterprises, most central enterprises and important local subsidiaries have formulated lists, which better clarify the power and responsibility boundary between the party organization and the board of directors.
Complete a series of major strategic restructuring and professional integration
The structure layout is more optimized
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to the policy that is conducive to the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets, the improvement of the competitiveness of the state-owned economy, and the expansion of the functions of state-owned capital, promote the deepening of reforms of state-owned enterprises, improve the level of operation and management, strengthen the supervision of state-owned assets, and unswervingly. Make state-owned enterprises stronger, better and bigger.
China Star Network and China Electric Equipment were established, Sinochem Group and ChemChina jointly reorganized, China Electric Power Technology reorganized China Potevio, Anshan Iron and Steel reorganized Benxi Iron and Steel, the asset reorganization of the National Pipe Network Group was successfully completed, and the specialized integration in coal, medical and other fields was further promoted. , Tianyi Cloud, and the innovation platform of offshore engineering equipment will accelerate the landing... In 2021, the restructuring and integration of state-owned enterprises will be swift and steady, and measures will be taken frequently.
——Promote strategic reorganization among central SOEs, among central SOEs and local SOEs, and among local SOEs, and speed up the optimization and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy.
In May 2021, Sinochem Group and ChemChina realized a "strong alliance" through restructuring, becoming an "industrial giant ship" with assets exceeding RMB 1 trillion and more than 200,000 employees, enhancing the central enterprises in the fields of provenance, chemical industry and other fields. core competitiveness.
After the reorganization, Sinochem has completed the integration of the agricultural seed industry sector.
The key to realizing the reorganization goal of "1+1>2" lies in integration and integration.
During the three-year operation, China Shipbuilding continued to promote the reform of the group headquarters, the professional restructuring and integration of the marine service industry and think tanks, and newly established a major project management center, a future development research center and an equipment support center, etc., to stimulate chemical reactions through internal integration. .
Shandong Port Group reorganized and integrated the port resources in the province, classified and reorganized the non-traditional loading and unloading business of each unit, established a number of sector groups, and implemented business franchise, which alleviated the problems of homogeneous competition and waste of resources.
——Promote professional integration and improve industrial concentration and core competitiveness of enterprises.
On December 6, 2021, China Logistics Group Co., Ltd. was established.
This central enterprise with diversified equity is based on the integration of the logistics sector of the original China Railway and China Chengtong, and has simultaneously introduced China Eastern Airlines, COSCO Shipping, and China Merchants as strategic investors.
China's logistics business covers warehousing, transportation, packaging, cross-border e-commerce, international trade and other formats, laying the foundation for building a world-class modern logistics enterprise.
On December 23, 2021, another new state-owned enterprise, China Rare Earth Group Co., Ltd., was established in Ganzhou, Jiangxi.
China Rare Earth is integrated from the rare earth sector of China Aluminum, China Minmetals, Ganzhou Rare Earth and other companies. It will focus on rare earth technology research and development, exploration and development, separation and smelting, deep processing, downstream applications, complete sets of equipment, import and export trade and other businesses. Unblock the communication between the upstream and downstream of the rare earth industry chain and between different fields, and strive to build a first-class rare earth enterprise group.
In 2022, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council will focus on accelerating the formation of a group of large-scale enterprises with clear business segments and strong core competitiveness by promoting the professional integration between various enterprises and within enterprises.
Improve the scientific and technological incentive mechanism, and create the "source" of original technology and the "chain length" of the industrial chain
More surging energy for innovation
There are frequent reports of good manned spaceflight, "Tianwen-1" landing on Mars, breakthroughs in key core technologies such as the power-specific chip "Fuxi", extremely small diameter micro-drills, and extremely small diameter milling cutters, from major projects to key components, one by one technological innovation Behind the achievements, there are central enterprises.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that state-owned enterprises, especially state-owned enterprises affiliated to the central government, must strengthen their independent innovation capabilities, develop and master more important national weapons.
During the three-year action, state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises have taken a multi-pronged approach to deepen reform and accelerate the burst of innovation vitality.
"We have carried out projects in the fields of urban renewal and rural revitalization, advocating that "whoever has the ability will reveal the list", applied the 'horse racing mechanism' in the technical research of major projects such as the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, and advocated that "whoever has the ability will be the first." '." The relevant person in charge of China Construction said that with the promotion of scientific research investment and effective incentives, the company has harvested a number of intelligent construction technologies such as aerial building machines and intelligent tower building machines, which has greatly improved the level of lean construction.
Relevant exploration is being carried out extensively.
In 2021, CNOOC will launch a batch of key scientific research projects under the "Revealing the List and Commanding the Leaders" system in its affiliated research institute.
Unrestricted by the thresholds such as position, rank, and professional title, researchers can "reveal the list" after forming an implementation plan based on the content of the list.
After the project leader is "in command", he will not be restricted by the salary level of the original post during the operation of the project, and will implement the "project leader post award" to achieve "rank separation".
Aiming at key core technologies, Shandong Heavy Industry has set up the project of "revealing the list and taking the lead", using an internal open bidding mechanism, clarifying the amount of project rewards and setting standardized incentive rules.
Annual assessment points, R&D expenses are treated as profits, capital injections, total wages are listed separately... During the three-year action, state-owned and state-owned enterprises have generally formulated and implemented a scientific and technological innovation incentive guarantee mechanism.
In 2021, the R&D investment intensity of central enterprises will reach 2.5%, of which industrial enterprises will reach 2.9%.
The innovative "policy package" has been implemented, and solid steps have also been taken to create a "source of origin" and a "chain length".
In 2021, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission issued the guiding opinions on promoting central enterprises to be the source of original technology and the chain length of modern industrial chains, and identified the first batch of 29 source enterprises and 6 chain leaders.
Relevant enterprises adhere to the national strategic demand orientation, highlight key technologies, common technologies and cutting-edge technologies in the industry, and make positive contributions to high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement.
Promote the tenure system and contractual management of managers, and deepen the reform of three systems
The operating mechanism is more flexible
In January 2021, a signing ceremony was held at China Eastern Airlines - the leaders of the group signed the appointment agreement and performance responsibility letter with the R&D center and the general manager of China United Airlines respectively, kicking off the tenure system and contractual management.
Within a year, 97.8% of the consolidated subsidiaries of China Eastern Airlines Group have completed the contracts.
Signing and not signing are very different.
Compared with the previous performance appraisal, the tenure system and contract-based management have increased the tenure contract, making the appraisal more rigid and the pressure more real. It has been set that "the annual appraisal cannot reach 70 points of the 100-percentage system" and "the annual main indicators cannot reach 70 points". %” of the “Double 70” withdrawal clause stipulates that managers must quit if they fail to meet the continuous assessment standards during their term of office.
At present, 97.3% and 94.7% of the central SOEs and local state-owned enterprises whose management members have signed contracts accounted for 97.3% and 94.7% respectively, basically establishing a new management responsibility system under the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics.
This year, the tenure system of managers and contractual management will achieve full coverage and high quality in the state-owned enterprise system. All units that have assessments will be included in the scope of contractual management.
The reform of state-owned enterprises is aimed at optimizing the operating mechanism and stimulating the potential of employees.
With the implementation of the three-year action, the three institutional reforms have gone deeper.
Cadres can go up and down.
In July 2021, CNOOC initiated the three most powerful institutional reforms since 2003. All middle-level cadres "stand up and sit down", "if they are not excellent, they must be transferred", and the overall performance of the cadres for two terms has not reached "excellent". For business positions, the proportion of "under" is more than 11%.
In 2021, the proportion of managers competing for jobs in central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises will reach 42.9% and 37.7%, respectively, and the proportion of final adjustment and incompetent exits will reach 4.5% and 3%, respectively.
Employees can come in and go out.
In 2021, SPIC will promote the transformation of surplus personnel from traditional industries to "three new" businesses, and realize the transformation of more than 5,400 personnel throughout the year, revitalizing human capital.
Some power supply bureaus of China Southern Power Grid "all staff back the task and back the target", and vigorously implement the management mechanism of rotation, demotion, waiting, and quitting.
Income can increase or decrease.
China Railway Construction continues to promote the project department of the engineering contracting sector to carry out excess profit sharing incentives, and 20% of the key employees will distribute 80% of the excess profit, breaking the "big pot rice" at the project department level.
Yunnan Yuntianhua implements excess profit sharing for key employees, implements innovation achievement incentives for technical R&D personnel, and implements performance bundle incentives for new business teams, so that employees who contribute a lot can receive corresponding income.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that it is necessary to unswervingly deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, focus on innovating systems and mechanisms, accelerate the establishment of a modern enterprise system, give full play to the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of various talents in state-owned enterprises, and stimulate the vitality of various elements.
The main responsible comrade of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council said that under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, and adhered to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will focus on key issues to overcome difficulties and decisively win the three-year action of state-owned enterprise reform. , to ensure the achievement of reform results that can stand the test of history and practice, and to welcome the victory of the Party's 20th National Congress with practical actions.