What should I do if the electric capacity of the residential area where charging piles are installed is insufficient (supporting the accelerated development of new energy vehicles and charging infrastructure survey ③)
core reading
Insufficient electricity capacity in the community is one of the problems faced by the installation of on-board charging piles for new energy vehicles.
In order to alleviate this problem, in addition to policy support to increase the capacity of power supply facilities, new models such as "unified construction and management" of charging piles and shared charging are also being gradually applied, which effectively enhances the sense of acquisition of new energy vehicle owners.
"The delivery of the new car is imminent, but I didn't expect that it would be difficult to install charging piles." Not long ago, Mr. Fang, the owner of a community in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, encountered a problem in the installation of on-board charging piles for new energy vehicles - insufficient electricity capacity in the community.
In fact, there are not a few car owners like Mr. Fang who cannot install on-board charging piles due to insufficient electricity capacity in the community.
It is understood that since the second half of 2020, the number of new energy vehicles in my country has grown rapidly. In individual communities in Shanghai and other cities, the proportion of new energy vehicles has even reached 30%, and the contradiction of insufficient electric capacity is becoming more and more prominent.
How much power resources will a new energy vehicle charging pile occupy?
Where is the difficulty in increasing the power capacity of the community?
What are the current countermeasures?
The capacity expansion and transformation of power supply facilities is inseparable from policy support
Walking into the underground parking garage of COSCO Liangwan City in Putuo District, Shanghai, from the power distribution room to the entire outer wall, hundreds of meters have been hung.
In the power distribution room of the underground parking garage of Guangrunyuan Community in Minhang District, in addition to 16 meters of 59 meters, which are neatly hung in the meter box, the other three walls are hung all over the other three walls, and the connecting pipelines extend like a spider web to dozens of meters. in the charging bay.
The survey shows that the current mainstream slow charging pile power is generally 7 kilowatts, while the distribution load of the community is generally 3.5-10 kilowatts.
The disorderly construction of private piles will not only easily cause public resources to be preferentially occupied by some owners, but also cause the grid load to be strained.
The current mode of personal installation and property allocation can easily lead to problems such as repeated excavation, disorderly laying of cables, and inconsistent construction standards. exacerbated.
"With the rapid growth of the number of new energy vehicles, even those newly built communities that reserve the charging capacity of new energy vehicles in accordance with the regulations of the relevant departments, the shortage of electric capacity will occur sooner or later." The person in charge of a charging pile operating company said that as for those who did not pre- The contradiction is even more prominent in the old community with the charging capacity of new energy vehicles, and the conventional solution is only to increase the capacity.
However, increasing the capacity of residential electricity is not an easy task.
An owner's application for piling construction in a community in Beijing was stuck on capacity expansion.
In desperation, the owner reported the situation to the Beijing 12345 hotline.
The reply was that the construction of the community was in 2005, and there was no plan to install car charging piles and related supporting charging facilities.
According to the feedback from the property management company, the current facilities in the garage, including lighting, fire protection, and three-dimensional parking spaces, have saturated the capacity of electrical appliances. Without affecting the activation of fire-fighting facilities, they cannot meet the charging needs of vehicles, that is, the electrical capacity in the underground garage cannot be increased.
If you can have the basic conditions for capacity increase, can you easily increase capacity?
It is understood that although there is no charge for the capacity increase of low-voltage residential users by the power sector at present, users generally need to bear the cost of design, construction and line consumables by themselves.
Of course, local power departments will also introduce different preferential policies for the construction of charging piles. For example, the State Grid Shanghai Pudong Power Supply Company said that as a power access service provider, they are willing to undertake cables and supporting distribution cabinets, metering boxes, etc. Equipment costs and construction costs.
However, the community needs to provide a room in the underground garage as a new power distribution room, and at the same time provide a channel for cable laying, that is, to erect the necessary cable bridge in the underground garage.
Clearly, meeting the capacity increase requirements of the power sector is not easy.
In 2016, the "Notice on Accelerating the Construction of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in Residential Areas" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and other four departments clearly stated that according to the principle of "moderately advanced", power supply enterprises should provide special fixed parking spaces (including lease periods of one year or more). Parking spaces), according to the "one meter one parking space" mode, the supporting power supply facilities are expanded and transformed, and each parking space is equipped with an appropriate capacity electric energy meter.
The state provides policy support such as special construction funds for the electrification of parking spaces in residential areas as appropriate.
Industry experts said that high-cost power capacity expansion is ultimately inseparable from the strong support of local governments and power companies.
"Unified construction and management" of charging piles reduces power consumption
The reporter found in the investigation that even if the current power load capacity of some communities is sufficient, when the owners apply for the installation of charging piles, they will refuse or charge a certain fee on the grounds that the power capacity is insufficient.
Ms. Wang, who lives in a community in Tianfu New District, Chengdu, got the property's piling consent form after paying 2,000 yuan for electricity capacity expansion.
Mr. Yu, who lives in a community in Chengdu High-tech Zone, paid 5,000 yuan as a capacity increase fee in order to obtain a property piling permit.
The above-mentioned community property stated that at the beginning of the construction of the community, the electricity load of new energy vehicles was not considered, and the installation of charging piles involved increasing the capacity of electricity.
In this regard, various localities are also exploring solutions, refusing the owner's application for pile construction due to insufficient power capacity, and the non-uniform and opaque electricity capacity increase fee, which is constantly improving.
According to reports, as of September 2021, Chengdu has launched a pilot project of the "unified construction and management" model of charging piles in 450 communities, and more than 800 charging piles have been used online.
Through systematic intelligent load management and control, intelligent time-sharing and staggered charging and other measures, the pilot community not only realized peak shaving and valley filling, but also reduced the electricity consumption of the community.
In addition, Chengdu has also launched a fixed parking space service package under the "unified construction and unified management" model. Car owners only need to pay a start-up fee of 2,000 yuan and choose a charging service package that matches their power consumption to enjoy the free service provided by the operator. Charging piles are installed in place, 12 free charging pile inspections and maintenance per year, and free replacement of charging piles for non-artificial damage.
Group charging system, shared charging to improve efficiency
"In addition to capacity increase, we changed our thinking and developed a group charging system with the goal of improving charging efficiency in response to the limited electric capacity of the community." Zhang Meng, the person in charge of Sentongzhida, said, for example, the 14-kilowatt electric capacity uses traditional The method can only be allocated to two charging piles with a power of 7 kW, but using the group charging system, 6 charging piles can be installed to share a 14 kW power capacity.
"The group charging system is to allow the limited electric capacity to serve more customers by intelligently allocating the charging time."
Also in order to achieve time-sharing and off-peak charging, State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Co., Ltd. has launched orderly charging piles in many places.
State Grid electric community charging business manager Wu Fan introduced that after the car owner chooses to charge in an orderly manner, the system automatically obtains information such as battery capacity, predicts the user's car usage time and charging needs based on historical data, and the car networking platform will control the charging pile at the most suitable time. Start charging.
"Orderly charging will not only meet the charging needs of more car owners, but also bring benefits to car owners in communities that enjoy peak and valley electricity prices without affecting residents' normal daily electricity consumption." Director of GAC Aian Brand Communication Department Qiu Liangping said.
In order to solve problems such as insufficient electric capacity, the National Development and Reform Commission also proposed to encourage new models such as "sharing of adjacent parking spaces" and "one car for multiple vehicles".
Mr. Wang, who lives in Jintai Li Fujia Garden, No. 28 Dongba, Chaoyang District, Beijing, is one of the first "pile owners" to share private piles.
"My car is charged once a week, and most of the time the charging pile is empty. Wouldn't it be better to share it with my neighbors?" Mr. Wang said, in addition to his own parking space, in 2018 and 2021, he will be in business at the bottom of the community he runs. Four shared piles have been installed in the parking space.
"Now more than 10 community owners come to charge every three or four days, and the annual service fee income brought by the sharing of each pile is almost 4,000 yuan." Mr. Wang said that the income is a surprise, and it makes him more Happy is the satisfaction that comes with helping other car owners.
"When sharing private piles, the electricity fee is not allowed to increase, and the operating platform only charges a small amount of service fees, and most of the revenue belongs to the owner of the private pile." Zhu Jianzhong, general manager of Xingxing Charge Beijing Company, introduced that for a period of time, the frequency of private pile sharing has continued to increase. In 2020, 20% of the private stakes on the platform were shared, and in 2021, it has increased to 30%, and the average daily electricity sharing of a single stake has tripled.
Our reporter Wang Zheng