China News Service, Shanghai, January 12 (Reporter Xu Jing) The "Blue Book of Social Enterprises: Research Report on the Development of Social Enterprises in China (No. 1)" released in Shanghai on the 12th shows that Chinese social enterprises have a multi-legal nature, and corporate revenue There are generally limited incomes. The three directions for the future development of Chinese social enterprises may be the rule of law, specialization, and professionalization.
On the same day, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China Society for Social Governance and Social Science Literature Publishing House released the blue book for the first time.
The Blue Book is based on the data of the "Chinese Social Enterprise Industry Questionnaire" jointly compiled and distributed by Shanghai Jiaotong University China Philanthropy Development Research Institute and the Social Enterprise Service Platform (CSESC), combined with the research data of the authors.
A total of 92 questionnaires were recovered in this survey, of which 87 were valid questionnaires.
According to the Blue Book, social enterprise can be understood as both a special kind of enterprise and a special kind of social organization.
Although social enterprises use business operations as their means of survival, they are driven by social missions.
It is generated by social needs, grows in economic value creation, can create social value, and at the same time takes economic performance as a sustainable way of survival, and produces more social value by reinvesting operating income in social undertakings.
The Blue Book pointed out that the “China Social Enterprise Industry Questionnaire” released by the China Institute of Public Welfare Development of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the Social Enterprise Service Platform (CSESC) showed that among the 87 valid questionnaires collected, 65.5% of social enterprises were corporate legal persons, and 32.2% of them were legal persons. % of social enterprises are non-profit organizations, and 2.3% of social enterprises are cooperatives.
This shows that social enterprises have a multi-legal nature.
At present, social enterprises generally attach more importance to certification work. 35.6% of social enterprises have passed domestic certification, 3.4% of social enterprises have obtained foreign certification, and 30% of social enterprises have not yet carried out relevant certification work and are in the process of applying for certification. of social enterprises accounted for 13% of the total.
Judging from the survey, it is common for social enterprises to have limited revenue.
47% of social enterprises are in a state of break-even; 35% of social enterprises have been in a state of profit; 18% of social enterprises have been in a state of loss.
Statistics show that social enterprises are mostly distributed in Sichuan, Shanghai, Guangdong, Beijing and other places, with the highest proportion in Sichuan.
The Blue Book also pointed out that Chinese social enterprises sprung up in the period of reform and opening up. After difficult exploration, they initially developed under the social entrepreneurship trend in 2015, and gradually formed a unique Chinese model.
Both the institutional environment and internal capabilities of social enterprises have been greatly improved in recent years.
In the future, the development of social enterprises will face both challenges and opportunities.
Only through the rule of law, specialization, professionalization, etc., to build a development support network and balance the commercial and public attributes of social enterprises, can the governance efficiency be better played.
The Blue Book shows that the current legislative environment for social enterprises in China is immature.
Although the international certification of social enterprises has formed a government-led model, a social-led model, and a government-social cooperation model, the domestic social enterprise certification is still at the stage of industry certification and local certification, and the development of social enterprises still faces the problem of insufficient legitimacy.
In recent years, the development of social enterprises in China has begun to take shape, and public awareness has gradually increased. Social enterprise certification promoted by third parties can become a continuous driving force for the development of social enterprises, providing them with a legitimate identity for integrating resources.
At the same time, the ecosystem of Chinese social enterprises is being formed, and the improvement of the ecosystem of social enterprises depends on the support of policies and regulations, financing schemes, human resources and supporting institutions.
The development of social enterprises will also feed back the environment, further promote the vigorous development of the third distribution business, activate community resources, promote social innovation, encourage social entrepreneurship, and promote social and economic development and environmental governance innovation.
The Blue Book pointed out that social enterprises in Beijing, Chengdu, Shunde and Hangzhou have achieved certain development results and accumulated good experience, including but not limited to a good institutional supply system, advanced development concepts, and coordinated government-social relations. And a profound philanthropic culture and innovative spirit.
Based on the cases of Hangzhou and Sichuan, the Blue Book believes that the development of social enterprises not only requires the promotion and efforts of the government, but also requires social enterprises to strengthen themselves, make strategic plans, and establish core competitiveness.
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