China will fully implement enterprise credit risk classification management (Rui Finance)
Recently, the State Administration for Market Regulation issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Classification and Management of Enterprise Credit Risks and Further Improving Regulatory Efficiency" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), proposing that the market supervision system will fully implement the classification of enterprise credit risks within three years. manage.
At the State Council's regular policy briefing held by the State Council Information Office on February 15, the relevant person in charge of the State Administration for Market Regulation stated that promoting the classified management of corporate credit risks is an important part of further building a new credit-based regulatory mechanism. A credit-oriented business environment is very important.
Draw a 3-year "roadmap"
Pu Chun, deputy director of the State Administration for Market Regulation, introduced that in September 2019, the State Administration for Market Regulation launched a pilot program for enterprise credit risk classification management in 11 regions across the country.
On the basis of summarizing the pilot experience, the General Administration has researched and formulated the "Opinions".
"The "Opinions" insist on improving the comprehensive efficiency of supervision and better serve the high-quality development of the economy and society as the starting point, requiring market supervision departments at all levels to scientifically study and judge the risk of illegal and untrustworthy enterprises, and implement grading and classification according to the credit risk level of the supervision object and the characteristics of the industry Supervision." Pu Chun introduced, specifically, there are the following aspects:
The first is to scientifically implement classification and accurately study and judge corporate credit risks.
Scientifically build an index system, and comprehensively use various risk information to automatically classify enterprises.
The second is to strengthen the application of classification results to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of supervision.
Clarify the integration method of enterprise credit risk classification management, "double random, one open" supervision, risk prevention and control in professional fields, etc.
The third is to strengthen monitoring and early warning to effectively prevent and defuse risks.
It is required to strengthen the monitoring, early warning and disposal of corporate credit risks, push the regulatory threshold forward, and realize the transformation from passive supervision to active supervision.
"In the next step, the State Administration for Market Regulation will resolutely implement the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on promoting the classified management of enterprise credit risks to improve the efficiency of supervision, strengthen overall coordination, supervision and guidance, pay close attention to the implementation of work, and guide the market supervision departments at all levels. Complete various tasks in accordance with the established timetable and roadmap of the "Opinions", effectively improve the efficiency of supervision, and promote the high-quality development of my country's economy." Pu Chun said.
To achieve scientific and accurate classification
Scientific and accurate classification is the key to improving the effectiveness of supervision.
Liu Yan, director of the Credit Supervision Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation, said that in order to achieve scientific and accurate classification, we must start from three aspects:
Comprehensive and effective collection of various types of enterprise credit risk information.
In terms of the collection of enterprise-related information, the State Administration for Market Regulation has established a national enterprise credit information publicity system, and through the publicity system, it collects enterprise-related information generated by government departments in the process of performing their duties and publicized through the publicity system.
"On the premise of protecting personal privacy and business secrets in accordance with the law, the current publicity system has collected the registration, administrative licensing, administrative punishment, annual report announcement, random inspection results and other information of all enterprises. At the same time, we have further collected and sorted out complaints and reports. , Internet public opinion, foreign investment and other dynamic credit information. These information have laid the foundation for the classification of corporate credit risks." Liu Yan said.
Build a scientific and iteratively optimized indicator system.
Liu Yan introduced that the State Administration for Market Regulation drew on the experience and practices of mature credit risk classification index systems at home and abroad, and used methods such as big data and machine learning to formulate and complete the first version of the general enterprise credit risk classification index system.
It includes 5 first-level indicators, 25 second-level indicators, and 81 third-level indicators, including enterprise basic attribute information, enterprise dynamic information, regulatory information, foreign investment information, and social evaluation information, and has preliminarily realized the credit risk classification of all enterprises.
Establish a corporate credit risk classification management system.
The State Administration for Market Regulation organized the development and construction of an enterprise credit risk classification management system, clarified the technical framework, basic functions, data interface specifications and other matters of the enterprise credit risk classification management system, and provided information technology for the automatic classification of enterprise credit risks in various regions. support.
"No Disturbance" "Everywhere"
For enterprises, what are the impacts of implementing enterprise credit risk classification management?
"Enterprises are an important manifestation of a country's competitiveness, and the quality of an enterprise's survival and development is related to a country's high-quality development and national competitiveness." Pu Chun said that the main purpose of implementing enterprise credit risk classification management is to optimize the allocation of regulatory resources. Improve the precision and effectiveness of supervision, and promote fair competition and survival of the fittest through fair supervision.
On the one hand, "do nothing to disturb" those who are honest and law-abiding.
"The classification result of enterprise credit risk is the reference basis for market supervision departments to implement differentiated supervision of enterprises." Pu Chun said, "The "Opinions" stipulate that for A-class enterprises with low credit risk, the market supervision department will carry out the 'double random, one Reasonably reduce the proportion and frequency of random inspections during public supervision. Except for complaints and reports, problems found in big data monitoring, clues for cases transferred to be handled, and other provisions in laws and regulations, on-site inspections may not be actively carried out according to the actual situation, so as to achieve 'no disturbance' ."
On the other hand, there is "everywhere" for those who break the law.
The "Opinions" clarified that strict supervision should be implemented for D-type enterprises with high credit risk, the proportion and frequency of random inspections should be significantly increased in a targeted manner, and on-site inspections should be actively implemented when necessary to achieve "ubiquitous".
Through the implementation of differentiated regulatory measures for enterprises with different credit risk categories, effective and fair supervision can be achieved, a good and relaxed operating environment will be created for law-abiding and honest enterprises, and illegal and dishonest enterprises will be restricted everywhere, which is conducive to creating honest, trustworthy and fair competition. The market environment can fully stimulate the vitality and creativity of market players.
"It should be noted that the classification results of enterprise credit risk are dynamically adjusted. Enterprises should pay attention to their own credit accumulation, operate with integrity in accordance with the law, and reduce their own credit risks by actively correcting dishonest behaviors, eliminating adverse effects, and reshaping good credit. The market reputation and competitiveness of the enterprise." Pu Chun said.
Kong Dechen
Kong Dechen